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Medical Assisting > HOSA First Aid/CPR > Flashcards

HOSA First Aid/CPR Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Severe bleeding and shock process (14)

A
  1. Scene Safety
  2. PPE
  3. Responsiveness and breathing (AVPU)
  4. Introduce yourself and ask for consent
  5. Quickly assess the situation
    - Ask what happened, note bleeding
  6. Medical jewelry
  7. Respond to rescuer 2’s call for help
  8. Call 911
    - See calling EMS card
  9. Place dressing on bleeding area
  10. Apply direct pressure with the heel of the hand and the other hand stacked on top of the first
    - pressure must be firm constant and steady
  11. Applied tourniquet
    - See tourniquet application card
  12. Treat patient for shock
    - See shock card
  13. Change gloves
  14. Assist rescuer 2 with BLS
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2
Q

Choking process (11)

A
  1. Observed a patient with signs of severe airway obstruction (verbalize this)
  2. Ask the patient if they are choking
  3. Respond to rescuer 2s call for help
  4. Stand or kneel behind patient and wrap arms around the patient’s waist
  5. make a fist with one hand
  6. Placed the thumb side of fist against the Paitent’s abdomen slightly above the navel
  7. Grasped fist with other hand and SIMULATED pressing fist into the patient’s abdomen with a quick, forceful upward thrust
  8. Repeat thrusts until object is expelled from the airway giving each new thrust with a separate, distinct movement to relieve the obstruction
  9. Call EMS
    - See calling EMS card
  10. Put on PPE or change gloves
  11. Assist rescuer 2 with BLS
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3
Q

Open fracture and splinting process (14)

A
  1. Scene Safety
  2. PPE
  3. Responsiveness and breathing (AVPU)
  4. Introduce yourself and ask for consent
  5. Quickly assess the situation
    - Ask what happened, note DCAPBTLS
  6. Medical jewelry
  7. Respond to rescuer 2’s call for help
  8. Call 911
    - See calling EMS card
  9. found object that can be used as a splint
  10. Cover broken sheets with dressing
  11. Applied splint
    - See splint application card
  12. Encourage patient to keep the limb still
  13. Change gloves
  14. Assist rescuer 2 with BLS
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4
Q

Severe burns process (12)

A
  1. Scene Safety
  2. PPE
  3. Responsiveness and breathing (AVPU)
  4. Introduce yourself and ask for consent
  5. Quickly assess the situation
    - Ask what happened, note burn
  6. Medical jewelry
  7. Respond to rescuer 2’s call for help
  8. Call 911
    - See calling EMS card
  9. Treat burn
    - Cool burned area for at least 10 minutes. Remove jewelry and clothing not stuck to the skin. Cover burn with a sterile, nonstick dressing.
  10. Treat patient for shock
    - See shock card
  11. Change gloves
  12. Assist rescuer 2 with BLS
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5
Q

Heat-related Emergency process (13)

A
  1. Scene Safety
  2. PPE
  3. Responsiveness and breathing (AVPU)
  4. Introduce yourself and ask for consent
  5. Quickly assess the situation
    - Ask what happened
  6. Medical jewelry
  7. Observe patient for signs of heat exposure
  8. Respond to rescuer 2’s call for help
  9. Call 911
    - See calling EMS card
  10. verbalize to judge if patient has heat exhaustion or heat stroke
  11. Treat accordingly (heat stroke/exhaustion)
    - See heat stroke/exhaustion cards
  12. Change gloves
  13. Assist rescuer 2 with BLS
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6
Q

Calling EMS

A

State name, location, phone number, situation and condition of patient(s)

Hang up when instructed by dispatcher

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7
Q

Tourniquet application

A
  1. Apply 2-3 inches above bleeding site, avoiding joints.
  2. Pull the free end of the tourniquet tight and secure it.
  3. Twist the windlass as tight as possible until bleeding stops.
  4. Secure windlass
  5. Note the time the tourniquet was applied (This can be verbalized)
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8
Q

Splint application

A
  1. Splint supports the joint above and below injury
  2. Splint must be londer than the injured area
  3. Secure the splint so it supports the injured area using tape, gauze, or cloth to secure it. If using a hard splint, pad the splint.
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9
Q

