HTN Flashcards
Criteria to diagnose HTN
SBP >130
DBP >80
“Silent killer” asymptomatic
Risk for:
CVD, MI, stroke, HF, kidney disease, retinopathy
Primary vs secondary HTN
Primary unknown cause
Secondary something else caused it
Primary HTN risk factors
SADFEESSS
Smoking
Alcohol
DM
FH
Excess sodium
Ethnicity
Sedentary lifestyle
Socioeconomic status
Stress
HTN clinical manifestations
FEDPAD
Fatigue
Epistaxis
Dizziness
Palpitations
Angina
Dyspnes
Assessment and diagnostic tests
White coat HTN
Hx
Diet (NA)
Labs: UA, BMP, lipids, EKG
Exam:
cardiovascular/neuro/peripheral vascular/abdominal bruit
Management of HTN
Goal
Interventiosn
Goal: normalize BP reduce risk
Lifestyle mod: first line therapy
NA restriction
Reduce ETOH intake
Physical activity
Smoking cessation
Stress management
HTN pharm interventions
Goal
Meds
Goal: <130/80
ACE/ARB: renal system:dry cough
Beta-blockers: hypotension bradycardia (causes)
Diuretics: decrease fluid, hypokalemia, hypovolemia
Pt teaching
Sex SE common
Orthostatic Hypotension
NSAID drug reactions
HTN crisis
> 180/120
Concering in pregnancy
Important to lower BP not too fast
TX of HTN emergency
Med names
Vasodilators:
Nitroglycerin
Sodium nitoprusside
Betablockers:
IV Labetolol
IV meds are rapid: 2-3 mins
Nursing consideration
UOP
BP q2-3 minutes at first
Low activity due to fall risk
Monitor cardiac/resp/neuro
UAP delegation
BP reading
Report high/low readings
Mods for older clients
Goal
Treat
May have
GOAL:<140/90
Dont want to raise too fast (fall risk)
May have isolated systolic HTN
Syncope
Causes
Cardiac or non cardiac
Most common cause: vasovagal
Others:
dehydrates
dysrhythmia
seizure
stroke
med SE
Syncope diagnostic tests
Holter monitor: 24-72 hours shows heart ryhthm
ECG
Echocardiogram
