How to Study Korean Unit 1 Flashcards by Emily Miltenberger

history

역사

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

economy

경제

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

culture

문화

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the Korean War

한국 전쟁

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

stock market

주식시장

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

TOPIK

한국어능력시험

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

tree/wood

나무

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

sofa

소파

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

magazine

잡지

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

refrigerator

냉장고

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

airport

공항

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to want (an object)

원하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to be old (a thing)

particulary - worn out

낡다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to be old (thing)

particularly - old but in good condition

오래되다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to hold (a meeting or a party)

열다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to be old (person)

늙다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

very

매우

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to get lost (on the street, when traveling)

길을 잃다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to cross a street

길을 건너다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

4 way intersection

사거리

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3 way intersection

삼거리

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

I have a good idea (lit. A good thought came up)

좋은 생각이 났어요.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are you thinking?

무슨 생각해?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to be living (ant. dead)

살아 있다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

riskiness

위험성

to be dangerous

위험하다

something that is dangerous (noun)

위험물

another

또 따른

to expect

기대하다

to cross

건너다

to throw

던지다

to leave from someplace particularly --> leaving forever or for a very long time

떠나다

to die (lit. to leave the world)

세상을 떠나다

to joke (joke)

농담하다(농담)

to be boring

지루하다

to be too thin (descr. a person, neg connotation & frequently used in the past tense)

마르다

to be dry particularly used to convey thirst

마르다

the day after tomorrow

모래

boss

부장님

the atmosphere (referring to the feeling of a space or place)

분위기 ex. 이도시는 분위기가 좋아요.

glue

풀

capital city

수도

disease or sickness

병

incurable disease

불치병

infectious disease

전염병

fish (meat that is eaten)

생선

hill

언덕

to go up a hill

언덕을 올라가다

to try

노력하다 notes: typically used w/ ~려고 ex. 한국어를 배우력고 노력하고 있어요.

the state of already being seated

앉아 있다

in the process of sitting down

앉고있다

to sleep in

늦잠 자다 | ex. 늦잠 자고 싶어

to clean

청소하다

vacuum cleaner

청소기

to take a class

수업을 듣다

to listen

들어보다

to be slow (often - too slow)

느리다

eyebrow

눈썹

location of work

직장 ex. 직장에서 일찍 퇴군했어요. note: English refers to "work" as both the activity and the place. In korean, these are differentiated.

