HTML Tutorial 2: Getting Started with CSS Flashcards
CSS
Used to specify the format and appearance of content on webpages.
modules
A component of CSS that focuses on a particular design topic.
browser styles/user agent styles
A style built into the web browser itself.
user-defined styles
A style defined by the user based on settings made in configuring the browser. Takes precedence over browser styles.
external styles
A style created by the page author and placed into a CSS file and linked to the page. takes precedence over user-defined styles.
embedded styles
A style added to the head of an HTML file. Only applies to the HTML document in which they are created and is not accessible to other documents in the website.
<style>
style rules</style>
inline styles
A style added as attributes of an HTML element. Highest order of precedence, but not considered best practice because it violates one of the basic tenets of HTML: that HTML files should only describe the content and structure of the document and not the design itself.
General syntax of a CSS style rule
selector {
property1: value1;
property2: value2;
style rule
CSS code that sets the display properties of a page element.
browser extensions
An extension to CSS supported by a specific browser.
vendor prefix
The prefix added to a browser extension.
style inheritance
The principle by which style properties are passed from a parent element to its children.
style sheet comments
/*
comment
*/
CSS at-rule
CSS rule that directs how the browser should interpret and parse the CSS code
@import
CSS rule used to import a style sheet file into the current style sheet.
@import url(url);
contextual selector
A selector that specifies the context under which a particular page element is matched
parent element
An element that contains one or more child elements
child elements
An element contained within a parent element.
descendant elements
An element that descends from a parent element within the document hierarchy.
color values
A numeric expression that defines a color.
RGB Triplet
A color value indicating the red, green, and blue values of a color.
hexadecimal number
A number expressed in the base 16 numbering system.
Hue
The tint of a color, represented by a direction on the color wheel.
Saturation
The intensity of a chosen color, ranging from 0% to 100%
Lightness
The brightness of a chosen color, ranging from 0% to 100%.
opacity
A measure of the solidness of a color, ranging from 0 to 1.
Progressive enhancement
A CSS technique in which styles that conform to older standards are entered first with newer standards placed last.
selector patterns
A selector that matches only those elements that correspond to the specified pattern.
Wildcard selector
A selector that matches all elements.
sibling selectors
A selector that matches elements based on the elements that are adjacent to them in the document hierarchy
Typography
The art of designing the appearance of characters and letters on a page
fonts
Definition of the style and appearance of each character in an alphabet
font-stack
A list of fonts defined in the font-family property
specific font
A font that is identified by name.
generic font
A general description of a font face.
serif
A typeface in which a small ornamentation appears at the tail end of each character.
sans-serif
A typeface without any serif ornamentation.
monospace
A typeface in which each character has the same width, often used to display programming code.
cursive
A typeface that mimics handwriting with highly stylized elements and flourishes
fantasy
A highly ornamental typeface used for page decoration
Web-safe fonts
A font that is displayed mostly the same way in all operating systems and on all devices.
web font
A font in which the font definition is supplied to the browser in an external file
Absolute units
Units that are fixed in size regardless of the output devices.
relative units
A unit that is expressed relative to the size of other objects within the web page or relative to the display properties of the device itself.
pixels (px)
A single dot on the output device.
scalable
The principle by which text is resized using relative units.
root em unit (rem)
A relative unit of length that expresses a size relative to the font size of the root element.
viewport units
A relative unit of length that expresses a size relative to the width or height of the browser window.
tracking
A measure of the amount of space between words, set using the word-spacing property.
Leading
A measure of the amount of space between lines of text, set using the line-height property.
hanging indent
A layout in which the first line extends to the left of the block.
list marker
A symbol displayed alongside a list item.
padding space
The part of the box model that extends from the element content to the element border.
border
The part of the box model that surrounds the padding space.
margin space
The part of the box model that surrounds the element border, extending to the next element.
box model
A layout model in which element content is surrounded by padding, border, and margin spaces.
pseudo-class
A classification of an element based on its current status, position, or use in the document.
structural pseudo-class
A pseudo-class based on the element’s location within the structure of the HTML document.
dynamic pseudo-class
A pseudo-class based on the actions of the user within the element.
