Human Body Flashcards
What are the 3 main parts of a cell
Cell membrane
Nucleus (chromosomes)
Cytoplasm (other organelles)
What is the basic unit of structure and function
A cell
What is different cells working together
Tissue
Types of tissue
Muscle,nerve,connective,and epithelial
Muscle tissue
Has the ability to contract or shorten
Connective tissue
Provides support and unites body parts
Nerve tissue
Carries messages back and forth between the brain and spinal cord to every part of the body
Epithelial tissue
Protective surface inside and outside of the body
What are organs
A structure made up of different tissues working to perform a job
What are organ systems
A group of organs that work together to perform a major function
What is homeostasis
The process by witch an organisms internal environment is kept stable
What is stress
The reaction of your body and mind to a threatening event
What is the fight or flight response
Reactions of the body that prepare you to either fight or escape
What does long term stress do
Disturb homeostasis
Can lead to other problems
Many ways to help cope with stress
How many bones are there in our bodies
206
What are the bones in are bodies held together by
Ligaments
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system
- It provides shape and support
- along with muscles allows for movement
- protects internal organs
- stores important materials like calcium phosphorous
- produces blood cells
What is ossification
Process by witch the cartilage disappears and is replaced by bone
What is a joint
Any place where 2 bones meet
What is a ligament
Connective tissue that connects bone to bone
What are the 2 main types of joints
Immovable and movable
What are examples of immovable joints
The joints of the skull
What are the 4 types of moveable joints
Hinge, ball and socket,gliding,and pivot joints
How does the ball and socket joint move
Move freely in a circle ex.hip,shoulder
How does the hung joint move
Movement forward and backward in 1 direction ex:knee elbow
How does the pivot joint move
Allows one bone to rotate around another ex:elbow skull and neck
How does the gliding joint move
Allows one bone to slide over another ex:wrist ankle
What are 3 important materials for healthy bones
Calcium phosphorous and iron
What is osteoporosis
A condition in which the bone become weak and break easily
All of your jones are attached to ___
Muscles which are made of long thing fibers
What do muscle fibers give muscle tissue the ability to?
Contract
Typed of muscles?
Skeletal,smooth,cardiac
What are tendons
Connective tissue that connects muscles to bones
Describe skeletal muscles
They are attached to bones they appear striped sometimes called striated and they are voluntary they react very quickly and also tire very easily
Describe smooth muscles
They contract without you telling them they appear smooth sometimes called involuntary and they control digestion and breathing they are found in the walls of blood vessels and they react and tire slowly
Describe cardiac muscles
Found only in heart they appear striped with many nuclei they are involuntary and never tire
An example of a muscle pair in the body is
Biceps witch are in the front on the upper arm and triceps witch are in the back on the lower arm
What happens to your biceps and triceps when you bend and flex your elbow
Biceps contract they are flexors and triceps relax
Muscles work only by? Therefor they must work in ?
Pulling,pairs
In order to contract muscle fibers need?
Energy,oxygen, signal that trains the brain
Functions of the skin?
Prevents water loss Protects injury Eliminates waste Gathers information Produces vitamin D
What are the 2 main layers of skin
Epidermis and dermis
To take care of your skin you should
- eat properly
- drink plenty of water
- limit exposure to the sun
- keep skin clean and dry
Skin problems?
Cancer
Acne
Athletes foot
Pore
Tiny opening of the skins surface
Epidermis
Dead outer layer of skin
Dermis
Living lower layer of skin
Spongy bone
Strong lightweight bone with many holes
Compact bone
Hard part of bone made up of living cells protein fibers and minerals
Marrow
He soft tissue that fills the internal spaces in bone where new blood cells are made
Involuntary muscle
Muscle tissue that is not under conscious control happens automatically
Connective tissues that is more flexible than bone and gives support to some parts of the body
Cartilage
