Human Body

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

a usually microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed by a semipermeable membrane and, in plants, a cell wall; the basic structural unit of all organisms.

Question 2

Cell Theory

Answer 2

A basic tenet of modern biology, that cells are the basic units of structure and function in living organisms

Question 3

Organelles

Answer 3

any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell

Question 4

Cell Wall

Answer 4

a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material

Question 6

Cell Membrane

Answer 6

the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell

Question 7

Nuclear Membrane

Answer 7

the double membrane surrounding the nucleus within a cell

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells

Question 9

Necleolus

Answer 9

a small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase

Question 10

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 10

a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane

Question 11

Chloroplast

Answer 11

a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place

Question 12

Cytoplasm

Answer 12

the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus

Question 13

Vacuole

Answer 13

a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid

Question 14

Mitochondria

Answer 14

an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur

Question 15

Lysosomes

Answer 15

an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane

Question 16

Golgi Body

Answer 16

a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport

Question 17

Pseudopod

Answer 17

a temporary protrusion of the protoplasm, as of certain protozoans, usually serving as an organ of locomotion or prehension

Question 18

Amoeba

Answer 18

a single-celled animal that catches food and moves about by extending fingerlike projections of protoplasm

Question 19

Cilia

Answer 19

minute hairlike organelles, identical in structure to flagella, that line the surfaces of certain cells and beat in rhythmic waves, providing locomotion to ciliate protozoans and moving liquids along internal epithelial tissue in animals

Question 20

Paramecium

Answer 20

a single-celled freshwater animal that has a characteristic slipperlike shape and is covered with cilia

Question 21

Volvox

Answer 21

a green, single-celled aquatic organism that forms minute, free-swimming spherical colonies

Question 22

Euglena

Answer 22

a green, single-celled, freshwater organism with a flagellum, sometimes forming a green scum on stagnant water

Question 23

Flagella

Answer 23

a slender threadlike structure, especially a microscopic whiplike appendage that enables many protozoa, bacteria, spermatozoa, etc., to swim

Question 24

Eye Spot

Answer 24

a light-sensitive pigmented spot on the bodies of invertebrate animals such as flatworms, starfishes, and microscopic crustaceans, and also in some unicellular organisms

Question 25

Fracture

Answer 25

the cracking or breaking of a hard object or material

Question 26

Organelles

Answer 26

any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell

Question 27

Cell Wall

Answer 27

a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose

Question 28

Nucleus

Answer 28

a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material

Question 29

Cell Membrane

Answer 29

the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell

Question 30

Nuclear Membrane

Answer 30

the double membrane surrounding the nucleus within a cell

Question 31

Ribosomes

Answer 31

a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells

Question 32

Necleolus

Answer 32

a small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase

Question 33

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 33

a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane

Question 34

Chloroplast

Answer 34

a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place

Question 35

Cytoplasm

Answer 35

the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus

Question 36

Vacuole

Answer 36

a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid

Question 37

Mitochondria

Answer 37

an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur

Question 38

Lysosomes

Answer 38

an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane