HR-The nature and development of HR

Question 1

Define Human rights

Answer 1

Entitlements that we deserve to enjoy simply by virtue of our humanity

Question 2

What are the 5 characteristics of Human rights

Answer 2

1. Universal
2. Inalienable
3. Inherent
4. Indivisible
5. Interdependent

Question 3

What is Natural Law

Answer 3

A theory that certain laws come from an unchanging natural body of moral principles that are the basis for all human conduct, and so have validity everywhere

Question 4

What is the significance of the Magna Carta (1215)

Answer 4

First written document that outlines human rights. Also set the rule of law. Later documents were also influenced by the Magna Carta.

Question 5

What is the significance of the English Bill of Rights (1688)

Answer 5

Outlined individual rights such as freedom to elect parliament and access to a fair trial. Transferred power from the monarchy to parliament.

Question 6

What is the significance of the US Bill of Rights (1791)

Answer 6

Based on the theory of natural law. Implications of judicial review to make sure all rights are being held up.

Question 7

Evidence for The abolition of slavery

Answer 7

• Slavery abolishment Act 1833 (UK)
• Article four, UDHR
• The Queen v Wei Tang (2006)

Question 8

Evidence for Trade unionism and Labour rights

Answer 8

• International Labour organisation (1919)
• Fair work Act 2009 (Cth)

Question 9

Evidence for Universal Suffrage

Answer 9

• People Act 1918 (UK)
• Article 21, UDHR
• Commonwealth electoral Act 1918 (Cth)

Question 10

Define the International Bill of Rights

Answer 10

United nations human rights policies that define and protect human rights

Question 11

Describe the UDHR (1948)

Answer 11

Sets out the basic rights and freedoms that apply to all people, set up in 1948 after the result of WWII

Question 12

List 5 rights the UDHR protects

Answer 12

1. Right to equality
2. Freedom from discrimination
3. Right to life, liberty, and personal security
4. Freedom from slavery
5. Freedom from torture and degrading treatment

Question 13

How has the UDHR contributed to the development of human rights

Answer 13

• Foundation for International HR laws
• Created universal principles
• Inspiration for treaties such as ICESCR and ICCPR (1966)
• Global advocacy

Question 14

What does the ICCPR (1966) stand for

Answer 14

International covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)

Question 15

Describe the ICCPR (1966)

Answer 15

Lists HR issues and rules to protect them in accordance to civil and political rights

Question 16

List 5 rights the ICCPR (1966) protects

Answer 16

1.Right to life (art 6)
2. Freedom from medical experimentation (art 7)
3. Freedom from slavery (art 8)
4. Right to self determination
5. No derogation (art 4)

Question 17

How has the ICCPR contributed to the development of human rights

Answer 17

• Creates legal enforcement upon countries that signed
• Monitoring mechanism, makes sure there are no breaches (Human rights committee)
• Promotes HR
• Global advocacy

Question 18

What does the ICESCR (1966) stand for

Answer 18

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)

Question 19

Describe the ICESCR (1966)

Answer 19

Lists human rights issues and rules to protect them in accordance to economic, social and cultural rights

Question 20

List 5 rights the ICESCR (1966) protects

Answer 20

1. Right to work (art 6)
2. Right to have self-determination (art 1)
3. Ensure equal rights of men and women (art 3)
4. Right to social security (art 9)
5. Right of an adequate standard of life (art 11)

Question 21

How has the ICESCR (1966) contributed to the development of human rights

Answer 21

• creates a framework for human rights
• creates legal obligations to signatory countries
• creates awareness