Hsitopath topic 1 & 2 Flashcards
Meaning of “Pathos”
disease/suffering
Study of “structural and functional abnormalities” expressed as diseases of organs and body systems
Pathology
A type of pathology “study of the basic reaction of cells and tissue to abnormal stimuli that underlies disease”
General Pathology
A type of pathology “specific responses of specialized organs and tissues”
Systemic Pathology
Structural abnormalities can be in the form of?
cell membrane destruction, presence of tumor.
Functional abnormalities can be in the form of?
increase in temperature due to fever (result of the release of cytokines)
What are the 4 parameters?
Etiology (cause)
Pathogenesis (insidious development)
Morphology (abnormal anatomy)
Clinical expression
“sequence of events from the initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of the disease”
PATHOGENESIS
4 types of morphology (abnormal anatomy)
Gross
Microscopic
Radiologic
Molecular
The best way for most minds to remember, or identify, or understand a disease is to associate it with a morphologic IMAGE. This can be:
gross electron microscopy light microscopic radiologic, molecular
Most of the diseases we are dealing with now have a definitive assessment at the level of:
Light microscopy.
Who is the Father of Modern Pathology?
Rudolph Virchow (1821-1902)
What did Rudolph Virchow propose?
The basis of all diseases is “injury to the cell”.
What is it called when we look at cells and tissues?
Histology
It is the state of equilibrium in the body
HOMEOSTASIS
True or False.
If there’s a physical insult or a stressor, the cell will react to that stressor perhaps the balance may tilt into one or the other which will now cause abnormalities
True
What are the 6 Cellular Responses to Injury?
Acute cell injury –reversible injury, cell death Subcellular alterations in sublethal and chronic injury Cellular adaptations
Intracellular accumulations
Pathologic calcification
Cell aging
True or False.
One way for cell to face this stressor is to adapt to the changes.
True
The increase in the number of cells
Hyperplasia
The increase in the size of the cell
Hypertrophy
The decrease in the number of cells
Hypoplasia
The transformation of a mature tissue into another type of tissue or considered a substitution of one normal cell to another type of cell
Metaplasia
It is abnormal tissue development.
Alteration in size, shape, and organization of cellular components of tissue.
Dysplasia
Is dysplasia reversible or not?
Reversible.
Upon cessation of exposure to injuries agents and it will go back to its normal
