human development Flashcards
what are neurons
Neurons send messages to one another by releasing chemicals called neurotransmitters
State parts of the neuron
- cell body
- axon
- dendrites
- myelin sheath
functions of neuron parts(axon)
Conducts electrical impulses away from neuron
transmits info to different muscles and glands
Functions of neuron(cell body)
contains the nucleus
connect to dendrites
Dendrites
brings into received from other neural cells to the cell body
Myelin sheath
Covers axons to prevent loss of nerve impulse
Speeds in info transmission
types of neurons
- sensory
- motor
- interneuron
function of sensory neuron
- takes sensory information from the environment
- send signals to the brain
function of motor neuron
- communicate information from the brain to tissues and organs throughout the body
- allowing for movement
Function of interneuron
- Make up the majority of neurons in the body
- transmitting information between sensory and motor neurons
What is a synapse?
the space between the neurons
- tiny gaps where fibers from different neurons come close together but do not touch
What is a Synaptogenesis?
Explosion of synapses formation between neurons during early brain development
what is Synaptic pruning?
- Neurons that are rarely stimulated, lose their synapses
- When a synapse is destroyed the memories that go along with that synapse are lost
- Synaptic pruning makes room for more info
Types of neurotransmitters?
excitatory neurotransmitters
inhibitory neurotransmitters
excitatory neurotransmitters
passes messages to the next neuron
