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Histopath > Hsitopath topic 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Hsitopath topic 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Meaning of “Pathos”

A

disease/suffering

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2
Q

Study of “structural and functional abnormalities” expressed as diseases of organs and body systems

A

Pathology

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3
Q

A type of pathology “study of the basic reaction of cells and tissue to abnormal stimuli that underlies disease”

A

General Pathology

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4
Q

A type of pathology “specific responses of specialized organs and tissues”

A

Systemic Pathology

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5
Q

Structural abnormalities can be in the form of?

A

cell membrane destruction, presence of tumor.

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6
Q

Functional abnormalities can be in the form of?

A

increase in temperature due to fever (result of the release of cytokines)

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7
Q

What are the 4 parameters?

A

Etiology (cause)
Pathogenesis (insidious development)
Morphology (abnormal anatomy)
Clinical expression

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8
Q

“sequence of events from the initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of the disease”

A

PATHOGENESIS

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9
Q

4 types of morphology (abnormal anatomy)

A

Gross
Microscopic
Radiologic
Molecular

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10
Q

The best way for most minds to remember, or identify, or understand a disease is to associate it with a morphologic IMAGE. This can be:

A 
gross
electron microscopy
light microscopic
radiologic,
molecular
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11
Q

Most of the diseases we are dealing with now have a definitive assessment at the level of:

A

Light microscopy.

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12
Q

Who is the Father of Modern Pathology?

A

Rudolph Virchow (1821-1902)

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13
Q

What did Rudolph Virchow propose?

A

The basis of all diseases is “injury to the cell”.

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14
Q

What is it called when we look at cells and tissues?

A

Histology

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15
Q

It is the state of equilibrium in the body

A

HOMEOSTASIS

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16
Q

True or False.
If there’s a physical insult or a stressor, the cell will react to that stressor perhaps the balance may tilt into one or the other which will now cause abnormalities

A

True

17
Q

What are the 6 Cellular Responses to Injury?

A

Acute cell injury –reversible injury, cell death Subcellular alterations in sublethal and chronic injury Cellular adaptations
Intracellular accumulations
Pathologic calcification
Cell aging

18
Q

True or False.

One way for cell to face this stressor is to adapt to the changes.

A

True

19
Q

The increase in the number of cells

A

Hyperplasia

20
Q

The increase in the size of the cell

A

Hypertrophy

21
Q

The decrease in the number of cells

A

Hypoplasia

22
Q

The transformation of a mature tissue into another type of tissue or considered a substitution of one normal cell to another type of cell

A

Metaplasia

23
Q

It is abnormal tissue development.

Alteration in size, shape, and organization of cellular components of tissue.

A

Dysplasia

24
Q

Is dysplasia reversible or not?

A

Reversible.

Upon cessation of exposure to injuries agents and it will go back to its normal

25
Q

If the injury is still there for a long time dysplasia will give a rise to this

A

Preneoplastic

26
Q

The variation in size, irregularity of the nucleus, disorderly of this orderly arrangement of the cells, will eventually give rise to (a) ____ and it will become a (b) _____

A

a. neoplasia

b. malignant tumor

27
Q

True or False.

Dysplasia is pre-malignant; it may or may not proceed into being malignant.

A

True

28
Q

The loss of structural differentiation, permanent and is irreversible.

A

Anaplasia

29
Q

New growth or a pathologic process that results in the formation of a tumor and is irreversible

A

Neoplasia

30
Q

Two types of tumor

A

benign

malignant

31
Q

Define physiological hypertrophy

A

Influence of hormones (i.e. lactation)

32
Q

Define increase functional demand (hypertrophy)

A

E.g. greater muscle size following exercise

33
Q

Define cellular mechanisms of hypertrophy

A

Due to cellular transcriptional signals or mechanism

34
Q

Shrinkage in cell size due to loss of cell substance

A

Atrophy

Histopath (1 decks)

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