HTML Flashcards
Where do you put non-visible content about the HTML document?
within the head element
Where do you put visible content about the HTML document?
within the body element
Where do the head and body tags go in a valid HTML document?
head tags goes between html and body tags. body tags goes between closing head and closing html tags
What is the purpose of a !doctype declaration?
The DOCTYPE declaration is an instruction to the web browser about what version of HTML the page is written in. This ensures that the web page is parsed the same way by different web browsers.
Give five examples of HTML element tags.
div, a, img, link, p
What is the purpose of HTML attributes?
Attributes provide additional information about elements
Give an example of an HTML entity (escape character).
¢–cent–¢
How do block-level elements affect the document flow?
A block-level element always starts on a new line.
How do inline elements affect the document flow?
An inline element does not start on a new line.
What are the default width and height of a block-level element?
A block-level element always takes up the full width available (stretches out to the left and right as far as it can). the height is auto
What are the default width and height of an inline element?
An inline element only takes up as much width as necessary.(auto) the height is also auto
What is the difference between an ordered list and an unordered list in HTML?
The unordered list items have no orders and will be marked with bullets (small black circles) by default. the ordered list items are displayed by order and will be marked with numbers by default
Is an HTML list a block element or an inline element?
block element
What HTML tag is used to link to another website?
anchor (a) tag
What is an absolute URL?
a full web address
What is a relative URL?
a local link, which is to a page within the same website
How do you indicate the relative link to a parent directory?
use ../ to indicate the directory above the current one, then follow it with the file name
How do you indicate the relative link to a child directory?
for a child directory, use the name of the child directory, followed by /, then the file name
How do you indicate the relative link to a grand parent directory?
repeat the ../ to indicate that we want to go up two directories, then follow it with the file name
How do you indicate the relative link to the same directory?
just use the file name
What is the purpose of an HTML form element?
An HTML form is used to collect user input. The user input is most often sent to a server for processing.
Give five examples of form control elements.
input, select, textarea, button,option
Give three examples of type attributes for HTML (input) elements.
text, password, email
Is an HTML (input) element a block element or an inline element?
inline
What are the six primary HTML elements for creating tables
table, thead, tbody, tr, td, th
What purpose do the thead and tbody elements serve?
thead is to groups the header content in a table;
tbody is to groups the body content in a table
Give two examples of data that would lend itself well to being displayed in a table.
accounting info, tabular data
What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?
selector, declaration block, property and value
In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?
with the . followed by class name
In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?
state the type name directly
In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?
with the # followed by Id name
Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.
RGB values, hex codes, color names
What CSS properties make up the box model?
border, margin, padding
Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?
margin
Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?
padding
What is a pseudo-class?
a keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s)
What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?
Pseudo-classes let you apply a style to an element not only in relation to the content of the document tree, but also in relation to external factors such as user actions
Name at least two units of type size in CSS.
pixels, percentage
What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?
font-family
What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?
row
What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?
unwrap
Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?
block level element
What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?
row
What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?
static
How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?
not affect
How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?
no change
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?
removed from doc flow entirely
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?
move to the left top corner to the parent relative element
How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?
set the parent element position relative
What are the four box offset properties?
up, bottom, left, right
What is the purpose of variables?
store data, get value inside a function, have value permanent, access later
How do you declare a variable?
var, let, const,
How do you initialize (assign a value to) a variable?
var name of variable = value
What characters are allowed in variable names?
letter, digits, underscore, dollar signs. start with letter(or $ and _)
What does it mean to say that variable names are “case sensitive”?
different case is different variable
What is the purpose of a string?
store data of text content and characters
What is the purpose of a number?
store numerical value for counts, calculation
What is the purpose of a boolean?
store true and false, allow computer to make decision
What does the = operator mean in JavaScript?
put value inside something.
How do you update the value of a variable?
use variable name = new value
What is the difference between null and undefined?
null has to be assigned, undefined (no assign and no value defined by JS). both no value
Why is it a good habit to include “labels” when you log values to the browser console?
easy to identify the values
Give five examples of JavaScript primitives.
string, number, boolean, array, objects
What data type is returned by an arithmetic operation?
number
What is string concatenation?
Joining together strings in JavaScript
What purpose(s) does the + plus operator serve in JavaScript?
math or concatenation
What data type is returned by comparing two values (, ===, etc)?
boolean
What does the += “plus-equals” operator do?
The addition assignment operator (+=) adds the value of the right operand to a variable and assigns the result to the variable.
What are objects used for?
to create a collection of data, store data together
What are object properties?
Object properties are defined as a simple association between name and value. All properties have a name and value is one of the attributes linked with the property, which defines the access granted to the property.
Describe object literal notation.
object name ={ property: value, …. }
How do you remove a property from an object?
delete object.key
What are the two ways to get or update the value of a property?
dot notation and bracket notation
