Human Body And Chemistry

Question 1

Define Anatomy

Answer 1

Structure, body parts and their relationship to each other

Question 2

Define Physiology

Answer 2

Function, how the body works

Question 3

Identify the structural levels of the body from Chemical to Organisim level

Answer 3

Chemical, 
Cellular, 
Tissue,
Organ, 
Organ System,
Organisim,

Question 4

Describe this body function and it’s structures

Endocrine

Answer 4

Glands secrets hormones

Regulates body processes such as growth, reproduction and metabolism

Question 5

Describe the body function and structure of Cardiovascular

Answer 5

Made up of heart and blood vessels.

Blood vessels transports blood which carry’s nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide and wastes

Question 6

Describe the structure and function of the Lymphatic system

Answer 6

Made up of Lymphatic nodes, Lymphatic vessels,Thymus, Thoracic duct, Bone marrow, Spleen
Returns leaked body fluids to the blood
Protects the body against foreign substances

Question 7

Describe the structure and function of the Respiratory system

Answer 7

Lungs, Trachea, Pharynx, Larynx, Bronchus and Nasal Cavity

Adds oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from blood

Question 8

Describe the structure and function of the Digestive system

Answer 8

Liver, stomach, small and large intestine, anus, rectum, esophagous, oral cavity

Breaks down and absorbs nutrients from food

Question 9

Describe the structure and function of the Urinary system

Answer 9

Kidneys, ureter, urethra, bladder

Question 10

Describe the structure and function of the Reproductive system

Answer 10

Male - prostate, penis, testis, scrotum, ductus deferents
Female - Uterine, uterus, mammary glands, vagina, ovary

Produces sex cells and hormones. Where feral and milk production occur.

Question 11

What are the functional characteristics to maintain life?

Answer 11

Maintaining boundaries - Every organ has boundaries
Metabolism - Using up energy, making energy, breaking down and adding nutrients
Movement - Reflexes, blood cells, nerve messages, muscular system
Responsiveness - Nerves, cells, brain
Digestion - Breakdown food to glucose, digestive system
Excretion - Taking in nutrients, eliminating waste and carbon dioxide
Reproduction - Reproduce, Producing offspring
Growth - Growth from child, regulating growth, mitosis dividing of cells.

Question 12

Anatomical and directional terms used to describe the location of organs

Answer 12

Superior - Eyes are superior to your nose (higher or above)
Inferior - Nose is inferior to your eyes (below or lower)
Medial - Nose is medial to your ears (middle of the body)
Lateral - Ears are lateral to your nose (away from the middle)
Proximal - Elbow is proximal to your wrist (where limb attaches to the torso)
Distal - Wrist is distal from your elbow (further from the torso)
Anterior - Nose is anterior to your ears (front of body)
Posterior - Ears are posterior to your nose (back of body)
Superficial - Skin is superficial to your muscles (closer to the surface)
Deep - Muscles are deep to your skin (internal)

Question 13

Describe the types of matter

Answer 13

Solid - Rigid, fixed shape, fixed volume

Liquid - Not rigid, no fixed shape, fixed volume

Air - Not rigid, no fixed shape, no fixed volume

Question 14

Define Energy

Answer 14

Ability to makes things happen and the capacity to do work

Question 15

Describe the components of an atom

Answer 15

Protons, electrons, neutrons

Question 16

What is an atomic number?

Answer 16

The number of protons determines an elements atomic number

Question 17

What is an atomic mass?

Answer 17

The number of protons and neutrons determine an elements mass number

Question 18

What are the 3 chemical bonds?

Answer 18

Covalent - Sharing of electrons between atoms

Hydrogen - Weak attraction between water molecules and other molecules

Ionic - Complete transfer of electrons to one atom to another

Question 19

What are the differences between acids and bases?

Answer 19

Acidic - Lower ph, more hydrogen ions, less hydroxyl ions

Bases - More hydroxyl ions, less hydrogen ions

Question 20

Explain the concept of ph?

Answer 20

Measures Hydrogen in solutions

Question 21

What are the 3 main organic compounds?

Answer 21

Carbs - Disaccharides, monosaccharides, polysaccharides

Lipids - Fatty acids, glycerol

Protein - Ammino acids

Question 22

Difference between Cations and Anions?

Answer 22

Anion - Atom or molecule that is negatively charged

Cation - Atom or molecule that is positively charged

Question 23

Difference between an Atom and an Isotope

Answer 23

Are atoms with the same atomic number, same symbol, same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons.