How does the web work

Question 1

Get colour coded and formatted code on ODIN project (and probably Launch School)

Answer 1

```javascript
code code code
~~~

Question 2

What is the Internet?

Answer 2

A series of linked cables, routers, and computers.

The internet is the hardware.

Question 3

What’s the world wide web?

Answer 3

The web is the pages you see. The Internet is the hardware.

Question 4

What’s a web page?

Answer 4

A series of text, videos, formatting that you look at in a browser.

Question 5

What’s a web browser?

Answer 5

A program that displays web pages.

Question 6

What’s a search engine?

Answer 6

A website that searches over all other web servers for information.

Question 7

What’s is a client?

Answer 7

A computer that requests information

Question 8

What is a server?

Answer 8

A computer that receives requests from the client and responds with the appropriate data.

Question 9

What is an IP address?

Answer 9

A numerical ID that specifies a destination in a network.
Can be for a computer or router.
Like the address for a shop.

Question 10

What does HTTP stand for
What does HTTP do?
What’s an apt metaphor?

Answer 10

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

An application protocol that defines the language for clients and servers to speak to each other.

Like the language, you use at the shop.

Question 11

What does TCP/IP stand for?
What does TCP/IP do?

What’s an apt metaphor for it?

Answer 11

Transmission control protocol and internet protocol.
Defines how data should travel across the internet. How data should be
packetized,
addressed,
transmitted,
routed, and
received
Like a car or bike allowing the sending of information.
Maybe more like the packing of a transport truck and it’s route?

Question 12

What are the component files?

Answer 12

Code files: HTML, CSS, JS

Asset files: images, music, etc.

Question 13

What does DNS stand for?

What is a DNS server?

Answer 13

Domain Name System

A server of IP addresses for websites. The domain name is like a shop’s name, the IP address is like the street address.

Question 14

What happens when you run a search on a search engine like google?

Answer 14

Google receives request. Search contents of their data bases, sends back the result as a response.

Question 15

What is the journey of a packet?

Answer 15

Enter domain name
Search domain name on local DNS cache. Then send request to DNS server.
DNS server sends IP address to your computer.
Then you send a request to that IP address for a copy of their website.
Website comes back separated into packets.

Question 16

Coder vs Programmer vs Developer vs Software Engineer

Answer 16

Coder- usually, coders are considered the least trained or experienced level of programmers. They are often a beginner in the field, skilled in just one coding language. Coders are usually given the job of writing forthright pieces of code that can easily be delegated by the developers. As some are put-off by the title, it is sometimes used interchangeably with “Junior Programmer” or “Junior Developer.

Programmer and Developer- The titles Developer and programmer are often used interchangeably. They are more experienced code writers who are versed in at least two to three languages and write clean, error free codes. They can apply their algorithmic knowledge to create more sophisticated levels of software coding.
Developers in some firms are sometimes referred to as the start to finish overseers of a project, who are responsible for the overall design of the application.

Software Engineers- These are of the highest level among all, who are most expert coders around. They are well versed in three programming languages or more and use their skills to design and implement the overall architecture of the application. They modularize the final product to develop a clean interface and then work with the programmers and developers to implement the more detailed aspects of the design. An engineer position would usually imply that you are a developer who has a specific type of degree, some knowledge of engineering, and is capable of designing a system.

Question 17

How do computers connect (physically)?

Answer 17

via wire.

The internet is essentially a wire that connects computers. Routers split the signal.

Question 18

How does email work? Where is a signal going to and from

Answer 18

Computer > ISP > Website (like gmail) > Server and ISP > Receiver

Question 19

Why do you usually go through a website? Why can’t an email address just be my computer or something?

Answer 19

[don’t know yet]

Question 20

Why do you need a modem?

Answer 20

It turns signals from your network into one that can be understood by the unfrustructure of the internet.

Question 21

What executes the JS code in a browser?

Answer 21

An "Engine", different names in different apps.
chrome, opera - V8
Firefox - Spidermonkey
IE- Chakra
MS Edge- Chakra Core
Safari- Nitro, SquirrelFish

Question 22

What can in browser JS do? (5 things)

What can it not do? (4 things)

Answer 22

What can inbrower JS do?

• Add new HTML to the page
• Take input
• Send requests over network
• get and set cookies, show messages
• remember data on client side (local storage)

What can’t inbrower JS do?

• No access to OS functions
• can’t read/write local files (unless user allows)
• require user permission for mic and cam
• different tabs don’t know about one another