Human Anatomy Terms Pt. 3 Flashcards
Part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate.
Axial Skeleton
Portion of the skeleton of vertebrates consisting of the bones that support the appendages.
Appendicular Skeleton
Dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts, leaving only tiny spaces that contain the osteocytes, or bone cells.
Compact Bone
Spicules form a latticework, with interstices filled with embryonic connective tissue or bone marrow.
Spongy Bone
Hard, dense bones that provide strength, structure, and mobility
Long Bones
Primary function is to provide support and stability with little to no movement.
Short Bones
Principal function is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment.
Flat Bones
Any of a group of bones having peculiar or complex forms, such as the vertebrae.
Irregular Bones
Shaft or central part of a long bone.
Diaphysis
Dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.
Periosteum
Rounded end of a long bone, at its joint with adjacent bone.
Epiphyseal Line
Break or splinter of the bone into more than two fragments.
Comminuted Fracture
Occurs when the bone collapses, particularly in short bones such as the vertebrae in the spine.
Compression Fracture
Fracture especially of the skull in which the fragment is depressed below the normal surface.
Depressed Fracture
Fracture in which one of the fragments is driven into another fragment.
Impacted Fracture
Fracture that collapses a spinal vertebra as a result of the compression of bone, leading to collapse of the vertebrae much like a sponge collapses under the pressure of one’s hand.
Spinal Fracture
Fracture of the bone, occurring typically in children, in which one side of the bone is broken and the other only bent.
Greenstick Fracture
Solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues.
Hematoma
The skull, especially the part enclosing the brain.
Cranium
Trapezoidal-shaped bone found at the lower-back area of the cranium.
Occipital Bone
Another term for spinal column.
Vertebral Column
Backbone
Vertebrae
Situated between vertebrae.
Invertetebral Discs
The seven cylindrical bones, or vertebral bodies (C1-C7), that provide support and structure for the cervical spine.
Cervical Vertevrae
Twelve bones of the backbone to which the ribs are attached.
Thoratic Vertevrae
Vertebrae situated between the thoracic vertebrae above and the sacrum below that in humans are five in number.
Lumbar Vertevrae
Triangular bone in the lower back formed from fused vertebrae and situated between the two hipbones of the pelvis.
Sacrum
Small, triangular bone at the base of the spinal column in humans and some apes, formed of fused vestigial vertebrae.
Coccyx
Breastbone
Sternum
Small open boat with a fiberglass hull and inflatable rubber sides.
Ribs
Collarbone
Clavicle
Shoulder blade
Scapula
Bone of the upper arm or forelimb, forming joints at the shoulder and the elbow.
Humerus
Thicker and shorter of the two bones in the human forearm.
Radius
Thinner and longer of the two bones in the human forearm, on the side opposite to the thumb.
Ulna
Eight small bones that make up the wrist that connects the hand to the forearm.
Carpal Bones
Bony structure near the base of the spine to which the legs are attached.
Pelvic Bones
Enclosing structure formed by the pelvis, providing attachment for the hind limbs or pelvic fins.
Pelvic Girdle
Bone of the thigh or upper hind limb, articulating at the hip and the knee.
Femur
Inner and typically larger of the two bones between the knee and the ankle, parallel with the fibula.
Tibia
Outer and usually smaller of the two bones between the knee and the ankle in humans, parallel with the tibia.
Fibula
