HST 353 Midterm Flashcards
EBERT-GROENER PACT
- Who is Ebert?
- Asked military
- In return
- Weakening the chances of
- Ebert took over as head of a provisional govt to try to stabilize things
- Asked military to protect the govt
- In return, Ebert would leave the milit unreformed
- Weakening the chances of a successful revolution happening
YOUNG PLAN
- What is it?
- What did it do?
- Whose anti-Young Plan campaign?
- 3 Effects on Hitler
1,Another restructuring of the German repayment plan
- Made it adjustable so that it wouldn’t look as bad
- Hugenburg
- Gave Hitler connections, prepared him for professional meetings, and made Germans aware of him
BRUNING
- issued what?
- What 3 things did it do?
- Political effect?
- Article 48
- Austerity Package
- Cut got wages, cut child care funding, and more - think: invisible hand of the market
- Germans were convinced that Democracy does not work
- The Emergency Decree kept Bruning in power for 2 more years
GLEICHSHALTUNG (C+S/SC/DAF/V+C/CS+P/Euge)
- What does it mean?
- Got rid of what?
- What are they?
- DAF
- Vatican & concordat
- Civil Services & Professions
- Eugenic Legislation
- Bringing coordination and synchronization into society
- State Commissars
- Legally elected state governments
- The German Labor Front replaced trade unions and was led by Ley
- A concordat treaty was signed with the Vatican and the Vatican wanted the Center Party to go out on good terms instead of being forced
- Civil services were purged by taking away anyone who was part of a political or racial sub verse that the Nazi Party did not prefer (so Jews couldn’t work for jobs like post offices and teacher without being grandfathered in), and the medical and law professions were purged by the Nazi Party starting its own private organizations that were closed to Jews
- The initial eugenic legislation gave benefits to couples who could prove racial purity, tried to turn motherhood into being heroic (mothers’ cross), and promoted sterilization through propaganda
BLOOD FLAG
- What 2 things did it represent?
- Effect
- Touched to local flags when/where?
- it represented the blood of the 16 martyrs of the Odensplatz, and the purity of blood that the Nazis wanted to perfect by exterminating Jews
- Gave Nazism a lifestyle and religious feeling to embrace
- 1934 Nuremberg Congress (Triumph of the Will)
HINDENBURG (hindenprez)
- Wiemar Republic Presidential position open cuz
- Took position because (2)
- Appointed Hitler as Chancellor, but
- 1st President Ebert died
- Hindenburg saw it as a patriotic duty, and he did not think he would do much because the position was mostly powerless
- He despised Hitler
DAY OF POTSDAM (photosdam)
- What is it?
- Purposes (2)
- Led to
- Photo operation
- Show Hitler’s loyalty, & passing of the torch of power to the RADICAL RIGHT
- Led to the Enabling Act
ARNO BREKER (artist breker)
- Made what?
- What about them? (2)
- Nude figures like lion statues
2. Muscular and perfect
Sturm-Abteilung
What is the Nazi SA?
What happened when the Gestapo expanded from Prussia to all of Germany?
After Rohm went to Bolivia for 2 years as a military adviser, Hitler calls him back to lead the SA (overlooking his homosexuality). What did Rohm and his followers think Hitler was doing?
What did Himmler see Rohm as, and what happened to the SA in 1934?
It is the Nazi Party’s paramilitary group which had authority over the SS and SD
The SA became auxiliary police in 1934, but they were the ones causing violence
Rohm and his followers in the SA thought that Hitler was betraying the SA
Himmler saw Rohm as bad for the SA and the SA was put on vacation in June 1934
German Labor Front
What did the German Labor Front replace and who was its leader?
The Nazis made a point of supporting the working class better than the unions could. What were some examples of this and what was its effect?
The German Labor Front (DAF) replaced trade unions and were led by Ley Better healthcare and ventilation and vacation time made the working class forget about unions and Marxist communism
Free Corps
What were they?
What did they want to do after the wars of the early 20th century?
What did the SPD use them for in January 1919?
Paramilitary groups that war veterans joined for the feeling of comradery that was in the military
They wanted to overthrow democracy and were attracted to movements like the Nazi movement
They were used by the SPD (Social Democratic Party) to arrest and kill Spartacist leaders Liebknecht and Luxemburg
Triumph of the Will
propaganda film
Matthias Erzberger
In 1917:
What did the Pope want to be?
How were the Catholic and Protestant votes split?
Erzberger was committed to a US-style Democracy, what did he put forward?
What did he sign on Nov 11, 1918?
The Pope wanted to be an “Arbiter of Peace”
The Catholic Center Party relied on Catholics to get votes, while Protestants were split between 8 parties
Erzberger put forward a peace plan that would undo what Germany did for the last few years (before 1917), but it did not pass
On Nov 11, 1918 in a railway car in Compiegne Forest, he signed an armistice ending WWI - an armistice temporarily stops fighting until a treaty is made or war starts again
Hugo Preuss
used his Jewish identity as a focal point
author of the draft version of the constitution that was passed by the Wiemar National Assembly and came into force in August 1919
Forced Sterilization
Sterilization was one form of Eugenics that the Nazis used to purify the gene pool. Both men and women had ways of being sterilized. Jews and handicapped people were forced to be sterilized. Propaganda was used to convince Germans to support the idea (ex: image showing other nations that have implemented and are considering sterilization)
