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BIOLOGY LECTURE > Human Anatomy ang Physiology with Pathophysiology > Flashcards

Human Anatomy ang Physiology with Pathophysiology Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

to dissect or cut apart, and separate the parts of the body

A

anatomy

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2
Q

a scientific discipline that investigates the structure of the body

A

anatomy

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3
Q

the relationship between the structure of a body part and its function

A

anatomy

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4
Q

what are the different levels to study anatomy?

A

developmental anatomy
systematic anatomy
regional anatomy
surface anatomy
anatomical imaging

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5
Q

involves the use of X-rays, ultrasounds, MRI, and other technologies to create pictures of internal structure.

A

anatomical imaging

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6
Q

allows medical personnel to look inside the body with amazing accuracy and without the trauma and risk of exploratory surgery.

A

anatomical imaging

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7
Q

involves looking at the exterior of the body to visualize structures deeper inside the body.

A

surface anatomy

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8
Q

major goals for studying physiology

A
  • to understand and predict the body’s responses to stimuli
  • predicts the body’s response to stimuli and understand how the body maintains conditions within a narrow range of values in a constantly changing environment
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9
Q

what are the characteristics of life

A

responsiveness
metabolism
organization
growth
development
differential
reproduction

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10
Q

medical science dealing with all aspects of disease, with an emphasis to the cause and development of abnormal conditions as well as the structural and functional changes from disease.

A

pathophysiology

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11
Q

it examines the processes occurring in cell such as energy production from food

A

cell physiology

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12
Q

considers the function of an organ system

A

systemic physiology

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13
Q

a study of how the body and its part work or function

A

physiology

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14
Q

a scientific discipline that deals with the processes of function of living things

A

physiology

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15
Q

what are the levels to study physiology?

A

cell physiology
systemic physiologyh

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16
Q

the changes of an organism undergoes through time, beginning the fertilization and ending at death.

A

development

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17
Q

it is the changes in the structure and function from an immature generalized state to a mature specialized state.

A

differentiation

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18
Q

the formation of new cells or new organisms

A

reproduction

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19
Q

it refers to the specific relationship of the many individual parts of an organism, from cell organelles to organs, interacting and working together

A

organization

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20
Q

the ability to use energy to perform vital function such as growth, movement, and reproduction.

A

metabolism

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21
Q

the ability of an organism to sense changes in the environment and make adjustments to help maintain its life.

A

responsiveness

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22
Q

it refers to an increase in size of all or part of the organism; can result from an increase in cell size, or the amount of substance surrounding cells.

A

growth

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23
Q

it is a dynamic state of equilibrium

A

homeostasis

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24
Q

it means “the same”

A

homeo

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25
Q

it means “stop; stand still”

A

stasis

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26
Q

the existence of maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body despite fluctuations in either the external and internal environment

A

homeostasis

27
Q

a disruption of homeostasis in the body which can be caused by environmental factors, genetics, lifestyles, toxins and many other factors.

A

homeostatic imbalance

28
Q

what are the two feedback control mechanism

A

positive feedback mechanism
negative feedback mechanism

29
Q

a set point - ideal value for a physiological parameter

A

homeostatic imbalance

30
Q

conditions that change as temperature, volume and chemical content

A

variable

31
Q

what are the two basic principles about homeostatic mechanism

A
  1. Many disease states result from the failure of negative feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis
  2. Some positive feedback mechanisms can be detrimental instead of helpful.
32
Q

it monitors the value of variable by detecting stimuli

A

receptor

33
Q

it determines the set point for the variable and receives input from the receptor about the variable

A

control center

34
Q

it can change the value of the variable when directed by the control center

A

effector

35
Q

what are the 3 important components of negative feedback mechanism

A

receptor
control center
effector

36
Q

it is more common and helps the body maintain homeostasis

A

negative feedback mechanism

37
Q

it is when a deviation from the set point is made smaller or resisted

A

negative feedback mechanism

38
Q

it occurs when the initial stimulus further stimulates the response

A

positive feedback mechanism

39
Q

the body is studied by region

A

regional anatomy

40
Q

it involves looking at the exterior of the body to visualize structures deeper inside the body

A

surface anatomy

41
Q

what are the 11 organ system in the body?

A

integumentary
nervous
skeletal
muscular
endocrine
lymphatic
cardiovascular
respiratory
digestive
urinary
reproductive

42
Q

a study of tissues

A

histology

43
Q

it is the subspecialty od developmental anatomy, consider changes from conception to adulthood.

A

embryology

44
Q

it studies the structural features of the cell

A

cytology

45
Q

it studies the structure that can be examined without the aid of microscope

A

gross anatomy

46
Q

it is the structural changes that occur between conception and adulthood

A

developmental anatomy

47
Q

the body is studied by system

A

systematic anatomy

48
Q

name the structural organization of the body

A

chemical
cellular
tissue
organ
organ system
organism

49
Q

atoms combine to form molecule

A

chemical

50
Q

molecules forms organelles

A

cell

51
Q

similar cells and surrounding materials make up tissues

A

tissue

52
Q

different tissues combine to form organs

A

organs

53
Q

organs make up an organs system

A

organ system

54
Q

organs make up an organism

A

organism

55
Q

can be viewed from the posterior view of the body. It is divided into 2 portions.

A

dorsal cavity

56
Q

located in the upper portion of the body, contains the brain.

A

cranial cavity

57
Q

located in the lower portion of the body, contains the spinal cord.

A

vertebral cavity

58
Q

it contains the urinary bladder, the rest of the large intestine (the lower portion), and the internal reproductive organs

A

pelvic cavity

59
Q

it contains the stomach, liver, pancreas, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, small intestine, and most of the large intestine.

A

abdominal cavity

60
Q

located in the anterior- chest area, contains the heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, large blood vessels, and nerves. It is bound laterally by the ribs

A

Thoracic cavity

61
Q

can be viewed from the anterior view of the body. It is divided into 2 portions

A

ventral cavity

62
Q

are spaces that contain the internal organs.

A

body cavities

63
Q

what are the two main body cavities

A

ventral and dorsal cavity

BIOLOGY LECTURE (1 decks)

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