wall

벽

wallpaper

벽지

cliff

절벽

to lean against a wall

벽에 기대다

hair (not on one's head), fur

털 | e.g. 코털

early morning

새벽

to build

짓다

to lock

잠그다 ex. 문을 잠갔어요.

``` to miss (a thing) e.g. I miss the beach. ```

그립다 | ex. 저는 바다가 그리워요.

to be dirty (as in physically dirty)

더럽다

to be safe

안전하다

to be hard/rigid

딱딱하다 | e.g. 이 빵은 너무 딱딱해!

to be soft (physically)

부드럽다

to be possible

가능하다 | ex. 그것이 가능하다고 생각해요?

possibility

가능성 ex. 북한 사람들이 북한에서 탈출할 때도 잡혀서 죽을 가능이 있어요. It is possible (lit. there is a possibility) for North Korean people to be captured and killed even when they are trying to escape the country.

to be impossible

불가능하다

machine

기계

place

곳

same time

동시 ex. 모든 학생들은 동시에 교실에서 나왔어요. All the students came out of the classroom at the same time.

daytime

낮

east

동

south

남

west

서

north

북

to make a mistake

실수하다

to repair

수리하다

to hold on tightly

꽉 잡다

to take a place and sit down

자리를 잡다

to pay a bill

청구서를 내다

to be impressed

감동 받다

to be respected

존경 받다

to be perfect

완벽하다

perfection

완벽

perfectionist

완벽주의자

importance

중요성

to be young (descr. person)

젊다

to be unhealthy

건강에 나쁘다

factory

공장

factory worker

공장 노동자

to get a fever

열이 나다

for a fever to go down

열이 내리다

theater particularly for plays and performances

극장

place/location

장소

sign note: not traffic signs, those that hang outside businesses

간판

to change one's job

직업을 바꾸다

to look for a job

직업을 구하다

class fees

수업료

supplemental class

부충 수업

price

값

passport

여권

to apply for a passport

여권을 신청하다

towel

수건

to wipe with a towel

수건으로 닦다

physical education

체육

to act | note: not as in "actor" but how you behave

행동하다 | ex. 부모님 앞에서 그렇게 행동하지 마세요.

to discover

박견하다

to lose (not in a game sense)

잃다

to lose one's memory

기억을 잃다

to go crazy/lose your mind

정신을 잃다

to turn off

끄다

to change clothes

갈아입다

to clothe something

입히다

to take off (your) clothes

벗다

to take clothes off something or someone else

벗기다

to be shy (referring to oneself)

부끄럽다

to be shy (referring to someone else)

붂러워하다

health check up

건강 검진

health insurance

건강보험

the present

현재 common usage: 현재끼지 (until now)

at first

처음에

from the beginning

처음부터

from start to finish

처음부터 끝까지

for the first time in a long time

오랜만에 처음으로

counter for automobiles

대

chance/opportunity

기회

to miss an opportunity

기회를 놓치다

to seize an opportunity

기회를 잡다

to gain an opportunity

기회를 얻다

chef

요리사

driver

운전사

to run

달리다

to driver

운전하다

drunk driving

음주 운전

international driver's license

국제운전며ㄴ허

death

죽음

phrase "so difficult that one could die"

힘들어 죽겠다

phrase "so full that one could die"

배불러 죽겠다

to be scared/afraid or something is scary particularly - referring to psychological things as in fear of death or fear of the future

두렵다

to look strange

이상해 보이다

to be nothing unusual

이상한 것이 없다

a strange feeling

아상한 느낌

month counter (native korean)

달

month counter (sino korean)

개 월

all day

하루 종일

for one day

하루 동안

three times per day

하루에 세 번

one night

하룻밤

one day

하루

two days

이틀

three days

사흘

last year

작년

this year

올해

next year

내년

throughout my whole life

평새 동안 | ex. 저는 평생 동안 오렌지를 세 번밖에 안 먹어 봤어요.

lifelong companion

평생 동반자

store assistant

점원

the meaning of life

삶의 의미

meaning

의미가 있는

situation

상황 | ex. 저는 그 상황을 처음부터 끄까지 몰랐어요.

oil/grease/gasoline

기름

lifestyle/life

생활

to whisper

속삭이다

to study abroad

유학하다

to fall

넘어지다 ex. 길이 미끄러워서 저는 넘어졌어요.

to almost fall

넘어질 뻔하다

to read a book | chinese influenced

독서하다

reading rom

독서실

the first (departing) station

출발역

the point of departure

출발점

to get off/go down/come down

내리다

to get off the subway

전철에서 내리다

