HSP203 Flashcards
The feelings that a client project onto the therapist are known as:
Transference
Issues of counter transference are best dealt with
In supervision
Effective counselors are encouraged to be culturally-neutral when counseling a multi-cultural group of clients
False
In order to be effective, counselors must have a thorough and complete understanding of the cultural backgrounds of all clients they treat
False
A therapist must ethically break confidentiality under which of the following scenarios:
A. When a client poses an imminent danger to himself/herself or others
B. In cases of known child abuse
C. In cases of suspected child abuse
D. All of the above
E. A and B only
D
Termination of therapy should be discussed
In the first therapy session and periodically over the course of therapy
In the state of Colorado, DORA is in place to protect
The public
The history drives the
Assessment
The concept of superiority/inferiority is prominent in which theory
Adlerian
Memories of the actual events clients recall from their childhood are known as
Early Recollections (Alderian)
The theory with the goal of making change in personality and character structure, and resolving unconscious conflicts within self is
Psychoanalytic
Asking a depressed client if he/she is thinking about hurting or killing him/herself is
A necessary question for counselors to ask under these conditions
Sigmund Freud is associated with the (blank) stages of development
Psychosexual
Social interest and birth order are important concepts in which theory
Adlerian
The individual who studied attachment and is known for his/her work with baby monkeys is
Harry Harlow
The theory with the goal of helping clients find a meaning and addresses issues of freedom and responsibility is
Person-centered
The theory with the goal of increasing social interest and changing self-defeating behaviors is
Adlerian
Which theory is most likely to view anxiety as a normal part of the human condition
Existential
Which theory has a strong foundation in the area of philosophy
Existential
According to existential theory, (blank) provides the motivation for us to live our lives fully and take advantage of each opportunity to do something meaningful
Death
The individual associated with the psychosocial stages of development is
Erik Erikson
According to the text, the most distinctive Adlerian procedure that is central to all phases of counseling and therapy is
Encouragement
The Capacity for Self-Awareness is a key part of which theory
Existential
Systemic Desensitization was developed by (blank) to treat (blank)
Joseph Wolpe, Anxiety and Panic
The individual credited with creating operant conditioning is
B.F. Skinner
(Blank) is a cue in the environment that increases the likelihood that a particular behavior is likely to occur
S(d)
(Blank) is cue in the environment that decreases the likelihood that a particular behavior is likely to occur
S (omega)
EMDR was developed by (blank) to treat (blank)
Francine Shapiro, Trauma
Little Johnny’s mother wants to eliminate Johnny’s cursing behavior. A behavior therapist devised a behavioral treatment program in which the mother “washes Johnny’s mouth out with soap” immediately after every occurrence of a swear word. In this example, Johnny’s mother is using
Positive punishment
When used in systematic desensitization, the term SUDS stands for
Subjective Units of Distress Scale
A list of fear-producing situations arranged in order from those that cause the least fear to those that cause the most fear is called a(n):
Fear hierarchy
A client is seeking treatment for panic attacks. The behavior therapist treating the client begins by teaching him/her controlled breathing exercises and progressive muscle relaxation as responses that are incompatible with panic. another name for this procedure is:
Counter-conditioning
After years of being unable to fly due to a fear of flying, a client begins working with a behavior therapist to overcome their fear of flying. After several sessions in the office, the client and therapist actually board a small aircraft and fly around the city. In this example the therapist is using a form of:
In Vivo exposure
Punishment and reinforcement are terms associated with:
Operant conditioning
Conditioning beyond the (blank) order is generally not effective
Second
In a famous experiment, Pavlov repeatedly paired the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat powder to a dog and found that the dog eventually salivated to the sound of the bell only with no meat powder being presented. In this example, when the dog salivates to the bell only, the bell is a
CS (conditioned stimulus)
In the dog/bell example, the dog salivating to the bell only is an example of
