https://www.brainscape.com/decks/new?pack_id=2438554 Flashcards
FBS professionals have different obligations to different things. What are those obligations?
- FBS want to help
- Good intentions not enough problems
How ethics evolve
- history of philosophical thought
- human nature
- law
- applying principles in practice
- culture
- social interaction, pressue
Principle B: Fidelity and responsibility
- psychologists establish relationships of trust wit those with whom they work
- loyal, accountability
Principle C: integrity
-Psychologist seek to promote accuracy, honesty, and truthfulness in science, teaching, and practice of psychology
Principle D: Justice
- Fairness, do not deny service
- psychologists recognize that fairness and justice entitle all persons to access to and benefit from the contributions of psychology and to equal quality in the processes, procedures, and services being conducted by psychologists
Principle E: respect for those rights and dignity
-psychologist respect the dignity and worth of all people, and the rights of individuals to privacy, confidentiality, and self determination, gender, ethnicity
ethical perfection not possible
- situation factors
- insufficient information
- conflicting loyalties
- human frailties
standards
- expectations
- sanctions
- guidelines no sanctions
ethics
-doing right, good
reasonable
-the prevailing professional judgment of psychologists engaged in similar activities in simalr circumstances, given the knowledge the psychologist had or should have had at the time
principles
-statement of values
-fundamental beliefs
reasoning, decision making, behavior
principles
rules of conduct
morals
rules of behavior
conduct
professional behavior
objectivity in the role of forensics expert
- expect to be asked for opinions for which evidence is inadequate
- clear boundaries will minimize this
- success of litigant not first concern
- opinion and supporting data is primary concern
- task: help court with relevant information
contingency
- fees are not allowed
- unethical for testifying experts
avoiding whistleblowing
- clear procedures
- open, effective communications
- tolerate dissent
- transparent (public)
- clear process and documentation
whistleblowing
- serious harm possible without it
- usual channels tried and failed
- likely to result in change
- consequences considered
self examination phase
why were you hired? are you predictable? are you the cheapest? are you the most convenient? are you the best? education, training, experience
role of expert in trial consultancy
expert testimony without specialty training, and training in forensic setting=beyond the scope of competence
role of advocacy in trial consutancy
providing FBS expertise to adversarial process
federal rules of evidence (FRE) met under FRE 702
FRE 702 relevance reliability assist trier of fact jury
ethical decision making
ethical reasoning
obedience to rules
jut reaction
values
judgement about behavior
gut reaction
intuition
personal feelings
novel situations
deontological ethics (aka) duty-based ethics
-rule or duty
would you want to follow these rules yourself?
would you want others to follow these rules?
-rules constrain, behavior, bind one to duty
-ethical behavior is fulfilling your duty
-consequences are minimized
-is this a problem?
ethical reasoning
- complex situation
- multiple options
- professional judgements
obedience to rules
- shared views, values
- explicitness
- open to scrutiny, quesiton
role of competence
- required for effectiveness and usefulness
- education, training, experience
- fundamental human value
- expert testimony without specialty training and training in forensics
- setting+ beyond the scope of competence
Principle A: Beneficence and nonmaleficence
- psychologists strive to benefit those with whom they work and take care to do no harm
- do good, do no harm
respect/dignity
-privacy, confidentiality, self-determinations, culture, ethnicity, gender, religion, orientation
justice
fairness; do not deny service to any
fidelity
sincere, faithful loyal
beneficence
do good
nonmalefecience
do no harm
utilitarianism
- moral value determined by outcome
- moral behavior=happiness
- hedonistic (happiness, pleasure is the goal)
- the greatest good for the greatest number
- consequential (outcomes matter)
- universal (pleasure of others as imp. as individual pleasure)
virtue ethics
k-knowledge, motive (to do good)
- prudence (judgment)
- integrity (honesty)
- respect (regard)
- benevolence (do good)
- good virtues
- rules promote consistency
- rules cannot cover everything
