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Year 8 (Ukrainian version) > Human body ETT > Flashcards

Human body ETT Flashcards

1
Q

Name the two nutrients that provide energy

A

Carbohydrates and lipids (fats)

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2
Q

Name the nutrient that’s needed for growth and repair

A

Protein

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3
Q

Name the two nutrients that are needed in small amounts to maintain health

A

Vitamins and minerals

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4
Q

What is fibre needed for?

A

To help food move through the gut

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5
Q

Suggest some foods that are a good source of carbohydrates

A

Examples include:
potatoes, rice, bread, pasta

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6
Q

Suggest some foods that are a good source of protein

A

Examples include:
Meat, fish and eggs

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7
Q

Suggest some foods that are a good source of vitamins and minerals

A

Examples include:
Fruit and Vegetables

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8
Q

Suggest some foods that are a good source of lipids (fat)

A

Examples include:
Milk, Cheese, Cream, Nuts

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9
Q

Describe the food test for starch

A

Test: Add iodine
Positive result: Turns black

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10
Q

Describe the food test for protein

A

Test: Add biuret solution
Positive Result: Turns light purple

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11
Q

Describe the food test for glucose (sugar)

A

Test: Add Benedict’s reagent and put in water bath
Positive result: Turns orange

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12
Q

Describe the food test for lipids (fats)

A

Test: Rub food on filter paper
Positive result: Paper goes translucent

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13
Q

What does obese mean?

A

Extremely overweight.

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14
Q

When you don’t have enough vitamins or minerals, what are you said to have?

A

A deficiency

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15
Q

What happens when you take in more energy in food than you use up in daily activities?

A

You gain weight

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16
Q

What are the folds in the small intestine called?

A

Villi

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17
Q

List the organs that food moves through in the digestive system (in order)

A

Mouth
Oesophagus (gullet)
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

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18
Q

In what part of the digestive system are nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream?

A

Small intestine

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19
Q

In what part of the digestive system is the excess water absorbed?

A

Large intestine

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20
Q

How are the villi adapted to aid digestion?

A
  • They provide a large surface area
  • They have a close network of capillaries to take away the nutrients
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21
Q

Name the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

A

Carbohydrase

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22
Q

Name the enzyme that breaks down protein

A

Protease

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23
Q

Name the enzyme that breaks down lipids (fats)

A

Lipase

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24
Q

What does carbohydrase break down carbohydrates into?

A

Sugar

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25
Q

What does protease break down protein into?

A

Amino acids

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26
Q

What does lipase break down lipids into?

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

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27
Q

Which type of enzyme starts to work in the mouth?

A

Carbohydrase

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28
Q

Which type of enzyme works in the stomach?

A

Protease

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29
Q

Which types of enzymes work in the small intestine?

A

All three:

  • Carbohydrase
  • Protease
  • Lipase
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30
Q

What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?

A

They denature

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31
Q

Name the part of the digestive system labelled A

A

Mouth

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32
Q

Name the part of the digestive system labelled B

A

Oesophagus

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33
Q

Name the part of the digestive system labelled C

A

Stomach

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34
Q

Name the part of the digestive system labelled D

A

Small intestine

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35
Q

Name the part of the digestive system labelled G

A

Large intestine

36
Q

What are living things made up of many cells called?

A

Multicellular organisms

37
Q

What is the definition of a tissue?

A

A group of similar cells working together to perform a certain function

38
Q

Order the following terms from smallest to largest: “tissue”, “organ”, “organ system”, “cell”

A

cell –> tissue –> organ –> organ system

39
Q

What is the definition of an organ?

A

A group of tissues that work together to perform a certain function

40
Q

In which organ does gas exchange take place?

A

Lungs

41
Q

Name the organ system in the image

A

Circulatory system

42
Q

Name the organ system in the image

A

Nervous system

43
Q

Name the organ system in the image

A

Skeletal system

44
Q

Name the organ system in the image

A

Digestive system

45
Q

Name the organ system in the image

A

Respiratory System

46
Q

Name the organ system in the image

A

Urinary system

47
Q

Name the organ system in the image

A

Reproductive systems

48
Q

Name part C in the image

A

Trachea (wind pipe)

49
Q

Name the tubes labelled part D in the image

A

bronchi

50
Q

Name the tubes labelled part G in the image

A

bronchioles

51
Q

Name the air sacs labelled F in the image

A

alveoli

52
Q

Name part H in the image

A

diaphragm

53
Q

In what three ways are the alveoli adapted for gas exchange?

A

1) Moist, thin walls 2) Close network of blood vessels 3) Large surface area

54
Q

In what order does air travel through these body parts when we breathe in? “bronchioles”, “bronchus”, “alveoli”, “trachea”

A

trachea –> bronchus –> bronchioles –> alveoli

55
Q

What is the scientific word for ‘breathe in’?

A

inhale

56
Q

What is the scientific word for ‘breathe out’

A

exhale

57
Q

Complete the sentence… The air we breathe out has _____ oxygen than the air we breathe in

A

less

58
Q

Complete the sentence… The air we breathe out has _____ carbon dioxide than the air we breathe in

A

more

59
Q

The air we breathe in contains approximately 21% of what gas?

A

oxygen

60
Q

The air we breathe in contains approximately 0.04% of what gas?

A

carbon dioxide

61
Q

The air we breathe in contains approximately 80% of what gas?

A

Nitrogen

62
Q

In what direction does the diaphragm move when you breathe in?

A

it moves down

63
Q

In what direction does the diaphragm move when you breathe out?

A

it moves up

64
Q

What happens to the volume inside your chest when you breathe in?

A

It increases

65
Q

What are the four main functions of the skeleton?

A

1) support the body 2) protect organs 3) movement 4) make blood cells

66
Q

Where in your bones are blood cells made?

A

Bone marrow

67
Q

What are the three types of joints called?

A

1) hinge 2) ball and socket 3) fixed

68
Q

Name the tissue that covers the end of bones to stop them rubbing together

A

cartilage

69
Q

Name the tissue that joins bone to bone

A

ligament

70
Q

Why is there fluid in some joints?

A

To reduce friction and allow the bones to move freely

71
Q

Name the tissue that attaches muscle to bone

A

tendon

72
Q

What do you call a pair of muscles that work together to allow movement?

A

Antagonistic muscles

73
Q

In order to bend the arm, if the bicep contracts, what does the tricep do?

A

relax

74
Q

Name the three main organs in plants

A

1) stem 2) leaf 3) root

75
Q

What is the function of the stem in a plant?

A

To support the leaves and flowers

76
Q

What is the function of the leaves in a plant?

A

To absorb light

77
Q

What is the function of the roots of a plant?

A

To absorb water and minerals

78
Q

Give an example of a hinge joint

A

elbow or knee

79
Q

Give an example of a ball and socket joint

A

shoulder or hip

80
Q

What is the scientific word for the thigh bone?

A

femur

81
Q

What is the scientific word for the backbone?

A

spine

82
Q

What is the scientific word for the air sacs?

A

Alveoli

83
Q

What is the scientific word for the windpipe?

A

Trachea

84
Q

Name the process that takes place in cells that uses up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide

A

respiration

85
Q

Name three different types of tissue

A

Examples include: - connective - muscle - bone

Year 8 (Ukrainian version) (7 decks)

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