HP 1 and 2 vocab (V2.)

Question 1

African Slave Trade

Answer 1

What: Around 1526 to 1867. This trade took 10-12 million slaves from ______ towards the Americas for labor.

When: Some states grew wealthier and powerful, while others suffered. Slaves were taken from their homes and many places were depopulated. Areas such as the Americas and Europe gained profits and better developments due to the sacrifices the slaves had.

Question 2

Charter Companies

Answer 2

What: Associations that have investors and shareholders that are granted rights by the royal charter for the purpose of trade, colonization, exploration, etc.

When: Allowed the King to give power to others. This let people create colonies and govern themselves. (Later on, this can be proved problematic)

Question 3

Christopher Columbus

Answer 3

What: An Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer. He was searching for a new way towards Asia straight from Europe in the water ways. Instead, he found the Americas.

When: With his explorations, he became world known and it launched multiple centuries worth of European exploration and colonization.

Question 4

Conquistadors

Answer 4

What: Military explorers sent by the Spaniards (the Crown), which their duty was to claim the lands within America. They also were used to convert “Heathens” and enrich themselves and the crown.

When: While they conquered, they destroyed native homes and societies when they came into contact with them. They were seen as brutal yet they were the founding origins of Modern Portuguese.

Question 5

Encomienda

Answer 5

What: A formal labor system that involved the Spanish colonies. For example, the Spaniards would grant the conquistadors a number of “indies” (native Americans) that lived in a specific area which they used for their hard labor.

When: Encouraged conquest and colonization among others. It gave free labor to the new colonies.

Question 6

Iroquois

Answer 6

What: A confederacy that consisted of a few tribes that primarily lived within the Southern parts of Ontario and Quebec, as well as New York.

When: They led to the formation of the now known United States and helped show what our present day democracy is like.

Question 7

Matrilineal

Answer 7

What: A practice within society where as the women are passed down the wealth, family line, power, and more.

When: A practice within society where as the women are passed down the wealth, family line, power, and more.

Question 8

Jamestown

Answer 8

What: The first successful permanent English settlement that was in the North Americas.

When: It was a prime example for how to be a stable community and how to survive in the new expectations for the Americas.

Question 9

Mestizos

Answer 9

What: mixed race (typically American Indian and European (white) ancestry).

When: They were significant because they took up the majority of the Spanish American population.

Question 10

Puebla Revolt

Answer 10

What: A revolution against Spanish religious, political institutions, and economics that were imposed upon them.

When: They were the largest and most successful Native American uprising in American history. It was a highly effective resistance movement that influenced many others to do the same.

Question 11

Puritans

Answer 11

What: Non-separatists who wanted to adopt different reforms which they would then use to purify the Church of England.

When: They successfully established the first form of a representative government in America and then had a written document for the government, which was classified as the Mayflower Compact.

Question 12

Separatists

Answer 12

What: Protestants (English) who did not accept any form of allegiance with the Church of England

When: The significance with them is that they founded the Plymouth Colony. they successfully established the first form of a representative government in America and then had a written document for the government, which was classified as the Mayflower Compact.

Question 13

Smallpox

Answer 13

What: A serious viral disease that can cause scarring and death. Smallpox is an acute contagious disease caused by the variola virus. It caused millions of deaths before it was eradicated.

When: ________ was wiped out worldwide by 1980. It’s no longer found naturally in the world. But samples of the virus have been kept in labs for use in research. The disease appeared in southern Africa in 1713 , and by the end of the 18th century, it was considered a major global endemic disease.

Question 14

Tenochtitlan

Answer 14

What: A capital of a society, the Aztec Empire. It had a population estimated to be around 150,000.

When: They grew to be of great wealth. They conquered many and had tributes towards them, which helped them become even stronger.

Question 15

Henry Hudson

Answer 15

What: An explorer that tried to find a shorter route from Europe to Asia through the Arctic Ocean.

When: He never found the route but he did contribute significantly to the navigational geography of North America.

Question 16

Mercantilism

Answer 16

What: Sought to increase the prosperity and power of an empire through restrictive profit trades.

When: Brought out many bad things that later changed in history like slavery and an unbalanced trade system.

Question 17

Corn (Maize) Cultivation

Answer 17

What: A big part of the Mayans and Aztecs community; it was used for trade and a stable source of food.

When: The stable source of food allowed for populations to grow and allowed for trade to keep progressing.

