Hostory Of Music

Question 1

What are the 3 elements of music?

Answer 1

1- rhythm
2- melody
3- harmony

Question 2

What is rhythm?

Answer 2

Element of time in music that is considered by the bear

Question 3

What is tempo? What element of music does it fall under?

Answer 3

The speed of the music - falls under rhythm

Question 4

What is pulse? What element of music does it fall under?

Answer 4

The even/consistent beat - falls under rhythm

Question 5

What is melody?

Answer 5

The horizontal element of music

Question 6

What are the 2 different types of melody?

Answer 6

1- conjunct

2- disjunct

Question 7

Explain conjunct and what element of music it is

Answer 7

Simple/easy that has a steady rise and fall - falls under melody

Question 8

Explain disjunct and what element of music it is

Answer 8

Complex huge jumps between notes - falls under melody

Question 9

What is harmony?

Answer 9

The vertical element of music

Question 10

What are the 2 types of harmony?

Answer 10

1- consonant

2- dissonant

Question 11

Explain consonant and what element of music it is

Answer 11

tones/notes that sound pleasing - belongs to harmony

Question 12

Explain dissonant and what element of music it is

Answer 12

Sounds that don’t quite match that want to resolve/blend - belongs to harmony

Question 13

What is monophonic?

Answer 13

Monophonic or monphony is music with only 1 line

Question 14

What is polyphonic?

Answer 14

Polyphonic or polyphony is music with 2 or more lines

Question 15

What is homophonic?

Answer 15

Homophonic or homophony is music with 1 soloist with background music

Question 16

What is considered the first musical instrument?

Answer 16

The voice

Question 17

What does ancient music bring?

Answer 17

Writing

Question 18

What is the oldest form of writing and what was it written on?

Answer 18

Cuneiform which was wedge shaped and written on clay tablets or pottery

Question 19

What era was the oldest form of musical notation in?

Answer 19

In ancient music

Question 20

What period of music comes after ancient?

Answer 20

Medieval

Question 21

What are the dates for the medieval era?

Answer 21

500-1400

Question 22

How many years pasted and how many different types of songs were there in the medieval era?

Answer 22

900 yrs and only 1 type of song

Question 23

What was the instrument used during the medieval era?

Answer 23

1 instrument - the voice

Question 24

What was the type of music and what was it called in medieval era?

Answer 24

Monophonic music - called plainchant

Question 25

What was the music in the medieval era meant for?

Answer 25

Worship

Question 26

Who discovered the music in the medieval era and how?

Answer 26

Pope Gregory - said that God had sent him a bird to sing all the melodies to him

Question 27

What we're all the songs called in the medieval era?

Answer 27

Gregorian chants - all songs dedicated to him

Question 28

What happened towards the end of the medieval era?

Answer 28

Composers moved to polyphonic music

Question 29

Who are the 2 well known composers for the end of the medieval era?

Answer 29

Leonin and Perotin

Question 30

What is the church's involvement during the medieval era?

Answer 30

Takes center stage when it came to art in this period = controlled it

Question 31

What are the 3 things that the church did during the medieval era?

Answer 31

1- created music notation 2- unified the chant tradition 3- created polyphony music - through Leonin and Perotin

Question 32

By the end of the medieval era what did people who learnt how to read and write do?

Answer 32

They made secular music (non-sacred)

Question 33

What became of these people who made secular music? Where were they primary from?

Answer 33

Became traveling entertainment - from Germany and France

Question 34

What period came after the medieval?

Answer 34

Renaissance

Question 35

What are the dates for Renaissance music?

Answer 35

1400-1600

Question 36

What does Renaissance mean?

Answer 36

Rebirth

Question 37

What is the type of music in the Renaissance period?

Answer 37

Polyphonic = 2 or more lines

Question 38

What were the 3 new ideas that people started to get interested in in the Renaissance period?

Answer 38

1- letters = writing 2- fine arts 3- humanities

Question 39

What happened to the church during the Renaissance period?

Answer 39

People/societies pushed back against it

Question 40

What became of secular music and the fine arts during the Renaissance period?

Answer 40

Secular music was used for entertainment | Fine art became arts for arts sake - for enjoyment

Question 41

What were the 4 things that came out of the Renaissance period?

Answer 41

1- printing was created 2- music teaching became a profession 3- bourgeois class 4- beginning of opera

Question 42

What did it mean for society at the time for the 4 things that came out of the Renaissance period? 1- printing, 2- music teachers, 3- bourgeois class, 4- opera

Answer 42

1- expanded accessibility to music 2- people with expendable money could be exposed to music 3- wealthy middle class = more people with expendable money 4- early musical theatre

Question 43

What era came after the Renaissance?

Answer 43

Baroque

Question 44

What are the dates for the baroque era?

Answer 44

1600-1750

Question 45

Where does the name Baroque come from and what does it mean?

Answer 45

From Portuguese word "Barrocco" meaning ugly beauty

Question 46

Who was the Baroque period named after?

