HSC Sources and Quotes Flashcards
House of Centenary
Wall painting of Mt Vesuvius with grapes and a snake.
Wilhelmina Feemster Jashemsk contributions
Discovered olive trees and grape vines, contributing to knowledge of cultivation in Pompeii.
Giuseppe Fiorelli contributions
Divided Pompeii into 9 Regio’s. Founded the plaster casting preservation method.
Findings in the House of Faun (Greek and Egyptian)
Mosaics of sea life
Mosaic of Alexander the Great
Corinthian Columns peristyle - Greek
Mosaics of Crocodiles, hippos and Ibis - Egypt.
House of Julia Felix contribution to knowledge on Pompeii women
Rented out in 62AD after earthquake, inherited property made her lots of money.
“Mens sana in corpore san”
“A sound mind in a sound body”
House of the Deerin
Herculaneum - Frescoes of typically served food like bread, rabbit, nuts and more.
Compluvium and the impluviums use
Complivium is a whole in the roof, the impluvium catches rain water to use.
What does the Tomb of Scaurus have inscribed
Scenes of gladiator battles and stats on his battles.
Findings from Estelle Lazers research on skeletons
Can determine their sex, age, death and diseases.
Great Pompeii Project 2011
Funded by European Regional Development and Italian government in efforts to restore Pompeii.
Plutarch in relations to The Great Rhetra
“Their state was overloaded with a multitude of indigent and necessitous persons”.
PH Kelly in relations to land distribution in Sparta
Sparta didn’t have equal property - backed by Aristotle, rejected by Plutarch.
Xenophon x2 in regards to the Agoge
“To make the boys craftier… and cultivate their war-like instincts”
“When the froth of insolence rises to the surface;… the most violent appetites for pleasure invade the mind”.
Thomas J Figueira in relation to coinage
“Coinage would have had to be well established for it to be banned in the first place”.
Goddess and her Temple in Sparta
Temple of Artemis Orthia - cult for growth and fertility, used to educate, make animal sacrifices and liberate water/wine.
Holds an annual cheese stealing ritual to build endurance in youths.
Had 1000’s of wood carved statuettes.
Centre had a statue with wings of AO.
Herodotus in relation to the Death of a king in Sparta.
“Men and women together strike their foreheads with every sign of grief”.
Emma Southen x2 in relation to Agrippina
“Looms large as a symbol of everything wrong with the imperial system”.
“Agrippina only exists when her actions impact the lives of men”.
Sebasteion in Aphrodisias reliefs of Agrippina
‘Crowning Nero’ and the other with her wearing a diadem’.
What is the Gemma Claudia
Relief of Claudius and ATY against Germanicus and ATE, represents succession.
Barrett on Gaius’ reign
“Sees the principals as an expression of his right to exercise unchecked powers”.
Suetonius mentions of Nero
He held trials in public venues, usually secret.
Tiberius’ criticism of Sejanus
Says he was “insatiable in ambition”
Building programs by each emperor
Tiberius: Restoration of Pompeii theatre.
Gaius: Temple of Augustus, Aqua Claudia/Anio Novis.
Claudius: Harbour at Ostia.
Nero: Planned for colonnaded streets in Romes reconstruction after the 64AD fire.
P. Matyszak on the nature of the principate - during Nero’s reign.
+ Tacitus mentions
“The principate was revealed as a naked military dictatorship”
Tacitus says there was political instability due to the reliance of military power in that period.
Tacitus in regards to Seneca guiding Nero
“Controlling the emperors pellets adolescence”.
Evidence of the Imperial Cult in Britain - Claudius
Bronze Head of Claudius in Suffolk 1907
Evidence of Imperial Cult in Egypt
Imperial Chapel at the Temple of Amun Karnak with 14 statues of the Roman emperors.
Evidence of Imperial Cult - Nero
Statue of Nero at the Temple of Mars Ultor - first time an emperor is directly attributed to a god.
Politics example (kinda) - Suggestum
Raised platform for public speaking in the forum.
Spartan Poetry - Alcman (7th century BC) - Overview
Known for Partheneia (women choir songs). Poetry reflects cultural and social aspects before military transformation.
- Celebrates nature and beauty
- reflect on human emotions
- praise spartan maidens
Alcman - sources
Fragment 1 (Partheneion): “Hagesichora is lovely as a shining star”.
Exclaims beauty of young Spartan Women.
Plutarch comments: “His works reveal a Spartan not yet shaped by the harsh discipline of Lycurgus”.
Spartan Poetry - Tyrtaeus (7th century BC) Overview
Believed to live in second Messenian War (650 BC). Poetry reflects military value.
- Importance to die for city-state
- praise courage and contempt cowards
Tyrtaeus - Sources
Elegy 12: “it is a noble thing for a good man to fall and die, fighting for his fatherland”.
Tyrtaeus praises those who fight bravely.
Plutarch comments: “victory comes through bravery and strength of heart” - Plutarch promotes ideas.
Agrippina quotes on rise to power through her family
Suetonius: “controlled Claudius entirely and made every effort to secured Nero’s place”
Cassius Dio: “conscious of her ancestry and her son’s claim to the throne, used her family lineage to push Nero into power”
Barrett: “Agrippina’s rise to power was a deliberate and calculated strategy, relying heavily on her Julio-Claudia bloodline and her ability to manipulate”.
Gymnopraedia Festival
Celebrate victory in battle of Thyrea over Arges 550BCE. Images of Apollo and Artemis in cross to represent community. Singing and performance, men with no son or wife can’t attend.
Karneia Festival
9 days in August, celebrate migration from north and colonisation of the Doric people. Footrace with men with no son vs grape cluster man (perches for city gods to abandon), good luck if men catch him, bad luck otherwise.
