Human biology Flashcards
Can become neutral again by attracting a free electron
Ionized atoms
Study of the effects of ionizing radiation on biologic tissue
Radiobiology
Can be mended by repair enzymes
Molecules
Radiation response increases in SEVERITY with increasing radiation dose;
Occurs within days after the radiation exposure.
Deterministic effect
Radiation interaction at the atomic level results ________ which can produce a cell that is deficient in terms of normal growth and metabolism.
Molecular change
If the incidence of the radiation response increases with increasing radiation does it is called ____.
Not observed for months or years.
Stochastic effect
Its goal is to accurately describe the effect of radiation on humans so that radiation can be used more safely in diagnosis and more effectively in therapy.
Radiobiologic research
Human body is composed of ____.
Atoms
Atomic composition of the body
-hydrogen 60.0%
-25.7% oxygen
-10.7% carbon
-2.4 nitrogen
-0.2% calcium
-0.1% phosphorus
-0.1% sulfur
-0.8% trace elements
Molecular composition of the body
-80% water
-15% proteins
-2% lipids
-1% carbohydrates
-1% nucleic acid
It is the most abundant molecular constituent of the body.
It consists of two atoms of hydrogen and 1 atom of oxygen and constitutes approximately 80% of human substance.
Water
It is the breaking down into smaller pieces of macromolecules
Catabolism
These are end products of catabolism
Water and carbon dioxide
It’s the production of large molecules from small
Anabolism
Approximately 15% of the molecular composition of the body.
Are long-chain macromolecules that consist of linear sequence of AMINO ACIDS
Proteins
Proteins are long-chain macromolecules consist of a linear sequence of amino acids connected by ____.
Peptide bonds
How many amino acids are used in protein synthesis?
Twenty-two
____ is very high in protein content.
Muscles
Provide structure and support.
Also function as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies
Proteins
Molecules that are necessary in small quantities to allow biochemical reaction to continue even though they do not directly enter into the reaction.
Enzymes
Molecules that exercise regulatory control over some body functions, such as growth and development .
Produced and secreted by endocrine gland.
Hormones
Constitute a primary defense mechanism of the body against infection and disease.
Antibodies
The molecular configuration of an antibody may be precise and designed for attacking a particular type of an invasive or infectious, the ______.
Antigen
Organic macromolecules composed solely of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Lipids
