HTML Notes

Question 1

Describe caching

Answer 1

Caching is the process of storing recently used information so that a computer can quickly access it if required. A browser, for example, caches search information on your hard drive

Question 2

Whats a typical workflow for implementing a website?

Answer 2

1. brainstorm 2. mockup 3. site organization 4.

Question 3

Why is the home page named index.html?

Answer 3

The home page is called index.html because most web servers look for a default page with the name index. In the event that someone accesses your site without specifying a file name, the server uses index as the default

Question 4

What is a markup language?

Answer 4

A markup language is a language that uses tags to define elements within a document. A tag is a way to indicate what should be displayed on a screen when a page loads

Question 5

What are the differences between HTML4 and HTML5

Answer 5

The differences between html4 and html5 are 1. html5 has a simplified doctype declaration 2. html5 has a canvas element 3. html5 has header and footer elements 4. html5 has the section elements 5. html5 has and elements 6. html5 passed some control to css, eg. no more , and <big> elements</big>

Question 6

What is XHTML?

Answer 6

XHTML is extendable HTML, a more stricter version of HTML

Question 7

What are the differences between XHTML and HTML?

Answer 7

The differences btwn XHTML and HTML are 1. XHTML is written in lower case, while HTML tags can be a mixture 2. All XHTML elements must have an end tag 3. All attributes in XHTML must be quoted 4. XHTML requires that tags are nested correctly

Question 8

Whats the purpose of the element?

Answer 8

The element tells the browser that all of the code within is of HTML type

Question 9

What is the purpose of ?

Answer 9

tells the browser what version of html we want to use, like so,

Question 10

What is ?

Answer 10

is a language attribute that tells the browser which language code to use when interpreting the page, like so,

Question 11

What type of data goes in the section?

Answer 11

The section contains machine code, mostly metadata describing how the page should be displayed, search content, etc

Question 12

What is ?

Answer 12

is an attribute describing the character set encoding for the document, eg

Question 13

What is unicode?

Answer 13

Unicode is a way to assign unique numbers to characters, for the computer to process, since computers only process numbers. The unique number assigned by Unicode is called a code point

Question 14

What is UTF-8?

Answer 14

UTF-8 is a character encoding capable of encoding all possible characters, or code points, in Unicode

Question 15

What is ASCII?

Answer 15

ASCII, American Standard Code for Information Interchange is character-encoding scheme, much like UTF-8. It is being replaced by UTF-8, which includes it (ASCII) as a subset

Question 16

What is the target attribute used for?

Answer 16

The target attribute is used to specify where to open a linked document: _blank opens a new window _self opens the linked document in the same frame it was clicked _parent opens the linked document in the parent frame _top opens the linked document in the full body of the window

Question 17

What is http-equiv?

Answer 17

http-equiv is an attribute that is used by the server to gather information about a page in the http header

Question 18

what does meta http-equiv=’content-type’ content=’type; charset=charset’?

Answer 18

meta http-equiv=’content-type’ content=’type; charset=charset’ indicates the type of data sent to the browser

Question 19

What does http-equiv = ‘X-UA-Compatible’ content=’IE=edge” do?

Answer 19

http-equiv = ‘X-UA-Compatible’ content=’IE=edge” enables developers to specify which IE version the page should be rendered in. Edge tells IE to display the content in the highest mode available

Question 20

what does meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, intial-scale=1” do?

Answer 20

meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, intial-scale=1” enables mobile optimized pages to be displayed correctly on the mobile screen. In other words, viewport meta tag lets you modify the “virtual viewport” of the mobile device to something different than the default, which is to zoom out an a web page

Question 21

in meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, intial-scale=1”, what does width=device-width do?

Answer 21

width=device-width sets the viewport to the physical width of the device’s screen

Question 22

in meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, intial-scale=1”, what does initial-scale=1 do?

Answer 22

initial-scale=1 sets the initial zoom of the webpage to 1, meaning NO zoom

Question 23

what is HTML5 shim?

Answer 23

HTML5 shim is a JavaScript work around that enables browsers below IE9 to support HTML5

Question 24

what does ../ mean?

Answer 24

../ means go back one folder

Question 25

what is a div tag?

Answer 25

A div tag is an html tag that: 1. defines a division or section in an HTML document 2. is used to group block-elements for formatting with css

Question 26

What is the difference between a block-level element and an inline-level element?

Answer 26

A block-level element starts on a new line, and an inline-level element does not

Question 27

What are some HTML authoring best practices?

Answer 27

1. Focus on using clear, semantic code. For example, if you are quoting an author in a book review, use the block element, instead of the paragraph element
2. structure your code consistently throughout your site
3. simplify your code whenever possible
4. Approach initial coding with only the structure and content in mind, not the design