How the synoptic gospels came into being?

Question 1

What biblical criticism relates to the oral tradition?

Answer 1

Form Criticism

Question 2

What biblical criticism relates to the reasons for the gospels being written down?

Answer 2

Redaction Criticism

Question 3

What biblical criticism relates to the relationship between the three gospels?

Answer 3

Source Criticism

Question 4

What biblical criticism relates to the Priority of Mark?

Answer 4

Source Criticism

Question 5

What biblical criticism relates to the reasons for writers editing material?

Answer 5

Redaction Criticism

Question 6

What biblical criticism relates to whether the gospels are accurate?

Answer 6

Source/Form/Redaction Criticism

Question 7

What is the oral tradition?

Answer 7

It was how the gospels were spread by word of mouth

Question 8

If the oral tradition exists, what are the written gospels?

Answer 8

They are historical documentation of the oral gospels

Question 9

Why should be question what happened to the Gospel message before it came to be written down?

Answer 9

Because it was probably written 30-40 years after Jesus’s death and could have easily been adapted in the years between

Question 10

What are three ways the Christian message may have been spread?

Answer 10

Public Preaching
Hymn Writing
Private Witness

Question 11

Who would have publicly preached the Gospel message?

Answer 11

The apostles or early church leaders

Question 12

How were Hymns used?

Answer 12

In worship to express beliefs

Question 13

Who would have been private witness?

Answer 13

Individuals who wanted to share their experiences and faith to neighbours or other towns they were in

Question 14

Give an example of Public Preaching

Answer 14

Acts 2

Question 15

Give an example of Hymn Writing

Answer 15

Philippians 2:6-11

Question 16

What do scholars differ on when referring to the oral tradition?

Answer 16

How conservative tradition was

What the purposes of gospels were

Question 17

What did Bultmann say about Form Criticism?

Answer 17

“I do indeed now think that we can know among nothing concerning the life and personality of Jesus”

Question 18

What did Kelber believe about Form Criticism?

Answer 18

“Orality was flexible, but textuality was firm, so taken together we could support both.”

Question 19

Which gospel did Wrede study?

Answer 19

Mark

Question 20

What does Wrede’s criticisms concern?

Answer 20

The Messianic Secret

Question 21

What does Wrede say about Redaction Criticism?

Answer 21

That Jesus’s identity was fabricated to explain why no one recognised Jesus as messiah

Question 22

What gospel did Bornkamm focus on?

Answer 22

Matthew

Question 23

What does Bornkamm say about Redaction Criticism?

Answer 23

Matthew reaaranged the gospels to add a theological influence

Question 24

What did Lessing suggest?

Answer 24

He proposed that similarities between gospels could be explained by a common written source

Question 25

What did Holtzmann suggest?

Answer 25

He came up with two source theory

Question 26

What did Streeter suggest?

Answer 26

He came up with four source theory

Question 27

What does Greisbach suggest?

Answer 27

That Matthew must have come first because it was an apostolic source

Question 28

What did Bultmann say about form criticism?

Answer 28

I do indeed now think we can know almost nothing concerning the life and personality of Jesus

Question 29

What did Dodd say about form criticism?

Answer 29

The gospels are an expression of the faith of the church, which was the belief that Jesus…rose from the dead

Question 30

What did Kelber say about form criticism?

Answer 30

That orality was flexible but textually was firm and so taken together we could support both

Question 31

What did Wrede say about Mark?

Answer 31

That the secrecy about Jesus’ identity was fabricated to make up for no one recognising him as the messiah

Question 32

What did Borkmann say about Redaction Criticism in Matthew?

Answer 32

That rearranging pericope adds theological influence

Question 33

What did Conzelmann say about Luke and Redaction Criticism?

Answer 33

That unlike Matthew and his immediate eschatology Luke focuses away from parousia

Question 34

What did Reinarus say about redaction criticism?

Answer 34

That the stories about Jesus were exaggerated to make him seem more miraculous

Question 35

What did Lessing propose?

Answer 35

That similarities between gospels could be explained by a common written source

Question 36

Who came up with two source theory?

Answer 36

Holtzmann

Question 37

Who came up with four source theory?

Answer 37

Streeter

Question 38

Which two concluded Matthew came first?

Answer 38

Augustine and Greisbach

Question 39

Why did Greisbach think Matthew came first?

Answer 39

Because it was an apostolic source which others would use later

Question 40

What did Butler say about source criticism?

Answer 40

Mark added eyewitness embellishments which cast doubt on the gospels reliability

Question 41

Why was there a need for translation?

Answer 41

To spread word of God
To help persecuted
To encourage converts