hot topics Flashcards
Laissez-faire economics
free market capitalism that opposes government intervention
Robber barons and monopolies would support laissez-fair
Results of Industrial Revolution
Pollution
Concentration of workers in urban locations
*Dawes General Allotment Act (Dawes Severalty Act)
Encouraged Native Americans to become farmers
Americans wanted to assimilate the Native Americans
Native Americans received protection under the law and citizenship if they accepted the 160 acres of land.
*Sherman Anti-trust Act
Supported by President Benjamin Harrison
Purpose – to dissolve trusts (large businesses made agreements among themselves and limited competition
Impact of the Transcontinental railroad
Destruction of Native American culture
Encroachment on grazing lands for buffalo
High prices on freight charges
Increase in imported cheap labor
Elevated land and freight charges
*Populist movement (late 1800’s)
Farmers confronted an elitist monetary system after being exploited by banks and railroads
Populist failed to win a presidential election but did shift Democrats from pro-business to social reform party.
1896 Election
McKinley (Republican) v. Williams Jennings Bryan (Populist)
Ida exposed Rockefeller’s corrupt practices
Sinclair exposed the meat industry. This exposure led to the Federal Meat Inspection Act.
Black Nationalism
called for complete separation and supported by Marcus Garvey
Niagara Movement
opposed Booker T. Washington’s idea to patiently await equality and work toward gradual equality
Upton Sinclair and Ida Tarbell –
two reformers who wanted more government regulations on large corporations and industries
Striving for inequality during the Progressive Era
Immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe were called “New Immigrants”. Americans felt threatened by this group.
Jim Crow
social restrictions based on rac
*Cycle of events (IN ORDER) leading to the Populist Movement
Industrialists bought more resources and manufacturing capacity
The number of low skilled workers in national unions expanded
Haymarket Square riot (1886)
Populists united farmers and laborers behind Williams Jennings Bryan (1890s)
*Plessy v. Ferguson
Separate but equal doctrine
Political Machines
Groups of powerful people who controlled elections through corrupt means, usually controlled by individuals called “bosses”
Teddy Roosevelt’s policies
Conservation (protection of natural resources)
Control of corporate power
Protecting consumers
*Samuel Gompers
Leader of the American Federation of Labor
*Pendleton Civil Service Act
This act created the Civil Service Commission which wrote a civil service exam. Individuals could no longer use their political connections to gain employment.
Rockefeller
oil
jp morgan
finance
vanderbilt
railroads
carnegie
steel
