HTN Drugs LECTURE - Kruse Flashcards
1
Q
Uses of acetazolamide (3)
A
- Glaucoma
- Acute mountain sickness
- Metabolic alkalosis
2
Q
Uses of furosemide (6)
A
- Edema
- Heart failure
- Hypertension
- Acute renal failure
- Anion overdose
- Hypercalcemia
3
Q
Uses of hydrochlorothiazide (5)
A
- Hypertension
- Heart failure
- Nephrolithiasis
- Nephrogenic D.I.
- Hypocalcemia?
4
Q
Major side effects of HCTZ?
A
- Hyperglycemia (Insulin inhibition)
- Hyperlipidemia
5
Q
Uses of spironolactone (4)
A
- Hyperaldosteronism
- K+ wasting due to other diuretic
- Hirsutism (anti-androgen effects)
- Heart failure
6
Q
Special thing about spironolactone
A
Doesn’t require tubular access to function
7
Q
Uses of amiloride
A
- K+ wasting other diuretic
- Lithium-induced nephrogenic D.I.
8
Q
Uses of ACE inhibitors and ARBs
A
- Hypertension
- Heart failure
- Left ventricular dysfunction
- Prophylaxis of cardiac events
- Nephropathy
9
Q
Adverse effects of ACE inhibitors
A
- Cough
- Angioedema
- Hyperkalemia
- Diabetic HTN
- RAS –> acute renal failure (insuff. perfusion)
- Teratogen (NOT IN PREGNANCY)
10
Q
Adverse effects of ACE inhibitors NOT in ARBs
A
- Cough
- Angioedema
11
Q
3 drugs DEFINITELY contraindicated in pregnancy
A
- ACE inhibitors
- ARBs
- Renin inhibitors (Aliskiren)
12
Q
Explain why vasodilator drugs must be combined with another drug?
A
Compensatory response to decreased arterial pressure:
- Increased sodium reabs. –> H2O reabs.
- Renin release –> increased H2O reabs.
- Increased sympathetics –> inc. art. pressure and increased cardiac output
13
Q
Cautions of Verapamil
A
Non-DHP CCB:
- Causes constipation and peripheral edema
- Do NOT use w/ beta-blocker (heart block)
- Do NOT use w/ conduction problem
14
Q
Uses of hydralazine
A
- Pregnancy (oral) w/ methyldopa
- Heart failure w/ nitrates
- Hypertensive emergencies
15
Q
Uses of beta blockers
A
HTN plus…
- Heart failure - Recent MI - Reduced LV function
