HSIE - History - Year 8 - Source Test- Ancient China, and Qin Dynasty Flashcards
What is the “Mandate of Heaven’?
The Mandate of Heaven is an ideology of the emperor’s right to rule.
According to the Mandate of Heaven: ?
-There could only be one ruler.
-No one dynasty could rule forever.
-If a ruler was incompetent or corrupt, they would lose the Mandate of Heaven.
How many dynasties did Ancient China have?
13 Dynasties.
What dynasty did the Mandate of Heaven start?
Zhou Dynasty
Why did the Mandate of Heaven start?
It was created for the Zhou dynasty to overthrow the Shang dynasty.
What was the dynasty that ruled for the shortest amount of time?
The Qin dynasty
What time did the Qin dynasty rule?
221 BCE to 206 BCE
How many years did the Qin dynasty rule?
15 years
What was the name of the emperor of the Qin dynasty?
Qin Shi Huang
What were all the beliefs during Ancient China?
Legalism,
Confucianism
Daoism
Buddism
What belief was active during the Qin dynasty?
Legalism
What is Daoism?
Ying and Yang, balance and harmony. People who believed in Daoism focused on living simply, silently, stillness, and meditation.
What is Confucianism?
Confucianism taught that everyone has a place in society and owed respect to elders and superiors. Women had to respect men.
What is Legalism?
Developed around 250 BCE, this belief, believed that humans were selfish and immoral, and needed a tight set of transparently defined laws and harsh punishments. The rules also apply to the emperor.
What is Buddhism?
Also known as Han Buddhism, it was introduced during the Han dynasty 206 BCE through the Silk road, when they got in contact to other civilisations.
Qin dynasty significant achievements?
Standardising Chinese writing and currency, network of roads and canals, constructing The Great Wall of China, conquering the 7 warring states and unifying China, Implementing Legalism and anti books burnt and opposing scholars killed, Terracotta Army.
What was the social structure?
- Emperor
- The Shi
- The Nong
- The Gong
- The Shang
Who were the Shi?
Nobles, scholars and officials.
Who were the Nong?
Farmers and peasants.
Who were the Gong?
Artisans and craftsmen.
Who were the Shang?
Merchants and traders.
How was the landscape of China and how did it affect them?
There were a lot of mountains, the Yellow River Valley, rivers and they were isolated from other civilisations.
When was the first time that China was united?
The Qin dynasty
Qin Dynasty Achievements- Standardising Chinese writing, currency, belief, measuring, running government and weight.
During the warring state period the money, measurements, writing, beliefs, government, and weighing were all different, so when Qin Shi Huang came into power, he standardised everything.
Qin Dynasty Achievements- The Great Wall of China.
Qin Shi Huang sent one million labourers to build the wall of China due to the constant threat of the Xiongnu people/Mongols in the north they were invading the land in the Yellow River Valley. Some of the Great Wall of China is still there today built by the Qin Dynasty, but another dynasty rebuilt the wall.
Qin Dynasty Achievements- Conquering the 7 warring states and unifying China.
China was very unstable and the 7 warring states were conquered by Qin Shi Huang, resulting in him becoming the nation’s first emperor. He brought stability to China when they needed it the most, even though his strict harsh laws.
Qin Dynasty Achievements-Implementing Legalism and anti books burnt and opposing scholars killed
When Qin Shi Huang came into power he standardised everything, and had laws, and implemented Legalism. He allegedly, ordered to kill 1000 scholars and burnt books that were against him.
Qin Dynasty Achievements- Terracotta Army
Qin Shi Huang died in 210 BCE buried in a large tomb, which was protected by an army of over 8,000 clay soldiers, the terracotta army. Which would guard him for all of eternity.
Women in Ancient China.
Men were preferred over women, and men had more rights and education, but over time women got more access to things. A woman’s duties are to cook the five grains, heat the wine, look after her parents-in-law, make clothes and that’s all! Women were not valued. Few girls had the opportunity to gain an education, and women were not permitted to work.
Slaves in Ancient China.
One million slaves/ labourers built the Wall of China.