DCAPBTLS

A

Deformation
Contusion
Abrasion
Puncture
Bleeding/Burns
Tenderness
Lacerations
Swelling
- Ask about any soft tissue injuries

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10
Q

Heat Exhaustion steps

A
  1. Move patient to a cool area, if possible
  2. Help patient lie down
  3. Remove as much clothing as possible
  4. Cool the person with cool water spray or damp cloths on the neck, armpits, and groin
  5. Give small sips of juice, water, etc. (4 oz ever 15 min)
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11
Q

Heat Stroke steps

A
  1. Move patient to a cool area, if possible
  2. Remove EXCESSIVE clothing
  3. Remind patient to limit physical activity
  4. Place in water up to their neck, if not possible, spray with cool water.
  5. Observe patient for signs of unresponsiveness or not breathing normally and initiate CPR if needed
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12
Q

Adult BLS/CPR (NO AED) process RESCUER 2 (18)

A
  1. Scene Saftey
  2. PPE
  3. Determined unresponsiveness (AVPU)
  4. Shout to Rescuer 1, to activate the emergency response system, and get AED
    - Judge will say no AED is available
  5. Check to see if the patient has normal breathing and a pulse for 5-10 seconds
    - look, listen, feel
  6. Initial chest compressions (30)
    - See Chest compressions card
  7. Initial Breaths
    - See initial Breaths card
  8. Continue cycles of 30 compressions and 2 SIMULATED breaths with minimal interruptions until rescuer 1 arrives
  9. Using bag mask, positioned self directly above patient’s head.
  10. Use E-C clamp technique
    - See E-C clamp technique card
  11. Squeezed the bag to give each breath for one second after every 30 compressions watching for chest rise
  12. Respond to rescuer 1s call to switch roles after five cycles, taking less than 10 seconds to complete the switch and resume chest compressions
  13. Preformed chest compressions counting aloud, using a compressions to breath ration of 30:2.
    - Judge states EMS has arrived and taken over care of patient
  14. Used appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication with patient and other personnel
  15. Gave info about patient to EMS rescuers
  16. Remove gloves properly, without touching outside of gloves with bare hands
  17. Properly dispose of PPE
  18. Use alcohol-based hand-rub for hand hygiene
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13
Q

Adult BLS/CPR w/o AED process RESCUER 1 (10)

A
  1. After changing gloves, state I can assist you in CPR and responded to rescuer 2’s instructions to take over chest compressions
  2. Initial chest compressions (30)
    - See chest compressions card
  3. Called for rescuer 2 to switch roles after five cycles, taking less than 10 seconds to complete the switch and resume chest compressions
  4. Using bag mask, positioned self directly above patient’s head.
  5. Use E-C clamp technique
    - See E-C clamp technique card
  6. Used appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication with patient and other personnel
  7. Gave info about patient to EMS rescuers
  8. Remove gloves properly, without touching outside of gloves with bare hands
  9. Properly dispose of PPE
    10 . Use alcohol-based hand-rub for hand hygiene
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14
Q

Adult BLS w/ AED process RESCUER 2 (23)

A
  1. Scene saftery
  2. PPE
  3. Determine unresponsiveness
  4. Shout to rescuer 1 to activate the emergency response system and get AED
  5. Check to see if the patient has normal breathing and a pulse for 5-10 seconds
    - look, listen, feel
  6. Initial chest compressions (30)
    - See Chest compressions card
  7. Initial Breaths
    - See initial Breaths card
  8. Continue cycles of 30 compressions and 2 SIMULATED breaths with minimal interruptions until rescuer 1 arrives with AED. Continue compressions while rescuer 1 prepares AED
  9. RESCUER 1: Open case and power on AED
  10. RESCUER 1: Clear patient and allow AED to analyze
  11. RESCUER 2: Move to head to prepare for bag-mask ventilation
  12. RESCUER 1: If AED indicates a shockable rhythm, clear patient again and deliver shock
  13. If no shock is indicated or immediately after any shock is delivered, wait for rescuer 1 to complete 30 chest compressions before delivering 2 breaths with bag mask.
  14. Using bag mask, positioned self directly above patient’s head.
  15. Use E-C clamp technique
    - See E-C clamp technique card
  16. Squeezed the bag to give each breath for one second after every 30 compressions watching for chest rise
  17. Respond to rescuer 1s call to switch roles after five cycles, taking less than 10 seconds to complete the switch and resume chest compressions
  18. Preformed chest compressions counting aloud, using a compressions to breath ration of 30:2.
    - Judge states EMS has arrived and taken over care of patient
  19. Used appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication with patient and other personnel
  20. Gave info about patient to EMS rescuers
  21. Remove gloves properly, without touching outside of gloves with bare hands
  22. Properly dispose of PPE
  23. Use alcohol-based hand-rub for hand hygiene
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15
Q

