HTML Basics

Question 1

What is an attribute?

Answer 1

Attributes provide additional information about the contents of an element. They appear on the opening tag of an element and are made up of two parts: a name and a value, suggested by an equals sign.

Question 2

Can attributes be used on any element?

Answer 2

The majority of attributes can be used on certain elements only, but a few attributes liked the LANG attribute can appear on any element.

Question 3

What will appear in the browser window from the body element?

Answer 3

Everything inside the body element is shown inside the main browser window.

Question 4

What is the head element?

Answer 4

The head element usually contains information ABOUT the page, but doesn’t appear in the main browser window. The head element usually contains the title element.

Question 5

How are tags and elements different?

Answer 5

Tags and elements are the same thing! Two names for the same thing… a tag or element will come in pairs, an opening tag and a closing tag.

Question 6

What is structural markup?

Answer 6

Structural markup: The elements that you can use to describe both headings, subheadings, and paragraphs.

Question 7

What is semantic markup?

Answer 7

Semantic markup: Provides extra information such as where emphasis is placed within a sentence.

Question 8

How many headings are there in HTML5?

Answer 8

There are 6 headings: h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6

Question 9

Do paragraphs show on their own line?

Answer 9

Yes, by default, a browser will show each paragraph on a new line with some space between it and any subsequent paragraphs. Same with headings - they each get their own line.

Question 10

How do you make text appear bold?

Answer 10

You make text appear bold by using the < b > opening tag and < /b > closing tag.

Question 11

What tags would you use for superscript?

Answer 11

The < sup > and < /sup > tags.

Question 12

What characters would you use for subscript ?

Answer 12

The < sub > and < /sub > tags.

Question 13

What is white space collapsing?

Answer 13

When browsers see two or more white spaces side by side in the code, it only displays one space.

Question 14

How do you add a line break inside the middle of a paragraph?

Answer 14

You make a line break using the < br > tag.

Question 15

What is one way to create a break between themes?

Answer 15

You can create a horizontal line using the < hr > tag.

Question 16

What are empty elements?

Answer 16

Elements that do not have words between the opening and closing tag.

Question 17

How do you write an empty element?

Answer 17

An empty element only has one tag. Before the closing angled bracket of an empty element there will often be a space and a forward slash character.

Question 18

What are the two elements commonly used for marking up quotations?

Answer 18

The < blockquote > element and the < q > element. Both elements may use the CITE ATTRIBUTE with a web address to indicate where it is from. Blockquote is for longer quotes, and shorter, inline quotes use the < q > element. Browsers tend to indent blockquotes, but do not use the blockquote element simply to indent text on your site… CSS should be used for that instead of < blockquote>

Question 19

How do you indicate an abbreviation?

Answer 19

You use the < abbr > tag. Inside the < abbr > tag, you can use a TITLE attribute to specify the full term.

Question 20

If explaining a concept or new terminology for the first time, what element should you use?

Answer 20

You should use the < dfn > element. Put the opening and closing tags around the first instance of the new term where it is being defined.

Question 21

What is relative positioning?

Answer 21

Relative positioning changes the position of the HTML element relative to where it normally appears. So “left:20” adds 20 pixels to the element’s LEFT position.

Question 22

What is absolute positioning?

Answer 22

An element with “position: absolute” is positioned at the specified coordinates relative to a parent. If there is no parent, it will be relative to your screen top-left corner.

Question 23

What is fixed positioning?

Answer 23

Fixed positioning allows you to fix the position of an element to a particular spot on the page, regardless of scrolling (so, it is FIXED TO THE VIEWPORT). Specified coordinates will be relative to the browser window.

Question 24

What is static positioning?

Answer 24

Default value. Elements render in order, as they appear in the document flow

Question 25

What is a z-index?

Answer 25

Set to use with “position: relative” to indicate the stack order. Higher stack order goes in front of an element with a lower stack order. This property accepts values like auto, number, initial, and inherit.