HOW DID THE WAR AFFECT CIVILIANS Flashcards
when was rationing introduced?
27 august 1939.
How did German peoples diet change?
it became more stodgy , mostly based of potatoes , bread and preserves.
what did food entitlement mean?
there were separate catgories for different individuals, for eg heavy workers
were jews and aryans food entitlements equally balanced?
not at all Jews food entitlement was set far below that of Aryans.
when did WW2 begin?
3 september 1939
what did most Germans believe had started the war?
Polish aggression.
Hitler publicly declared peace to who?
his western allies
Where did many Germans flee at the start of the war?
they fled east further into germany.
when did the intensive british bombing start?
May 1942 onwards
where was the bombing targetted?
the industrial Ruhr area.
when did the Soviet Army advance?
1944 through eastern Germany.
How many German men served in the army during the war?
13.7 million.
at the end of the war how many people became refugees inside Germany?
eight million
was the war effort supported?
it was generally supported especially against the supposedly inferior russians in the east.
when did german civilians morale collapse?
firstly the allied bombing campaigns and finally the when the Reich itself was invaded in 1945.
what was the first attempt to remove hitler during the war?
October 1939,after the invasion of poland, Admiral Canaris, attempted to gain the support of the army for coup against Hitler. This plan unfortunatley failed.
The second attempt?
July 1944. A group of army officers attempted to asassinate Hitler, by using a bomb.
what were Hitlers retaliations?
Colonel stauffenberg who planted the bomb was shot, and 5,00 people were shot in the crackdown on Hitlers opposition that followed.
The Nazi pressure on churches increased over the first two years of the war. supported by ?
a leading anti-Christian called Martin Bormann.
what was the catholic churches success against the Nazis in 1941?
they led a campaign ending the inequality against people with mental disabilities.
who was the Protestant pastor who resisted the Nazis?
Dietrich Bonhoffer,he joined the resistance and was linked to the 1944 bomb plot, and was later executed.
which youth groups did not fall into line with Nazi ideals?
Edelwaiss Pirates,white roses
who were the Edelwaiss Pirates?
primarily working class boys,from the west of Germany,they attacked Hitler Youth Groups and sung Anti Nazi songs.
who were the White Rose Group?
the group was formed by students in Munich University, in 1943.