Answer 46

Baroque Architecture

Question 47

What were the 3 famous composers of the Baroque era?

Answer 47

1- John Sebastian Bach 2- George Fredric Handel 3- Antonio Vivaldi

Question 48

What was the important musical invention that came out of the baroque era?

Answer 48

Tonality

Question 49

How many tones are there?

Answer 49

12

Question 50

Of the 12 tones what are they cut into and what are they called?

Answer 50

Cut into 8s - called scales

Question 51

What does the 8 scales equal?

Answer 51

Keys

Question 52

What is the period after Baroque?

Answer 52

Classical

Question 53

What are the dates for classical period?

Answer 53

1730-1820

Question 54

What is classical music also known as?

Answer 54

Western art music

Question 55

Who are the top 3 composers of the classical era?

Answer 55

1- Ludwig Van Beethoven 2- Joseph Haydn 3- Amadeus Wolfgang Mozart

Question 56

How does the music change in the classical era? What happens to the theme?

Answer 56

Leaves polyphonic into homophonic | Sense of order and cohesion = recognizable theme

Question 57

How was the music performed is the classical era?

Answer 57

A great soloist (who would travel) with a local orchestra (one from the town the soloist was playing in)

Question 58

What period came after the classical era?

Answer 58

Romantic

Question 59

What are the dates for the romantic era?

Answer 59

1815-1910

Question 60

What revolution happened during the romantic era?

Answer 60

Industrial revolution

Question 61

What were the 2 things that happened during the industrial revolution?

Answer 61

1- Invention of streams power = transport and factories | 2- Hand production to machine production

Question 62

What are the 5 traits of the romantic era?

Answer 62

``` 1- preoccupation with nature 2- interests in the past 3- mystic and supernatural 4- nocturnal 5- nationalism ```

Question 63

What do we start to see in the romantic era and how does this affect the music?

Answer 63

See internal focus = music becomes about themselves and entertainment came second

Question 64

What era comes after the romantic era?

Answer 64

Modern (classical/western art music)

Question 65

What are the dates for the modern era?

Answer 65

1900-1930

Question 66

What was the main idea of the modern era?

Answer 66

Innovation, sense that anything goes and everyone is looking for originality

Question 67

What was the main focus in the modern era?

Answer 67

Focused on Aesthetics - idea of art and beauty

Question 68

What is the period after the modern era?

Answer 68

Popular music

Question 69

What are the dates for popular music?

Answer 69

1900-present

Question 70

What did Philip Tagg say that sums up what popular music was about?

Answer 70

Should sell as much as possible of as little as possible to as many as possible

Question 71

What are the 3 ideals that popular music brought round?

Answer 71

1- conceived mass distribution 2- stored and distributed in non-written form 3- only possible in monetary society

Question 72

What were the 2 inventions that made music so popular?

Answer 72

1- phonograph - Thomas Edison 2- Gramophone - A.W. Bell They recorded and played sound

Question 73

What aspect of music was mass produced during the popular music time?

Answer 73

Sheet music

Question 74

What typed of music was produced from the mix of Congo square?

Answer 74

Ragtime music = party music

Question 75

What music was inspired from ragtime and by who?

Answer 75

Dixieland - Buddy Bolden

Question 76

What was the first popular music recorded? What year and where?

Answer 76

Dixieland jazz band - 1917 form Chicago

Question 77

Who is the most famous jazz musician?

Answer 77

Louis Armstrong

Question 78

1900 - most popular music and by who?

Answer 78

Ragtime - Scott Joplin

Question 79

1910 - most popular music and 2 creators?

Answer 79

Dixieland Buddy bolden - inventor Louis Armstrong - most famous -> smoothed out ragtime

Question 80

1920 - music and what this brought to society?

Answer 80

Early swing = dancing/social music

Question 81

1930 - music and what did this mean for musicians?

Answer 81

Big band - no individuality

Question 82

1940 - music and what this meant for musicians?

Answer 82

Bebop - music for musicians as it was fast and not for dancing with high virtuosity (skill)

Question 83

What is blues a mix of?

Answer 83

R&B blend of jazz music

Question 84

1950- music and structure?

Answer 84

Rock&roll - structure of early form of the blues

Question 85

Who produced the first rock and roll song? What year?

Answer 85

1955 - Bill Haley and the comets - rock around the clock

Question 86

Who was the biggest rock and roll star?

Answer 86

Elvis Presley

Question 87

1960 - music and 4 messages?

Answer 87

The British Invasion (Beatles) - anything can happen, exploration, sex, drugs, rock&roll, psychedelic movement

Question 88

1970- music and what this meant for musicians?

Answer 88

The "me" generation - lots of money starts exchanging hands

Question 89

1980 - music and tv changed it?

Answer 89

Synthesizers - music on TV = more about the imagine switch from creating music to performing

Question 90

1990 - what type of music now?

Answer 90

Alternative, pop punk, teen pop, contemporary etc.