HTN Pathophysiology Flashcards
BP equals
cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance
Cardiac output equals
stroke volume x HR
What constitues stroke volume
preload
afterload
contractility
pacemaker cells are influenced by what
autonomic nervous system
what is positive chronotropy
sympathetic nervous system increase HR
What is negative chronotropy
parasmpathetic system decrease HR
What is dromotrophy
how quickly signal gets to ventricles
What is negative dromotrophy
decrease conduction velocity
What is positive dromotrophy
increase conduction velocity
Phase 4 action potential of pacemaker cells
Inward Na current
What medication affects phase 4 action potential of heart
Class II beta blockers
Class IV Non DHP CCBs
Phase 0 action potential of pacemaker
Inward Ca
What medication affects phase 0 action potential of heart
Class IV Non DHP CCBs
What is inotropy
how hard the heart pumps out to vasculature
What influences inotropy
preload
afterload
free cystolic calcium
What is preload
amount of blood in the ventricles
What is the frank starling mechanism?
increase in end-diastolic volume increase contractility
What is afterload
the arterial pressure that must be overcome
Primary HTN
combo of risk factors
Secondary HTN
renal disease
adreanl disease
sleep apnea
Drugs that increase BP
Amphetamines
Cocaine
Decongestants
Erythopoiesis stimulating drugs
Immunosuppressants
NSAIDs
systemic steroids
alcohol
appetite suppressants
caffeine
Antidepressants
