Human body Flashcards
Levels of Structural Organization
atoms, molecules, organelles, Tissue
Organ, Organ system, Organism
Anatomy
study of structure
Physiology
study of body functions
The 11 Systems
Neural, endocrine, muscular, skeletal, cardiovascular, integumentary, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive
Superior
closer to the head
Inferior
away from the head
Anterior
toward the front
Posterior
toward the back
Ventral
toward the belly
Dorsal
toward the back
Superficial
closer to the surface
Deep
away from the surface
Medial
toward the midline
Lateral
away from the midline
Proximal
closer to torso
Distal
away from torso
Sagittal
divides the body into right and left halves
Frontal or coronal
divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
Transverse or horizontal
divides the body into superior and inferior parts
Dorsal cavity
Cranial cavity is within the skull and encases the brain
Spinal cavity runs within the vertebral column and encases the spinal cord
Ventral cavity
houses the internal organs (viscera)
- thoracic
- abdominopelvic (peritoneal)
Thoracic cavity
Pleural cavities – each houses a lung
Mediastinum – contains the pericardial cavity, and surrounds the remaining thoracic organs
Pericardial cavity – encloses the heart
Serous Membrane
a) Visceral layer – inner
b) Parietal layer – outer
Pleura : pleural cavity (lung)
Pericardium: pericardial cavity (heart)
Peritoneum: peritoneal cavity (abdominal organs)