First-order conditioning
Systematic Desensitization was developed by (blank) to treat (blank)
Joseph Wolpe, Anxiety and Panic
The individual credited with creating reality therapy is
William Glasser
Cognitive therapy was developed by (blank) to treat (blank)
Aaron Beck, depression
For homework, a cognitive therapist has a client who is shy and unable to speak in public wear a clown’s nose and bright red lipstick onto a public bus and sing “Happy Birthday” in a loud voice. In this example the therapist is using a form of
A shame-attacking exercise
Which is NOT a key concept of reality therapy: A. Unconscious motivation; B. focus on the present; C. self-evaluation D. responsibility
A
In reality therapy, when a client fails to carry out their plans, the therapist will
Challenge the client to accept the reasonable consequences of their behavior
Of the following, which intervention would a feminist therapist consider the most essential: A. Challenging irrational beliefs B. Conducting a lifestyle analysis C. Having the client create a genogram D. Social action
D. Social Action
Feminist theory is an approach that is applicable to which group of clients:
A. Females only
B. Males only
C. Males or females
D. Any client with a psychological condition that does not respond to psychotropic medication
C. Males or females
Feminist therapists help (blank) to understand how oppressive societal beliefs and practices influence them in negative ways:
A. Women only
B. Women and members of the GLBT community
C. Women, members of the GLBT community, and persons of color
D. Men only
C. Women, members of the GLBT community, and persons of color
Because feminist therapy is erroneously viewed by many as a theory conducted by women for women, which of the following statements is most correct:
A. It is true that feminist therapy may be used with both male and female clients, it is conducted only by female therapists;
B. Although feminist therapy may be used with both male and female clients, it is conducted only by female therapists
C. Feminist therapy can be conducted by any male or female therapist
D. Feminist therapy can be conducted by male or female therapists who are willing to redefine masculinity and femininity according to other than traditional values and actively support women’s efforts to create a just society
D. Feminist therapy can be conducted by male or female therapists who are willing to redefine masculinity and femininity according to other than traditional values and actively support women’s efforts to create a just society
At the heart of feminist strategies in the goal of empowering clients and, for this reason, feminist therapists:
A. Help clients understand the power differential in therapy in which the feminist therapist controls a majority of the power
B. Help clients reverse power differentials in traditional therapy by giving the client the majority of the power
C. Strive for an egalitarian relationship in therapy in which power is shared equally between the therapist and client
D. None of the above
C. Strive for an egalitarian relationship in therapy in which power is shared equally between the therapist and client
In the video Tough Guise, Jackson Katz defines a/an (blank) as a strong response by the dominant culture to activities that do not align with the values of the dominant culture
Backlash
Donald Meichenbaum is associated with which theory
Cognitive (CT)
Behavior being extinguished will likely
Initially increase sharply but then decrease over time
Choice therapy is closely associated
Reality therapy
Extinction is a behavioral principle that can be applied to
Both classical and operant conditioning
According to cognitive therapists, what is important is not the way the real world exists, but rather the way we perceive the world to exist
True
The assessment drives the
Treatment plan
The treatment plan drives the
Process recording
The process recoding drives
Conclusion
Albert Ellis
REBT (rational emotive behavior therapy)
Cognitive therapy is based on (blank) and was originally devised to treat (blank)
Empirical research; depression
Albert Ellis based REBT on
Philosophical tenets
Faulty information processing is a prime cause of exaggerations in adaptive emotional and behavioral reactions.
CT - Cognitive Therapy
- Arbitrary influences (conclusions w/o supporting evidence; castastophizing
- Selective abstraction (conclusions based on isolated detail; no context)
- Overgeneralization (extreme beliefs based on single incident)
- Magnification & Minimalization (perceiving in greater or lesser light than deserves)
CT - Cognitive Therapy
Changes in beliefs lead to changes in behaviors & emotions
CT - Cognitive Therapy
What is I.P.
