HTML, CSS and Scripting

Question 1

What does the head contain?

Answer 1

Context that does not appear in a browser window

Question 2

What are meta data uses?

Answer 2

• provide a description of the webpage
• provide browser software with links to CSS and JavaScript files
• provide information to search engines
• include key words
• provide information about page creation date

Question 3

Examples of meta data.

Answer 3

< meta name = “description” content = “HCS PowerPoint” >

< meta name = “keywords” content = “HTML, CSS” >

< meta name = “author” content = “ Mr Rankin” >

Question 4

What are disadvantages of meta data?

Answer 4

• some websites ‘overload’ the head with meta tag keywords to improve search result rankings
• therefore meta tags are often ignored by search engines

Question 5

What is CSS styling?

Answer 5

While HTML tells the browser what to display on a page, CSS tells the browser how to display it. It can be:

• internal
• external
• inline

Question 6

Example of CSS.

Answer 6

h1 { colour:blue; font size:12px:}

h1 = selector
colour:blue; / font size:12px: = declaration
colour/font size = property
blue/12px = value

Question 7

What is internal CSS styling?

Answer 7

• used to apply a rule to a single page
• defined in the head section of an HTML page
• placed inside the ….tags

Question 8

What is external CSS styling?

Answer 8

• applies a rule to multiple pages
• internal CSS is a separate file accessed by creating a link within the head of the webpage
• multiple webpages can use the same link to access the stylesheet

Question 9

What as external CSS advantages?

Answer 9

• one change to the style sheet will change all the linked pages
• you can create classes of styles that can be used on many different HTML elements
• consistent look and feel across multiple web pages
• one style sheet can be applied to multiple pages reducing development time

Question 10

What are classes?

Answer 10

Classes operate in a similar way to element IDs. They can be applied across a range of elements. 
The symbol for class selections is “..”
It comes before the name of the class

Question 11

What is scripting client side?

Answer 11

• JavaScript is the main client side scripting language that can be used to create, delete and manipulate HTML elements
• Use and tags to let the browser know that anything contained between these tags is written in JavaScript
• Within these tags you can write JavaScript code of link to an external JavaScript file
• The scripting language needs to be enabled on the client computer
• If a user is conscious of security risks they may switch the scripting facility off

Question 12

What is scripting server side?

Answer 12

• E commerce sites, online multiplayer games and social media sites
• Usually used to provide interactive web sites that interface to databases or other data stores on the server

Question 13

What are advantages of server side?

Answer 13

Ability to customise the response based on the users requirement access rights, or queries into data stores

Question 14

What are the four stages to server side scripting?

Answer 14

1: Server receives data from the client - request to receive a webpage, user completed form entries
2: Validation will occur - form data such as usernames and passwords, email addresses etc checked for validating server side, if data is not valid, server will send message back to client that is then interpreted by the browser software and output on the dynamic webpage
3: Valid data can be used to query a database server side using languages like MySQL
4: After the server executed the query, a result is sent back to the client

Question 15

What does scripting sever side help generate?

Answer 15

Dynamic and database driven web pages/ sites