to come out

나오다

the pen isn't working (lit. ink isn't coming out of the pen)

펜이 안 나오다

to be/appear in a movie

영화에 나오다

How much do you weigh?

몇 킬로 나가요?

to participate in a competition

시합에 나가다

to go out/to leave

나가다

to apply

신청하다

application form

신청서

application deadline

신청마감일

to apply for a scholarship

장학금을 신청하다

to go against one's conscience (lit. to sell one's soul)

양심을 팔다

to be thin (referring to objects)

얇다

moderately

적당히

to look young

어려 보이다

to be young

어리다

fairly/quite

꽤

any time

아무 때나

at that time

그때

until that time

그때까지

from that time

그때부터

to admit the truth

사실을 인정하다

toothpaste

치약

to prescribe medicine

약을 짓다/처방하다

to play music (with an instrument)

음악을 연주하다

land

땅

peanut

땅콩

underground

지하

underground floor/basement

지하층

bakery

빵집

bread crust

빵 껍질

accountant

회계사

to lose a tooth

이가 빠지다

to use a toothpick to pick one's teeth

이를 쑤시다

to get a tooth pulled

이를 뺴다

to have your teeth feel cold

이가 시리다

government

정부

personality

성격

differences in personalities

성격 차이

high temperature

높은 온도

low temperature

낮은 온도

temperature indoors

실내온도

increase the temperature

온도를 높이다

decrease the temperature

온도를 내리다

one's body temperature

체온

close the curtains

커튼을 치다

to breathe (generally in or out)

숨을 쉬다

to exhale

숨은 내쉬다

to inhale

숨을 들이마시다

preparation period

준비기간

to come in

들어오다

to go in

들어가다

to contain something

돌어가 있다 | ex. 감치에 고추가 들어가 있어요.

to enter (often used in reference to admission)

입장하다

free admission

무료입장

admission price

입장료

to be interesting

흥미롭다

to be jealous

질투하다

the feeling of jealousy

질투심

to feel as though ones eyes are burning

눈이 맵다

to be heavy

무겁다

to be light

가볍다

to be familiar with something (to be used to something)

익속하다

to be accustomed to xyz

~에 익속하다

for something to smell terrible

냄새가 지독하다

for a smell of something to "come out"

냄새가 나다

to smell (verb) a smell (noun)

냄새를 맡다

smell (very positive connotation)

향

to wash your face

얼굴을 씻다

for one's face to be red

얼굴이 빨갛다

market

시장

body weight

몸무게

one's figure

몸매

naked

알몸

to have the lights go out

불이 나가다

to turn off the lights

불을 끄다

flame

불꽃

one's memory ability

기억력

for the wind to blow

바람이 불다

to go out and enjoy the breeze

바람을 쐬다

a very cold wind

칼 바람

rainstorm

비바람

tax

세금

to pay taxes

세금을 내다

to collect taxes

세금을 징수하다

income tax

소득세

to turn on

켜다

to be turned on (passive)

켜지다

to turn off

끄다

to be turned off (passive)

꺼지다

to hide oneself

숨다

to be hidden

숨이 있다

to hide an object

숨기다

to be broken

고장 나다

to lay an object down

놓다

to be in a state of having been lied down (object)

놓이다

to lie down (yourself)

눕다

to be lying down

누워 있다

to do something while lying down

누워서...하다

to lay another person down

눕히다

to respect

존경하다 ex. 아이들은 자기 부모님을 존경해야 돼요.

to replace

대체하다

to provide, to offer

제공하다

to include

포함하다 | ex. 이 가격은 세금을 포함해요.

a fight

싸움

to fight

싸우다

to trick somebody

속이다

to be tricked

속다

to do something while standing

서서 하다 ex. 저는 줄에 서서 수서를 기디렸어요. I stood in line and waited for my turn.

to be (already in the state of) standing

서 있다

to have a fever (for a fever to come up)

열이 나다

to think of (for a thought to come up)

색각이 나다

to get angry (for anger to come up)

화나다

to get jealous (for jealousy to come up)

질투가 나다

to get annoyed (for annoyance to come up)

짜증이 나다

to be open

여려 있다 The door is open(ed). 문이 열려 있어요. 열리다 The door will probable be open. 문이 열려 있을 것 같아요.

to be closed

닫히다 The door was closed by the wind. 문은 바람에 닫혔어요. 닫혀 있다 The door was closed (existing closed). 문이 닫혀 있어요.

how does one change an active 하다 verb to a passive one?

