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Anatomy > Human Body & Orientation Ch. 1 > Flashcards

Human Body & Orientation Ch. 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy v. Physiology

A
  • anatomy the study of the body structure and its morphology
  • anatomy the study of the structure of the human body
  • includes morphology (which is the study of form)

-Physiology- the study of the body function

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2
Q

Atomic/molecular level
Cellular level
Tissue Level

A
  • atoms from molecules
  • cells and their functional subunits
  • a group of cells performing a coordinated function
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3
Q
  • Organ level
  • Organ system
  • Organism level
  • Population level
  • Ecosystem
A
  • a discrete structure made up of more than one tissue type
  • organs working together for a common purpose (i.e heart & blood vessels, uterus, & bladder)
  • the result of all organ systems working in coordination
  • interaction with other Homospaiens
  • interaction with other species in our ecosystems
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4
Q

Axial v. Appendicular

A

Axial- the main axis of the body (basically the head and the body trunk)
Appendicular - the limbs (legs and arms)

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5
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane

A

-lies vertically and divides the body in the posterior and the anterior
(cutting the head through the ears way)

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6
Q

Median (midsagittal) plane

A

-specific sagittal plane that lies vertically in the midline

cutting head nose way

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7
Q

Transverse plane

A

-runs horizontally and divides body into superior and inferior parts
(cutting body waits way)

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8
Q

Dorsal body cavity

A
  • cranial cavity

- vertebral cavity

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9
Q

Ventral body cavity

A
  • thoracic cavity
  • abdominal cavity
  • pelvic cavity
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10
Q

Inner tube

A

-extends from mouth to anus and includes the pharnyx, respitory and digestive organs, the pharynx, respitory and digestive organs, the

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11
Q

Outer tube

A

-consists of axial skeleton and associated axial muscles that make up the outer body wall and nervous structures

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12
Q

Standard Anatomical Position

A

-person stands erect with feet together and eyes forward, palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body

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13
Q

Anterior thoracic (axial)

A
  • axillary
  • sternal
  • mammary
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14
Q

Anterior cephalic (head) (axial)

A
  • frontal
  • orbital
  • nasal
  • oral
  • mental
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15
Q

Anterior Abdominal (axial)

A

Umbilical

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16
Q

Anterior Pelvic (axial)

A

-inguinal (groin)

17
Q

Anterior Pubic (axial)

A

-genital

18
Q

Anterior Upper limbs (appendicular)

A
  • acromial
  • brachial (arm)
  • antecubital
  • antebrachial (forearm)
  • carpal (wrist)
19
Q

Anterior Manus (hand) (appendicular)

A
  • Pollex
  • palmar
  • digital (figners)
20
Q

Anterior Lower Limb (appendicular)

A
  • coxal (hip)
  • femoral (thigh)
  • patellar (knee)
  • fibular or peroneal
21
Q

Anterior Pedal (foot) (appendicular)

A
  • tarsal (ankel)
  • Metatarsal
  • digital
  • hallux (big tow)
22
Q

Posterior Upper limb (appendicular)

A
  • acromial (sholder)
  • brachial (arm)
  • Olecranal (elbow)
  • Antebrachial (forearm)
23
Q

Posterior Manus (hand) (appendicular)

A
  • Metacarpal

- Digital

24
Q

Posterior Lower Limb (appendicular)

A
  • Fermoral (thigh)
  • Popliteal (back of knee)
  • Sural (calf)
  • Fibular or peroneal (under calf)
25
Q

Posterior Pedal (foot) (appendicular)

A
  • calcaneal (heel)

- plantar (bottoms of feet)

26
Q

Posterior cephalic (axial)

A
  • otic
  • occipital (back of head)
  • cervical
27
Q

Posterior back (dorsal) (axial)

A
  • scapular
  • vertebral
  • Lumbar
  • sacral
  • gluteal (butt)
  • perineal (between anus and external genitalia)
28
Q

Superior

A

Towards the head end or upper part of a structure or the body ; above
-exp: head it superior to the abdomen

29
Q

Inferior

A

away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body below
-exp: the naval (the belly button)is inferior to the chin

30
Q

anterior (ventral)

A
  • towards or the front of the body; in front of

- exp: the breastbone is anterior to the spine

31
Q

posterior (dorsal)

A
  • towards or at the back of the body; behind

- exp: the heart is posterior to the breastbone

32
Q

medial

A
  • toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

- exp the heart is medial to the arm

33
Q

lateral

A
  • away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

- the arms are lateral to the chest

34
Q

proximal

A
  • closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
  • the elbow is proximal to the wrist
35
Q

distal

A

father from the origin of the body part or point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
-the knee is distal to the thigh

36
Q

superficial (external)

A
  • towards or at the body surface

- the skin is superficial to the skeleton muscles

37
Q

-deep (internal)

A
  • away from the body surface; more internal

- the skin is superficial to the skeletal muscles

38
Q

Ipsilateral

A
  • on the same side

- the right hand and right foot are ipsilateral

39
Q

contralateral

A
  • on opposite sides

- the right hand and left foot are contralateral

Anatomy (7 decks)

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