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lf > HTML/CSS > Flashcards

HTML/CSS Flashcards

1
Q

Where do you put non-visible content about the HTML document?

A

Inside of the head element

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2
Q

Where do you put visible content about the HTML document?

A

Inside of the body element

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3
Q

Where do the < head > and < body >tags go in a valid HTML document?

A

Inside the html tag

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4
Q

What is the purpose of a< !DOCTYPE > declaration?

A

To tell the browser which version of HTML the page is using

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5
Q

Give five examples of HTML element tags.

A

< head >, < title >, < body >, < h1 >, < p >

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6
Q

What is the purpose of HTML attributes?

A

Attributes provide additional information about the contents of an element.

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7
Q

Give an example of an HTML entity (escape character)

A

& trade ; for trademark

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8
Q

How do block-level elements affect the document flow?

A

Each block-level element starts on a new line, and takes up the entire width of whatever line it occupies.

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9
Q

How do inline elements affect the document flow?

A

Each inline element only takes up as much height and width as its element; and can be nested within other blocks.

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10
Q

What are the default width and height of a block-level element?

A

width: entire line
height: size of element

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11
Q

What are the default width and height of an inline element?

A

width: size of element
height: size of element

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12
Q

What is the difference between an ordered list and an unordered list in HTML?

A

Ordered lists are lists where each item in the list is numbered vs an unordered list are lists that begin with bullet

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13
Q

Is an HTML list a block element or an inline element?

A

Block-level element

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14
Q

What HTML tag is used to link to another website?

A

the < a > tag< /a >

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15
Q

What is an absolute URL?

A

An absolute URL starts with the domain name for that site, and can be followed by the path to a specific page. (Links to a website)

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16
Q

What is a relative URL?

A

A relative URL is shorter, but it can only be used to refer to links that reside on the same server as the page that refers them.

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17
Q

How do you indicate the relative link to a parent directory?

A

Use ../ to indicate the folder above the current one, then follow it with the file name.

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18
Q

How do you indicate the relative link to a child directory?

A

Use the name of the child folder, followed by a forward slash.

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19
Q

How do you indicate the relative link to a grand parent directory?

A

Repeat the ../ to indicate that you want to go up two folders (rather than one).

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20
Q

How do you indicate the relative link to the same directory?

A

Just use the file name. (Nothing else is needed.)

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21
Q

What is the purpose of an HTML form element?

A

HTML forms give you a set of elements to collect data from your users.

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22
Q

Give five examples of form control elements.

A

< input >, < label >, < select >, < textarea >, < button >, < fieldset >, < legend >, < datalist >, < output >, < option >

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23
Q

Give three examples oftypeattributes for HTML< input >elements.

A

“text”, “radio”, “checkbox”, “submit”

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24
Q

Is an HTML< input >element a block element or an inline element?

A

inline element

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25
Q

What are the six primary HTML elements for creating tables?

A

< table >, < thead >, < th >, < tbody >, < tr >, < td >

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26
Q

What purpose do the “thead”and”tbody” elements serve?

A

to group table rows into logical sections based on their content

27
Q

Give two examples of data that would lend itself well to being displayed in a table.

A

financial reports, TV schedules, sports results

28
Q

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

A

selector, declaration block, a property and a value

29
Q

In CSS, how do you select elements by theirclassattribute?

A

Input a period (.) character, followed by the class name.

30
Q

In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?

A

Input only the element name

31
Q

In CSS, how do you select an element by itsidattribute?

A

Input a hash (#) character, followed by the id of the element.

32
Q

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

A

RGB Values, Hex Codes, Color names

33
Q

What CSS properties make up the box model?

A

Borders, margins, padding

34
Q

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

A

Margin

35
Q

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

A

Padding

36
Q

What is a pseudo-class?

A
  • Apseudo-classis used to define a special state of an element
  • A pseudo-class acts like an extra value for a class attribute.
37
Q

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

A

to change the style of an element when a user hovers over or clicks on text, or when they have visited a link

38
Q

Name at least two units of type size in CSS.

A

Pixel (px), percentage (%), ems (An em is equivalent to the width of a letter m.)

39
Q

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

A

font-family

40
Q

What is the defaultflex-directionof aflexcontainer?

A

row

41
Q

What is the defaultflex-wrapof aflexcontainer?

A

nowrap (make it fit all in one line)

42
Q

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

A

Div elements are block elements

43
Q

What is the defaultflex-directionof an element withdisplay: flex?

A

Row (left to right)

44
Q

What is thedefaultvalue for thepositionproperty of HTML elements?

A

static positioning

45
Q

How does settingposition: relativeon an element affect document flow?

A

It does not affect document flow

46
Q

How does settingposition: relativeon an element affect where it appears on the page?

A

It appears relative to where it would be on the page; any adjustments is relative to original position

47
Q

How does settingposition: absoluteon an element affect document flow?

A

removes it from the document flow

48
Q

How does settingposition: absoluteon an element affect where it appears on the page?

A

it becomes relative to the parent (any non-static position)

49
Q

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

A

change it to a non-static

50
Q

What are the four box offset properties?

A

top, left, right, bottom

51
Q

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

A

source order, inheritance, specificity, importance

52
Q

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

A

The order that your CSS rules are written in your stylesheet; The styling provided for an element last in your stylesheet is the styling that will ultimately take effect.

53
Q

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

A

inheritance

54
Q

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

A

type (weakest), class, and id selectors (strongest)

55
Q

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

A

it makes debugging more difficult by breaking the natural cascading in your stylesheets

56
Q

What does the transform property do?

A

reposition elements on the page

57
Q

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

A

rotate, skew, translate, scale

58
Q

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

A

The transition CSS property is a shorthand property for transition-property, transition-duration, transition-timing-function, and transition-delay.

59
Q

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule

A

width, height, color

60
Q

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

A

viewport

61
Q

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

A

The points at which a media query is introduced

62
Q

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

A

With percentage, you don’t beed an actual pixel number. It becomes relative to the width/height of a document; more responsive to the change of the document viewport

63
Q

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

A

because of source order.

Cascade rule; the order matters

lf (7 decks)

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