``` change 하다 to 되다 e.g. 모함하다 (to include) --> 포함되다 (to be included) This price includes tax (이 값은 세금을 포함행.) The tax is included (세금은 포함돼요.) ```

to break

고장 내다

to finish

끝내다

to be finished (in a state of completion)

끝나다

motion sickness

멀미

to get motion sick

멀미가 나다

for a war to break out

전쟁이 나다

war

전쟁

sweat

땀

to sweat

딴이 나다

accident

사고

line, string, rope, queue

줄

jump rope

줄넘기

to be standing in line

줄에 서 있다

a cough

기침

diarrhea

설수

the flue

독감

sneeze

재채기

to hold a sneeze

재채기를 참다

hobby

취미

something intended for use for families

가족용

skill or ability (often acquired from training)

실력

to increase one's ability

실력을 늘리다

for one's ability to be increased

실력이 늘다

for one's skills to go down

실력이 떨어지다

cousin

사촌

past (used as an adverb only to discuss something happened)

과거

one's heart/mind

마음 e.g. 그 사람의 마음은 따뜻해요.

as one wishes

마음 대로 | e.g. 마음 대로 하세요.

to like something (it pleases your heart)

마음에 들다

to change one's mind

마음이 변하다

to feel guilty about something (be caught in one's heart)

마음에 걸리다

to make up one's mind

마음을 절하다

shadow

그림자

in one's dream

꿈속에

in the water

물속

to lift, to carry, to hold

들다

to raise one's head/hand

고개/손을 들다

to bring (an object)

가져오다

to bring/take an object

가져가다

to turn, to run a machine, to hand out

돌리다

washing machine

세탁

to turn oneself

돌다

to come back/to go back

돌아오다/돌아가다

to look back

돌아보다 | e.g. 저는 그녀를 돌아봤어요.

(hon.) to pass away

돌아가시다

to give something back

돌려주다

to hang

걸다 | e.g. 시잔을 벽에 걸었어요.

to start the engine of your car

시동을 걸다

to call (to call someone as), to call out

부르다

to insert, to put inside

넣다

to show off

자랑하다 | e.g. 자라히지 마세요!

to be proud

자랑스럽다

to be hanging

걸리다 | e.g. 그림은 벽에 걸려 있어요.

to be caught/stuck/trapped

걸리다 | e.g. 나는 줄에 걸렸어

to take a certain amount of time

걸리다 | e.g. 서울부터 인천까지 2시간 걸려요.

economical (regarding economics NOT thrifty)

경제적 | e.g. 미국은 경제적인 결정을 했어요.

economic reason

경제적인 이유

economic decision

경제적인 결정

economically

경제적으로

historical

역사적

historically

역사적으로 | e.g. 한국과 미국은 역사적으로 좋은 관계가 있다.

scientific research

과학연구

natural sciences

자연과학

scientific

과학적이다

scientifically

과학적으로 | e.g. 그들든 그 문제를 과학적으로 풀었다.

impulsive

충동적이다

an impulse or a shock

충동 i.e. I couldn't resist the urge to kiss her. 저는 그년한테 키스하고싶은 충동을 참지 못했어요.

impulsively

충동적으로

cultural

문화적이다

differences in culture

문화 차이

Eastern culture

동구문화

western culture

서구문화

culturally

문화적으로

democracy

민주 (주의) | i.e. 북한 사람들은 미주주의가 무엇인지 몰라요.

democrat

민주주의자

democratic

민주적이다 | i.e. 미국은 민주적인 나라예요.

democratically

민주적으로

individual/personal

개인 | i.e. 그 헬스장은 개인 사물함은 제고히요.

individually/personally

개인적으로 | i.e. 저는 그녀랑 개인적으로 얘기하고싶어요.

nature

자연

the laws of nature

자연의 법치

to be natural

자연스럽다

disappointment

실망

to be disappointed

실망하다 | i.e. 저는 실망했어요.

to be disappointing

실망스럽다 | i.e. 격과는 조금 실망스러웠어요.

to love each other

서로 사랑하다

to be lovely

사랑스럽다

to do something lovingly

사랑스럽게

satisfaction

만족

to be satisfied

만족하다

to satisfy (someone or something)

만족시키다

to be satisfactory

만족스럽다 | i.e. 결과는 만족스려웠어요.

relationship

관계

result

결과

for results to come out

결과가 나오다

world (connotation - everything in the world, can be used metaphysically)

세상

world (connotation - geographical, more literal)

세계

world peace

세계 평화

globalization

세계 지도

the whole world

전 세계

conversation (typically when placed after the name of a language to refer to the conversation aspect of said language)

회화 | i.e. 영어회화수업

text message

문자

to respond to a text message

문자에 답장하다

title of something

제목

recent

최근 | i.e. 최근 날씨가 추워요.

to untie, to unfasten, to loosen

풀다

to blow one's nose

코를 풀다

to solve a problem

문제를 풀다

to untie one's shoes

신발끈을 풀다

to go somewhere frequently

다니다

to wander around

돌아다니다

to attend school

학교를 다니다

to go and then come back

다녀오다

to believe, to trust

믿다

to be pure (can mean in an innocent sense but also in terms of purity of quality)