Identified Patient (sometimes Identified Problem)
Perception is
Reality
Cause & Effect of cognition, emotions, & behaviors
REBT - Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (Albert Ellis)
Donald Meichenbaum
CT - Cognitive therapy
CBM - Cognitive Behavior Modification
SIT - Stress Inoculation Training
William Glasser
Reality Therapy/Choice Theory
Reality therapy/Choice theory 5 basic needs
- Survival
- Love and belonging
- Power
- Freedom
- Fun
Reality therapy 4 tenets
- Emphasize choice
- Reject transference
- Stay in present
- Avoid focusing on symptoms
Quality world
Reality therapy
WDEP wants Direction and doing Self-evaluation Planning and action
Reality therapy
Robert Wubbolding
Reality therapy
Marcia Linehan
DBT - Dialectical Behavior therapy
Francine Shapiro
EMDR - Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing
Arnold Lazarus
Multi-Modal Therapy
Reinforcement
Increase behavior
Punishment
Decrease behavior
Positive (reinforcement or punishment)
Add to environment
Negative (reinforcement or punishment)
Remove from environment
Classical conditioning
Pavlov
US
Unconditioned stimulus (meat powder)
UR
Unconditioned response (salivation)
NS
neutral stimulus (bell)
NS + US = UR
First order conditioned response
NS becomes CS
neutral stimulus become conditioned stimulus is successful 1st order conditioning
Behavior therapy ABC’s
Antecedents
Behavior
Consequences
CPR
Classical
Pavlovian
Respondent
BF Skinner
Deterministic, no free choice
Acknowledged feelings but denied they caused action
Behavior therapy
Albert Bandura
Social Learning/social modeling
Classical conditioning extinction
2nd order and stop rewards
Operant conditioning extinction
With positive or negative punishment
Paradoxical theory of change
Gestalt Therapy
Field theory
Gestalt therapy
Figure / ground
Gestalt therapy
Figure formation process
Gestalt therapy
Figure-formation process
Gestalt therapy
Organismic self-regulation
Gestalt therapy
The process by which equilibrium is “disturbed” by the emergence of a need, a sensation, or an interest
Organismic self-regulation
Contact; Introjection; Projection; Retroflection; Deflection; Confluence; Phenomenological inquiry; Unfinished business; Impasse
Gestalt therapy
Goals:
Move toward increased awareness of themselves
Gradually assume ownership of experience
Develop skills and acquire values that allow satisfaction of needs w/o violating rights of others
Become more aware of all their senses
Learn to accept responsibility for what they do, including accepting the consequences of their actions
Be able to ask for and get help and give help
Gestalt therapy
“It” talk
“You” talk
Questions
Language that denies power (maybe, sort of, I guess)
Listening to metaphors (spill guts, leg to stand on, rip to shreds)
Listening to language that uncovers a story
Gestalt therapy
Process:
Discovery
Accommodation
Assimilation
Gestalt therapy
Inner dialogue exercise: top dog’s messages vs underdog’s messages. Top dog badgers with “shoulds” and “oughts” and manipulates with threats of catastrophe. Underdog manipulates by playing victim, being defensive, apologetic, helpless, weak, and feigning helplessness
Gestalt therapy
Empty-Chair Technique
Gestalt therapy
“Making the Rounds” in group therapy
Gestalt therapy
The Reversal Exercise
Gestalt therapy
The Rehearsal Exercise
Gestalt therapy
The Exaggeration Exercise
Gestalt therapy
Staying with the Feeling
Gestalt therapy
Erving and Miriam Polster
Gestalt therapy
Carl Rogers
Person-Centered therapy
Natalie Rogers
Person-Centered expressive arts therapy
EFT
Emotion-focused therapy (Person-centered)
Actualizing tendency
Person-Centered therapy
Congruence/incongruence
Person-Centered therapy
Unconditional positive regard
Person-Centered therapy
Accurate empathic understanding
Person-Centered therapy
Viktor Frankl
Existential therapy
Rollo May
Existential therapy
Irvin Yalom
Existential therapy
Authenticity/inauthenticity
Existential therapy
Inferiority/Superiority Lifestyle Social Interest/Community feeling Significance Birth order Early Recollections Family constellation Lifestyle assessment
Adlerian
Self-awareness Freedom and responsibility Authenticity/Inauthentic Identity and Relationship to Others Aloneness Search for Meaning Logotherapy Anxiety Death and non-being Restricted existence
Existential therapy
EMDR was created to treat which of the following disorders: A. Borderline personality disorder B. Post-traumatic stress disorder C. Major depressive disorder D. Conduct disorder
B. Post-traumatic stress disorder
Cognitive therapy was developed by (blank) to treat (blank)
Aaron Beck, depression
Carl Whitaker
Experiential family therapy
Murray Bowen
Multigenerational family therapy
Virginia Satir
Human validation process model
Salvador Minuchin
Structural family therapy
Systematic Desensitization
Joseph Wolpe, anxiety and panic
EMDR
Francine Shapiro, trauma
Cognitive therapy (whom and why)
Aaron Beck, depression
Superiority/inferiority
Adlerian
Congruence/incongruence
Person-centered
Meaning, freedom, responsibility
Existential