Adult BLS w/ AED RESCUER 1 process (17)

A
  1. After treating first aid patient and changing gloves, arrived w/ AED
  2. RESCUER 1: Open case and power on AED
  3. Pell backing away from the AED pads and attached to victim’s bare chest following the placement diagrams on the pad
  4. Attatched the AED connecting cables if not preconnected
  5. RESCUER 1: clear the patient and allow AED to analyze
  6. RESCUER 2: move to head to prepare for bag-mask ventilation
  7. RESCUER 1: If AED indicates a shockable rhythm, clear patient again by loudly saying ‘all clear’ and deliver shock
  8. If no shock is indicated or immediately after shock is delivered, begin chest compressions
    - See chest compressions card
  9. Called for rescuer 2 to switch roles after five cycles, taking less than 10 seconds to complete the switch and resume chest compressions
  10. Using bag mask, positioned self directly above patient’s head.
  11. Use E-C clamp technique
    - See E-C clamp technique card
  12. Squeeze the bag to give 2 breaths for one second each after every 30 compressions watching for chest to rise
    - Judge states EMS has arrived and has taken over care of patient
  13. Used appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication with patient and other personnel
  14. Gave info about patient to EMS rescuers
  15. Remove gloves properly, without touching outside of gloves with bare hands
  16. Properly dispose of PPE
    17 . Use alcohol-based hand-rub for hand hygiene
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16
Q

Infant BLS/CPR w/o AED RESCUER 2 (21)

A
  1. Scene Saftey
  2. PPE
  3. Determined unresponsiveness (TAP HEEL FOR INFANTS) (AVPU)
  4. Shout to Rescuer 1, to activate the emergency response system, and get AED
    - Judge will say no AED is available
  5. Check to see if the patient has normal breathing and a pulse for 5-10 seconds
    - look, listen, feel
    - for infants, check brachial pulse
  6. Initial chest compressions (30)
    - See INFANT Chest compressions card
  7. Initial Breaths
    - See INFANT initial Breaths card
  8. Continue cycles of 30 compressions and 2 SIMULATED breaths with minimal interruptions until rescuer 1 arrives. Continue providing chest compressions.
  9. Chage had position to 2-thumb technique if not already using, and change compression rate to 15:2
  10. Respond to rescuer 1s call to switch roles after five cycles, taking less than 10 seconds to complete the switch and resume chest compressions
  11. Positioned self directly above the patient’s head and use bag-mask (appropriate size- covers mouth and nose completely w/o covering eyes or extending below the bottom of the chin)
  12. Use E-C clamp technique
    - See E-C clamp technique card
  13. Place the infant’s neck in a neutral position and pressed the mask into the face to seal
  14. Squeezed the bag to give each breath for one second after every 15 compressions watching for chest rise
  15. Respond to rescuer 1s call to switch roles after five cycles, taking less than 10 seconds to complete the switch and resume chest compressions
  16. Preformed chest compressions counting aloud, using a compressions to breath ratio of 15:2.
    - Judge states EMS has arrived and taken over care of patient
  17. Used appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication with patient and other personnel
  18. Gave info about patient to EMS rescuers
  19. Remove gloves properly, without touching outside of gloves with bare hands
  20. Properly dispose of PPE
  21. Use alcohol-based hand-rub for hand hygiene
17
Q

Infant BLS/CPR w/o AED RESCUER 1 (13)