순수하다

leaf

잎

for fruit to go bad

과일이 상하다

for fruit to be fresh

과일이 신선하다

to be drunk

술에 취하다

to use an umbrella to cover someone else

우산을 씌우다

church

교회

river

강

kitchen

부역

homeroom teacher

담임선생님

knife

칼

a very cold wind

칼 바람

the blade of a knife

갈날

to step on

발을 밟다

education

교육

education system

교육 제도

for one's feelings to be hurt

기분이 상하다

forest fire

산불

to change the order

순서를 바꾸다

in order

순서대로

to do badly on a test

시험을 망하다

to stay at a place

머무르다

to send a package

택배를 보내다

to send back (return)

돌려보내다

to invite

초대하다

to be poor

가난하다 i.e. a poor person - 가난한 사람

counter for books/magazines and the like

권

rumor

소문

false rumor

헛소문

to spread rumors

소문을 내다

charger

충전기

to charge (as in to replenish battery)

충전하다

bill

청구서

cashier

계산원

calculator

계산기

business trip

출장

rice cooker

밥솥

novel

소설

novelist

소설기

encyclopedia

백과사전

scissors

가위

visiting team

원정팀

to cheer for a team

팀을 응원하다

to dispatch an army

군대를 파견하다

to command an army

군대를 지휘하다

soldier

군인

map

지도

to put something on someone's shoulders

어깨에 메다

to massage one's shoulders

어깨를 주무르다

air

공기

for the air to be dry

건조하다

dawn

새벽

inside

내부

outside

외부

to fire a person

사람을 자르다

to ask, to request

요청하다

to be wet

젓다

to be unfortunate

안타깝다

mainly/mostly

주로

korean food

한식

western food

양식

constellation

별자리

attitude

태도

good attitude/bad attitude

좋은 태도/ 나쁜 태도

pay check

월급

to get a raise

월급이 오르다

to get a pay cut

월급이 깎이다

downtown (common usage form)

시내

downtown (academic or more formal usage)

도심

memory (in reference to the more dry and cut basic ability of recall)

기억

memory (in a nostalgic sense, memories you have of times of the past)

추억

to make memories (lit. to pile up memories)

추억을 쌓다

to make memories

추억을 만들다

candidate

후보자

anniversary

주년 example: 내일은 우리의 1주년이에요.

body position/posture

자세

usual (often referring to daily routine, but has general usage as well)

평소

to wash

씻다

to confirm or check

확인하다

to gather

모으다 | example: 그는 옛날 동전을 모아요.

to save money

돈을 모으다

to collect something

xyz를 모으다

to be gathered

모이다 example: 교실에 학생들이 모였어요.

collection

수집

to collect

수집하다

to recommend

추천하다

recommendation letter

추천서

to be narrow

좁다

to be lazy

게으르다

to be comfortable (abstract - referring to one's life or the mood of a place)

안락하다 example: 스타벅스의 내부 부위기가 매우 안락해요.

many types of something

여러 가지 | example: 저는 여러 가지의 단어를 배우고 싶어요.

master/owner/proprietor

주인

landlord

집주인

the main character in a movie/story

주인공

temperature (of the weather)

기온

the highest temperature (of the weather)

최고기온

the lowest temperature (of the weather)

최저기온

mirror

거울

powder

가루

flour

밀가루

pollen

꽃가루

to be muscular

근육질이다

to build muscles

근육을 키우다

darkness

어둠

to be dark

어둡다

basic/basics

기본

basic fare

기본요금

basically

기본적으로

accident

사고

car/traffic accident

교통사고

for an accident to happen

사고가 나다

traffic jam

교통혼잡

to treat somebody

대우하다

to treat nicely

친절하게 대우하다

to treat badly

함부로 대우하다

to treat evently

동등하게 대우하다

to treat fairly

공평하게 대우하다

to retire

퇴직하다

to receive (note: the use/meaning of this is a bit unusual - see example sentence and explanation)

접수하다 example: 저는 서울대학교에 원서를 접수했어요. literally - Seoul University received my application. (I applied to Seoul Uni/I gave my application to Seoul Uni.)