how individualistic theories have informed policies Flashcards
who created the treatment of psychoanalysis and why?
Freud based on his ideas about the unconscious mind having a huge impact on behaviour, to try and access the unconscious mind
P- what does Freud use to access the unconscious mind?
dream analysis
free association- where the therapist asks the client to freely share thoughts, words or anything else that comes to mind
what is psychoanalysis sometimes known as and what does it involve?
talking cure
involves a client lying on a bed with a therapist out of sight, encourages client to talk at length in an attempt to access the material in the unconscious
P- what did Aichorn create and why?
created policies for treating young offenders in the institution where he worked
believed young offenders institutions were harsh environments so chose to create a happy and pleasant environment so the children to develop a superego which he believed failed to develop when younger due to things such as uncaring or absent parents
what did Eysenck found about psychoanalysis reducing crime?
found only 44% of patients treated with psychoanalysis for neurosis improved, 72% for those treated in hospitalshow
how effective is psychoanalysis in reducing crime?
costly and time consuming as it involves 1 to 1 therapy
subjective element where therapists interpret the material differently
BM- what is token economy?
offender is given tokens for showing the desired behaviours required by the institution e.g. orders, keeping cell tidy etc.
they can then be exchanged for rewards e.g. sweets, phone calls etc.
what is behaviour modification based on?
operant conditioning that come from the behaviourist idea that criminal behaviour is learned
what does behaviour modification aim to reinforce?
reinforce behaviours that are considered desirable through TC as behaviours that cause criminal behaviour can also be unlearned
what should token economy achieve?
should decrease anti-social behaviour and increase desired behaviour