Question 18

Catholic Missions (Spanish)

Answer 18

What: Established
for the purpose of religious conversion and instruction in the Catholic Faith

When: The system served as the primary means of integrating Indians into the political and economic structure of Florida’s colonial system.

Question 19

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 19

What: Kicked out of the puritans community because she spoke her mind too much. She was a feminist and at the time feminist weren’t allowed to be there.

When: A woman who fought for women’s rights which challenged the men’s authority. In addition to there being acceptable gender roles.

Question 20

Head-right System

Answer 20

What: Was created to bring many colonies together and under more direct control of the British Crown.

When: King James ll created this in the 17th century so he could control the affairs of the colonies more directly.

Question 21

King Phillips War

Answer 21

What: Virginia’s attempt to bring immigrants to it, by offering 50 acres of land to each one.

When: It was put in place to hopefully help with the labor shortage, they need more laborers for the tobacco farms and other types of farms that were being made.

Question 22

Dominion of New England

Answer 22

What: The Native Americans last stand against the New England colonies, where they tried to fight so they could avoid English authority.

When: This was the final attempt to drive out the Colonists and is considered the deadliest war America has ever seen.

Question 23

Theocracy

Answer 23

What: A form of government where they believe a priest should rule by taking orders from a Deity or God. Most of their rules were based on their religious laws.

When: It showed how the states can understand themselves as being collectively governed by God himself.

Question 24

Mayflower Compact

Answer 24

What: An agreement that bound the colonists together and had them agree to listen to the government and legal system established in Plymouth Colony.

When: It brought the English concepts of Law and Liberty to the New World.

Question 25

Navigation Acts

Answer 25

What: A series of laws that the British Parliament put in place to put restrictions on colonial trade.

When: The British empire did this act so that they couple develop their own productions and rely less on foreign imported goods.

Question 26

Pequot War

Answer 26

What: Aas fought because of the control of trade and land. The English puritans were expanding into the ______ territory because they wanted a piece of the fur trade, which was already being run by the Dutch and _______. This created a big tension which led to a war.

When: Marked the negative impact the European colonizers had on the Native Americans because they English settlers won but this deeply hurt the Native Americans.

Question 27

Virginia House of Burgesses

Answer 27

What: The first assembly of democratically elected legislative body in the British American Colonies.

When: It was the first baseline of the legislative branch as we know it now; it was the first assembly of this kind of government.

Question 28

John Smith

Answer 28

What: An English explorer who played an important role in establishing Jamestown. He was also an author, admiral, adventurer, and a colonial governor.

When: He was significant during his time because he helped organize the first successful colony in the new world. He saved many from death during the winter and initiated attacks on Natives to gain control.

Question 29

William Penn

Answer 29

What: An English religious and social reformer and founder of the province of Pennsylvania. He allowed for the freedom of worship in his colony after the persecution in England due to his Quaker Belief

When: He founded Pennsylvania and that he was a safe place for other people who practiced the Quaker religion as well as many other different religions.

Question 30

John Winthrop

Answer 30

What: A puritan leader and the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony. He played an important role within the establishment, governance, and growth of this colony as well.

When: He was significant because helped shape the legislative policy within the Massachusetts Bay colony. He ushered Puritans to spread religious rights throughout the whole world.

Question 31

Indentured Servitude

Answer 31

What: There was a need for cheap labor. They retrieved indentured servants from Africa.

When: Paved the way for their to be slavery in the U.S. In addition to this they were very profitable.

Question 32

Great Awakening

Answer 32

What :A religious movement that went across the British North American Colonies.

When: A long lasting effect on the political and religious parts of America.

Question 33

Slave Codes

Answer 33

What: Laws that were based on the idea that enslaved people were property and they had few or no legal rights.

When: It granted certain freedoms to African Americans including the rights to buy/own property, marry ect. This was used to hold the African-American community down.

Question 34

Stono Rebellion

Answer 34

What: A slave revolt that occurred September 9th, 1739. This was a revolt against the British colonies. Slaves gathered and raided a firearms shop, and headed south, killing more than 20 white people as they went.

When: It showed the tensions in the British, North American colonies that occurred in slave states throughout the next century. Slaves were oppressed by a brutal system of forced labor and sometimes violently rebelled.

Question 35

The Enlightenment

Answer 35

What:
When:

Question 36

Roanoke

Answer 36

What: The first colony established in North America. During 1587, it was created within North Carolina on “__________ Island”.

When: It was the first attempt at a colony and establishing a government in the new lands. It also was an influence to establish newer colonies.