A
  1. After changing gloves, state I can assist you in CPR
  2. Positioned self directly above the patient’s head and use bag-mask (appropriate size- covers mouth and nose completely w/o covering eyes or extending below the bottom of the chin)
  3. Use E-C clamp technique
    - See E-C clamp technique card
  4. Place the infant’s neck in a neutral position and pressed the mask into the face to seal
  5. Squeezed the bag to give each breath for one second after every 15 compressions watching for chest rise
  6. Respond to rescuer 1s call to switch roles after five cycles, taking less than 10 seconds to complete the switch and resume chest compressions
  7. Deliver 15 chest compressions using the 2-thumb technique
    - see INFANT chest compressions card
  8. Continue cycles until judge states EMS has arrived and has taken over care of patient
  9. Used appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication with patient and other personnel
  10. Gave info about patient to EMS rescuers
  11. Remove gloves properly, without touching outside of gloves with bare hands
  12. Properly dispose of PPE
    13 . Use alcohol-based hand-rub for hand hygiene
18
Q

Infant chest compressions

A

a. Position self at patient’s side
b. Make sure patient is lying face up on a firm, flat surface
c. Used the 2 finger or thumb-encircling hands by placing fingers OR thumbs in the center of the chest just below the nipple line on the lower half of the breastbone
d. Provide compressions at at least 1/3 depth of the chest or 1 1/2 inches (4cm) at a rate of 100-120/min, delivering 30 compressions (initial) in 15-18 seconds
e. count compressions aloud
f. at the end of each compression, allow chest to come back to it’s normal position

19
Q

Infant initial breaths

A

a. Place the mask device on the patient’s face, using the bridge of the nose as a guide for correct positioning.
b. Open airway adequately by placing the infant’s head in a neutral position
c. simulated breath by saying, “Breath, breath”.

20
Q

How should a bag-mask fit?

A

Bag mask should cover the mouth and nose completely w/o covering eyes or extending below the bottom of the chin.

21
Q

Chest compressions

A

a. Position self at patient’s side
b. Remove bulky clothing from patient’s chest or move bulky clothing out of the way
c. move or confirm patient is on a firm, flat, surface
d. Put the heel of one hand on the center of the patient’s chest on the lower half of the breastbone
e. Put the heel of the other hand on top of the first hand
f. With arms straight, position shoulders directly over hands
g. Provide chest compressions at a rate of 100-120/min, delivering 30 compressions in 15-18 seconds
h. Compressions performed at a depth of 2 inches (5cm)
i. Count compressions aloud
j. At the end of each compression, allow chest to recoil

22
Q

Initial breaths

A

a. Place the mouth-to-mask device on the patient’s face, using the bridge of the nose as a guide for correct position
b. Seal the mask on the patient’s face
- use the hand that is closer to the top of the patient’s head and place index finger and thumb along the top edge of the mask.
- Place the thumb of the second hand along the bottom edge of the mask
c. Place the remaining fingers of the second hand along the bony margin of the jaw and lifted the jaw
d. Push with the hand on the patient’s forehead (the palm of the hand) and place other hand under the bony part of the lower jaw lifting it to bring the chin forward
e. Preform head tilt-chin lift to open airway
f. While lifting the jaw, press firmly and completely around the outside edge of the mask (with the fingers) to seal the mask against the face.
g. SIMULATED breath by saying “Breath, Breath.”

23
Q

E-C clamp technique

A

a. Perform a head-tilt
b. Place mask on the patient’s face using the bridge of the nose as a guide for correct position
c. using the thumb and index finger of one had to make a C on the side of the mask, pressing the edges of the mask to the face
d. Used the remaining fingers to lift the angles of the jaw, opened the airway, and press the face into the mask

24
Q

AVPU

A

Awake/Alert, Verbal/Voice, Pain, Unresponsive

25
Q

Where do you tap to check for responsiveness in Adults/Infants?

A

Adults: Shoulder
Infants: Heel

26
Q

Which Artery do you check for a pulse in Adults/Infants?

A

Adults: Carotid
Infants: Brachial

27
Q

What is the ration of Compressions to Breaths for Adults/Infants?

A

Adults: 30:2
Infants: 30: 2 (Initial); 15:2

28
Q

What is the speed of compressions for Adults/Infants?

A

Adults: 100/120 compressions/min
Infants: 100/120 compressions/min

29
Q

What is the depth of compressions for Adults/Infants

A

Adults: 2 inches (5 cm)
Infants: 1.5 inches (4 cm) (Roughly 1/3 the depth of the chest)

30
Q

Shock

A
  1. Lay patient on their back
  2. Cover to keep them warm

Medical Assisting (1 decks)

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