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LFZ > HTML / CSS > Flashcards

HTML / CSS Flashcards

1
Q

Where do you put non-visible content about the HTML document?

A

Between the head tags

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2
Q

Where do you put visible content about the HTML document?

A

Between the body tags

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3
Q

Where do the head and body tags go in a valid HTML document?

A

The head goes at the top of the HTML document. The body tag goes at the bottom of the HTML document, below the head tags

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4
Q

What is the purpose of a Doctype declaration?

A

Declaration to tell a browser which version of HTML the page is using

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5
Q

Give five examples of HTML element tags.

A

<div> <a> <img></img> <span> </span></a></div>

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6
Q

What is the purpose of HTML attributes?

A

HTML attributes give additional information regarding the tag

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7
Q

Give an example of an HTML entity (escape character).

A

© copyright

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8
Q

How do block-level elements affect the document flow?

A

Block-level elements take start on a new row and take 100% width of its parent container

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9
Q

How do inline elements affect the document flow?

A

Inline elements are only as wide as their content

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10
Q

What are the default width and height of a block-level element?

A

A block-level element’s width is 100% of its parents container

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11
Q

What are the default width and height of an inline element?

A

As wide as its content

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12
Q

What is the difference between an ordered list and an unordered list in HTML?

A

Ordered list is ordered numerically. Unordered list items are listed as bullet points

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13
Q

Is an HTML list a block element or an inline element?

A

Block element

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14
Q

What HTML tag is used to link to another website?

A

<a> anchor tag. The URL is listed with an href attribute</a>

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15
Q

What is an absolute URL?

A

An absolute URL contains all information necessary to locate a resource

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16
Q

What is a relative URL?

A

A relative URL points to a file relative to the current page

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17
Q

How do you indicate the relative link to a parent directory?

A

../

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18
Q

How do you indicate the relative link to a child directory?

A

Name of directory followed by /file-name

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19
Q

How do you indicate the relative link to a grand parent directory?

A

../../

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20
Q

How do you indicate the relative link to the same directory?

A

Name of file in current directory or ./ file name

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21
Q

What is the purpose of an HTML form element?

A

Allow you to collect information from visitors to your site

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22
Q

Give five examples of form control elements.

A

text input, radio buttons, submit buttons, checkboxes, and text area

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23
Q

Give three examples of type attributes for HTML elements.

A

type, name, size, maxlength, value, id, selected

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24
Q

Is an HTML element a block element or an inline element?

A

Inline

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25
Q

What are the six primary HTML elements for creating tables?

A

table, thead, tbody, tfoot, th, td.

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26
Q

What purpose do the thead and tbody elements serve?

A

The HTML element defines a set of rows defining the head of the columns of the table. The HTML Table Body element () encapsulates a set of table rows ( elements), indicating that they comprise the body of the table ().

27
Q

Give two examples of data that would lend itself well to being displayed in a table.

A

Sports statistics and schedules

28
Q

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

A

selector & declaration

29
Q

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

A

.class-name {}

30
Q

In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?

A

element-name {}

31
Q

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

A

class-name {}

32
Q

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS

A

RGB / RGBA, Hex code, or Named colors

33
Q

What CSS properties make up the box model?

A

Padding, Border, Margin

34
Q

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

A

Margin

35
Q

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

A

Padding

36
Q

What is a pseudo-class?

A

A CSS pseudo-class is a keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s). (:hover can be used to change a button’s color when the user’s pointer hovers over it.)

37
Q

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

A

Pseudo-classes let you apply a style to an element not only in relation to the content of the document tree, but also in relation to external factors like the history of the navigator (:visited, for example), the status of its content (like :checked on certain form elements), or the position of the mouse (like :hover, which lets you know if the mouse is over an element or not).

38
Q

Name at least two units of type size in CSS.

A

px, %, (small, medium, large)

39
Q

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

A

font-family

40
Q

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

A

row

41
Q

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

A

nowrap

42
Q

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

A

because they are block elements

43
Q

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

A

row

44
Q

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

A

static

45
Q

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

A

It does not change document flow

46
Q

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

A

It is relative to where it normally appears on page

47
Q

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

A

It removes it from the document flow

48
Q

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

A

Position changes relative to its containing block

49
Q

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

A

Make the containing box non-static

50
Q

What are the four box offset properties?

A

left, right, top, bottom

51
Q

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

A

Importance, inheritance, specificity, source order

52
Q

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

A

The order that your CSS rules are written in your stylesheet

53
Q

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

A

inheritance

54
Q

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

A

Type, class, Id

55
Q

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

A

it makes debugging more difficult by breaking the natural cascading in your stylesheets. When two conflicting declarations with the !important rule are applied to the same element, the declaration with a greater specificity will be applied.

56
Q

What does the transform property do?

A

The transform CSS property lets you rotate, scale, skew, or translate an element. It modifies the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model.

57
Q

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

A

matrix, translate, scale, rotate, skew

58
Q

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

A

transition-property, transition-duration, transition-timing-function, and transition-delay.

59
Q

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

A

width and flex-basis

60
Q

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

A

viewport

61
Q

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

A

The point at which a media query is introduced

62
Q

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

A

%s are better for responsiveness

63
Q

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

A

The style is being selected based on its position in the stylesheet

LFZ (13 decks)

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