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Week 2 > Hubs > Flashcards

Hubs Flashcards

0
Q

Tube running through the middle of osteon

A

Central canal

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1
Q

Cylinder shaped structures in compact bone

A

Osteons

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2
Q

Calcified matrix in osteon

A

Lamellae

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3
Q

Spaces between lamellae

A

Lacunae

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4
Q

Canals connecting osteocytes

A

Canaliculi

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5
Q

Crisscrossing branches in cancellous bone

A

Trabecular

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6
Q

Compact bone resists…

A

Tension

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7
Q

Cancellous bone resists…

A

Compression

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8
Q

Shaft

A

Diaphysis

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9
Q

Where is cancellous bone found?

A

Epiphysis

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10
Q

Define periosteum

A

A fibrous membrane that coats surface of bone

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11
Q

Define endosteum

A

Lines medullary cavity

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12
Q

Define osteoblasts

A

Synthesise extra cellular matrix

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13
Q

Define osteoclasts

A

Break down bone minerals

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14
Q

Define Osteocytes

A

Mature osteoblasts

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15
Q

Where are osteocytes found?

A

In the lacunae, in lamellae

16
Q

What percentage of ECM is organic?

A

33%

17
Q

What percent of ECM is inorganic?

A

67%

18
Q

What is organic matter in ECM?

A

Colleges and ground substance (protoeglycons)

19
Q

What matter makes up inorganic ECM?

A

Hydroxyapatite (mineral salts)

20
Q

Organic component resists…

A

Tension

21
Q

Inorganic component resists…

A

Compression

22
Q

What type of pathology occurs when osteoclasts activity outweighs osteoblasts activity? What structural changes occur in compact and cancellous bone?

A

Osteoporosis. Look up symptoms in book

23
Q

Name three types of fractures

A

Compound, simple, green stick

24
Q

Define a compound fracture

A

Also known as open fracture. Bone penetrates skin and open to the environment

25
Q

Define simple fracture

A

Also known as closed fracture. Broken bone confined to inside the body. Ie opposite of open

26
Q

Define green stick fracture

A

A partial break resulting in splinters. Usually occurs only in children.

27
Q

How many stages of healing are there?

A

4

28
Q

First stage of healing a fracture

A

Haematona (blood clot) formed

29
Q

Second stage of healing a fracture

A

Fibroblasts (make fibres) and chondroblasts (make cartilage) firm a soft callus

30
Q

Third stage of healing a fracture

A

Osteoblasts replace with bone tissue forming a hard callus

31
Q

Last stage of healing a fracture

A

Bone remodelling via osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Week 2 (1 decks)

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