Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Hubs191 > Flashcards

Hubs191 Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 basic types of tissue make up the body?

A

Epithelial Tissue, Connective tissue, Muscle and Nervous Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Functions of the Epithelial Tissue?

A
  • Provide physical protection (covers exposed surfaces)
  • Control permeability
  • Provide sensation
  • Produce specialised secretions (lines internal passageways and chambers)
  • Forms secretory glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Epithelial Tissue Includes?

A

Epithelia, Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Connective Tissue subcategories?

A
  • Connective Tissue Proper
  • Fluid Connective Tissue
  • Supporting Connective Tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the Muscle tissue subcategories?

A

-Skeletal Muscle Tisssue
-Cardiac Muscle Tissue
-Smooth Muscle Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Functions of Epithelial Tissue?

A

-Covers exposed surfaces
-Lines internal passageways and chambers
- Forms secretory glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a tissue?

A

A group of cells that have similar structure that function together as a unit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the study of tissues called?

A

Histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Role of the Nervous Tissue/

A
  • Conducts electrical impulses
  • Carries information
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are glands?

A

Organised groups of cells or organs that contain epithelial-derived cells that synthesise substances for secretion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 2 types of glands?

A

Exocrine glands and Endocrine glands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Role of exocrine glands?

A

Secrete onto external surfaces or into internal passageways (ducts) that connect to the exterior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Role of endocrine glands?

A

Secrete hormones (chemical messagers) or their inactive precursors into the interstitial fluid that then enter the bloodstream for distribution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Write the muscle tissue percentages

A

MT=50%
CT=45%
ET=3%
NT=2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which tissue includes blood and lymph?

A

Connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What tissue forms glands

A

Epithelial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What tissue allows information to be quickly sent around the body?

A

Nervous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What tissue is divided into skeletal, cardiac, and smooth?

A

Muscle tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anterior

A

Close to the front

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Posterior

A

Close to the back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Superior

A

Closer to the top of head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Medial

A

Closer to the midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Inferior

A

Further away from the top of head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Lateral

A

Further away from midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Proximal

A

Another term for close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Distal

A

Another term for further away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Sagittal (shark fin)

A

Back and forward movements eg.

28
Q

Coronal (crown)

A

Side to side movements

29
Q

Transverse (bagel)

A

rotating movements

30
Q

Flexion

A

Decreases angle, fleshy parts of limb brought closer together

31
Q

Extension

A

Increases angle

32
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Toes to the face (ankle flextion)

33
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Toes to the ground (ankle extension)

34
Q

Abduction

A

Movement at joint moves limb away from midline

35
Q

Adduction

A

Movement at joint moves towards midline

36
Q

Circumduction

A

Combination of four movements

37
Q

Rotation

A

Rotation around the long axis of a joint

38
Q

Pronation

A

Palm faces posterior

39
Q

Supination

A

Palm faces anterior and forearm bones are parallel

40
Q

Functions of the skeleton

A
  • Support
  • Movement
  • Protection
  • Storage
  • Red blood cell info
41
Q

Name the 2 types of bone tissue

A

Compact bone, cancellous

42
Q

Name the different bone classes

A

Long bone, short bone, flat bone and irregular bone

43
Q

Axial Skeleton

A
  • Bones of the core (Skull, sternum, ribs, vertebral, column, sacrum, coccyx)
  • protection of vital organs
44
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A
  • Bones of the limbs
  • Most important for movement
45
Q

Name the vertebral column divisions and the number

A

Cervical 7, Thoracic 12, Lumbar 5, Sacrum and coccyx

46
Q

What bone is the Humerus/Femur

A

Single proximal long bone

47
Q

What bones are the Ulna and Radius/ Tibia and Fibula

A

Two distal long bones

48
Q

Bones in the hand

A
  • carpals (8)
  • Metacarpals (5)
  • Phalanges (14- only 2 in the thumb)
49
Q

Bones in the foot

A
  • Tarsals (7)
  • Metatarsals (5)
  • Phalanges (14)
50
Q

How do the limbs attach to the axial skeleton?

A

Pectoral (shoulder) girdle and Pelvic girdle

51
Q

What makes up the pectoral girdle?

A

Clavicle and Scapula

52
Q

What makes up the Pelvic girdle?

A

Hip bones ( ilium, pubis, ischium) , sacrum, and coccyx

53
Q

Difference between biological male and female pelvic anatomy?

A
  • Pelvic cavity of biological females more circular
  • Pelvic outlet more open in biological females
54
Q

The skull includes:

A

Cranium, facial bones, cranial bones

55
Q

Bone has 2 extracellular components:
Write the percentages along with it.

A

Organic (33%) and Inorganic (67%)

56
Q

Name the 4 different cells in bone:

A
  • Osteogenic cells
  • Osteoblasts
  • Osteocytes
  • Osteoclasts
57
Q

Osteon

A

Provide a pathway for nutrients to get cells in the ECM

58
Q

Central canal

A

Contains blood vessel and nerves

59
Q

Lamellae

A

A series of cylinders formed of ECM around the central canal

60
Q

Lacunae

A

Lakes for osteocytes

61
Q

Canaliculi

A

Channels for nutrients through ECM

62
Q

Bone remodelling

A
  • Allows bones to grow (appositional growth)
  • Osteoblasts add bone matrix in lamellae
  • Osteoclasts remove bone from medullary cavity
63
Q

Bone homeostasis

A
  • Balance of OB and OC activity
  • Bone is constantly being formed/ destroyed
64
Q

What happens if homeostasis isn’t maintained?

A
  • Body has requirements to maintain homeostasis
  • Get an imbalance in osteoblastic/ osteoclastic activity
65
Q

Osteoporosis

A
  • Loss of cortical bone
  • In cancellous bone trabeculae become thinner
  • Compression fractures of vertebrae
66
Q

Why do only some people get osteoporosis?

A
  • biological females more at risk
  • Lifestyle factors
  • Depends on your start point

Anatomy (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions