HSC and A Chapter 1 Flashcards
What law was passed in 2010 by the US congress for a major regulatory reform for the US healthcare?
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Who published standards to provide a clear and consistent understanding of industry and post secondary knowledge that healthcare workers must posses?
The National Consortium for Health Science Education
Who created acupuncture?
The ancient Chinese
What is the strategic insertion of small needles into the body to treat disease and pain known as?
acupuncture
What is acupuncture commonly used for?
chronic pain and infertility
Who were the first to study the pulse?
the chinese
Who believed that examining the characteristic of a patient’s pulse helped determined the severity of an illness?
the chinese
Who began the practice of medical examinations?
the Egyptians/Babylonians
Who introduced the concept of diagnosis and prognosis?
The Egyptians/Babylonians
Who built aqueducts to bring clean water?
The romans
Who is known as the father of medicine?
Hippocrates
What is the Hippocratic Oath?
a promise to practice medicine honestly
Who performed eye and brain surgeries that were not attempted again until 2,000 years after his death?
Galen
Who created the caduceus?
The ancient greek
Who carried the caduceus?
Hermes
Who created hospitals?
The Romans
Who invented surgical instruments which included forceps, scalpels and surgical needles?
The romans
Who performed the first to perform cataract surgery?
the romans
Who has a history of 40,000 years of healers?
The native americans
Which Native American tribe used herbs and natural pain relievers?
the Navajo and the Cherokee
What years were the Dark and Middle Ages?
400 CE to 1400 CE
Who was the Jewish philosopher who described numerous medical conditions and emphasized the importance of moderation and a healthy lifestyle.
maimonides
Who could perform surgery, dentistry, bloodletting and traveled with armies as well as performed amputations?
Barber surgeons
What colors were associated with the barber surgeons?
red white and blue
when did doctors begin using observations and careful note taking?
1600s
Who invented the microscope?
Antonie van leeuwenhoek
Which English doctor developed the practice of vaccination by observing people who developed cowpox?
Edward jenner
What was the first inhalable anesthetic?
Dythal Ether
Who reduced mortality that resulted from lack of hygiene and nutrition and laid the foundation for professional nursing?
Florence Nightgale
Who was the first women to study and practice medicine in the US?
Elizabeth Blackwell
What year was the Women’s Medical College in New York established?
1868
Who established the Women’s Medical College?
Elizabeth Blackwell
Who formed the American Red Cross?
Clara Barton
Who introduced the concept of hand washing?
ignaz semmelweis
Who developed the first vaccine for rabies and anthrax and developed pasteurization of milk and wine?
Louis pastor
Who is known as the Father of antiseptic surgery?
Joseph Lister
Who insisted on using soap to disinfect instruments and clean hands before doctors moved from patient to patient?
Joseph Lister
Who discovered that some disease are caused by microorganisms called pathogens ?
Robert Koch
Who discovered the mold that lead to the discovery of penicillin, and what year?
Alexander Fleming and 1928
What became the first antibiotic to treat bacterial infection?
penicillin
When did mass production of penicillin began?
1943
Who discovered x - ray technology at the end of the nineteenth century?
Wilhelm Roetgen
When was the electrocardiogram developed? By who?
Willem Einthoven and in 1903
Who discovered Radium at the beginning of the twentieth century?
Marie and Pierre Curie
When was insulin discovered by and when?
1922: Fredrick Banting and Charles best
What is insulin used for?
the regulation of glucose
Who was credited with the discovery of DNA?
James Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Watson
Whose research helped the discovery of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
In what year were the three men awarded the Nobel Prize for their discovery of DNA?
1962
What method of treating mental and emotional disorders by encouraging the patient to speak freely about their personal experiences?
psychoanalysis
What was PTSD previously known as?
Shell Shock
What are SSRIs?
Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitors
What are the two largest public health insurance programs ran by the government?
Medicare and Medicaid
What is the study of a person’s DNA sequences?
genomic medicine
What government funded insurance for individuals over the age of 65 and people of any age who have a disability or illness?
medicare
How many part is Medicare split into?
Four parts: A, B, C,D
How many base options are there in TRICARE?
three
What is the Military’s health insurance?
TRICARE
What form of government insurance provides wage replacements and medical benefits for employees injured at work?
Worker’s Compensations
What are the most common private managed care insurance?
Health Maintence Organization (HMOs) and Preferred Provider Orgainzation (PPOs)
What act in 1973 caused a rapid increase in the number of HMOs?
The Health Maintenance Act Organization Act of 1973
What federal agency’s mission is to promote public health?
the united states public health service
What does OSHA stand for?
The occupational safety and health Administration
What is the responsibility of OSHA?
to impose safety and health legislation to prevent injury, illness and death in the workspace
What does CDC stand for?
The center for disease Control and prevention
What is the job of the CDC?
to monitor and prevent disease outbreaks, respond to environmental emergies and provide research based health information to the public.
What does the FDA stand for?
the food and drug administration
What does NIH stand for?
the national institutes of health
Who is the world’s leading agency for medical research?
The National Institutes of health
What does WHO stand for?
World health Organization
What are short stay hospital referred to as?
Acute care facilities
What type of facilities generally house elderly or disabled patients that have medical problems that keep them from being able to take care of themselves?
long term care facilities
What medical facilities handle the most serious of emergencies?
trauma centers
What is another name for surgical centers?
ambulatory surgery centers
