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HRM Flashcards

1
Q

What is HRM?

A

HRM is the function of management that recruits, trains and rewards the workforce to ensure an excellent management-staff relationship.

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2
Q

What are the 6 functions of HRM?

A
  1. Manpower Planning
  2. Recruitment and Selection
  3. Training and Development
  4. Performance Appraisal
  5. Rewarding Staff
  6. Industrial Relations (Employer/Employee relationship)
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3
Q
  1. Manpower Planning. What is it?
A

Manpower planning involves:
– Forecasting Future Demand – Eg. How many employees are needed to achieve the objectives?

– Calculate the Existing Supply – Conduct an audit of the current staffs skills and expertise.

– Recruit – Where there is a shortage of staff or skill, Recruitment should take place.

  • Redundancies - If the company has an over supply of staff redundancies may need to take place
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4
Q
  1. Recruitment and Selection. What is it?
A

• Recruitment – The process of getting suitable candidates to apply for vacancies in a firm.

–Job Description must be prepared

– internal and external sources.

• Selection – Selecting the most suitable candidates for the job out off all the applicants.

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5
Q

Steps in Recruitment and Selection

A
  1. Job Description and Personal Specification
    - Job Description – Duties and Responsibilities of the job
    - Job Specification - Describes the type of Person needed
  2. Encourage suitable applications
    - The manager will use a mix of internal and external recruitment
  3. Screening
    - HR manager examines all applications and rejects the ones who do not meet requirements to create a shortlist.
  4. Selection Tests
    - Applicants go through a series of tests. Eg. Intelligence, aptitude and personality.
  5. Interview
    - Applicants will be called to interview so that the recruiter can learn more about the candidate.
  6. Check References
    - HR manager checks references to check accuracy of the information given.
  7. Offer the job
    - The job is offered to the best candidate.
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7
Q
  1. Training (Types) and Development
A

Induction Training - training given to new employees by employers to help them settle into their new workspace.

ON – THE – JOB training - Involves experienced staff teaching the employee the skills and knowledge required for the job in the workplace

OFF – THE – JOB training
Involves doing courses outside the workplace.

Development
Development means giving the employees life – long skills to help them grow as individuals and tackle any future challenges.

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8
Q
  1. Performance Appraisals. What is it?
A

This involves the HR manager assessing how each worker is doing and grading them on how well they perform tasks.

Workers who score highly may be rewarded, those who score badly will be given more training.

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9
Q

Importance of Performance Appraisal

A
  • Training Needs – It identifies employees who need training before it becomes a serious issue for the company.
  • Identifies Talent – It shows up employees who would be suitable for promotion. It helps managers decide who deserves bonuses.
  • Improves Communication – It improves communication between managers and employees
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10
Q

2010 (HL) Question 5 A

(i) Explain what is meant by performance appraisals
(ii) Outline the benefits of performance appraisals for a business.

A

(i) Performance Appraisals involves the HR manager assessing how each worker is doing and grading them on how well they perform tasks.
Workers who score highly may be rewarded, those who score badly will be given more training.

(ii) Training Needs – Identifies employees who need training before it becomes a serious issue for the company.
- Identifies Talent – It shows up employees who would be suitable for promotion. It helps managers decide who deserves bonuses.
- Improves Communication – It improves communication between managers and employees

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11
Q
  1. Rewarding Staff
A

Rewarding Staff for excellent work is essential. Is motivates the staff and therefore increases productivity. Rewards can be financial and non-financial.

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12
Q

Financial Rewards

A

• Wages and Salaries
– Flat Rate (Fixed amount each month or week)
– Time Rate (Employee paid a fixed hourly rate)
– Piece Rate (Employees are paid on the amount of goods the produce)

• Bonus
– Payment made to employees for the achievement of a target.

• Commission
–An extra payment is made based on the value of goods sold.

•Profit Sharing
– A profit-sharing scheme is where the firm share part of the profits with employees. It is paid in addition to there wages.

• Share Ownership
– Employees are given free or cheap shares in the business. It provides a big incentive as the better the business does, the better the dividend the employee will receive and the more the shares will be worth.

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13
Q

Non-Financial Rewards

A

• Job Enlargement
– Employees are given extra duties to relieve their boredom without extra responsibility.

• Job Enrichment
– Employees are given greater responsibility with tasks that develop them.

•Benefit in Kind
–These are rewards that are given to employees in non-monetary form, e.g. a company car, subsidised meals or free membership of sports clubs.

•Improved Conditions
– Employees may receive simple benefits such as Flexitime

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14
Q

2013 (HL) Question 5 B

ii) Explain the different types of financial and non-financial types of rewards for employees in a business. (20 Marks

A

(ii) Financial Rewards
Wages or Salary
This is the main reward for most employees. It can be calculated in reference to a flat-rate (basic pay), a time-rate (e.g. per hour) or a piece-rate (per-unit of work done).

Share ownership
Some employees may be given shares in the company as part of their remuneration.

Non Financial Rewards:
Benefits-in-kind
These are rewards that are given to employees in non-monetary form, e.g. a company car, subsidised meals or free membership of sports clubs.

Improved Working Conditions
Employees may receive simple benefits such as Flexitime (Setting there own working hours within certain frames set out by the employer).

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15
Q
  1. Employer/Employee Relationships
A

• The HR Manager is responsible for ensuring good industrial relations in the business.

Industrial Relations refers to the quality of the relationship that exists between the employer and employees in the business.

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16
Q

Team Work

A

Team Work is a group of people working together towards shared objectives

• Teams can be long term (sales team) or short term (set up for some purpose)

When setting up a team management must:
–Decide objectives
–Decide deadlines
–Get resources needed

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17
Q

Benefits and Problems of Team Work

A 
Benefits:
• Everyone involved
• Increases motivation
• Creative solutions found
• Better solutions found
• Support each other
• Increased job satisfaction
Potential Problems: 
• Personality clashes
• Agreement can be slow to reach
• Negative attitudes 
• Untrained team members

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