HOSA Dental Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Toward midline
A
Mesial
2
Q
Away from midline
A
Distal
3
Q
Towards lips
A
Labial
4
Q
Towards check
A
Buccal
5
Q
Towards roof of mouth
A
Palatal
6
Q
Ridge of molars
A
Occlusal
7
Q
Ridge of incisors
A
Incisal
8
Q
The top jaw
A
Maxillary Arch
9
Q
The bottom jaw
A
Mandibular Arch
10
Q
Rounded borders of enamel that form the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth and the mesial and distal margins of the lingual surfaces of the anterior teeth
A
Marginal Ridges
11
Q
A ridge that descends from the tips of the cusps of molars and premolars towards the center part of the occlusal surface
A
Triangular Ridge
12
Q
Formed by the union of buccal and lingual triangular ridges
A
Transverse Ridge
13
Q
A ridge obliquely crossing the occlusal surfaces of maxillary molars
A
Oblique Ridge
14
Q
A dentist who specializes in the diagnoses and treatment of dental pulp diseases
A
Endodontist
15
Q
A dentist who specializes in the treatment of the entire facial structure due to injury or disease
A
Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon
16
Q
A dentist who specializes in examining tissue samples to provide proper diagnosis and treatment of biopsy results
A
Oral pathologist
17
Q
A dentist who corects malocclusions by realignment of the teeth and/or joints
A
Orthodontist
18
Q
A dentist who specializes in the treatment of the surrounding structures that support the teeth due to injury or disease
A
Periodontist
19
Q
A dentist who specializes in the fabrication of prosthetic dental devices for tooth replacement
A
Prosthodontist
20
Q
Provides dental health care on county, state, and national levels by providing education and demonstration of proper oral hygiene instruction to elementary schools, high schools, businesses and the general population
A
Public Health Dental Official
21
Q
Withdrawing care from a patient without reasonable notice or without providing a referral for completion of dental treatment
A
Abandonment
22
Q
Non criminal legal action that a patient may pursue against a dentist that may result in a compensation lawsuit for pain, suffering, and loss of wages resulting from dental treatment or dentist’s action
A
Civil Law
23
Q
Involves a state of govt. action against indivs. who perform nonlegal procedures or violate laws. Such lawsuits can result in disciplinary action, fines, and/or imprisonment
A
Criminal Law
24
Q
The governing laws in the science of dentistry
A
Dental Jurisprudence
25
Legal restrictions set forth by each state legislative body that describe the statutes regarding performance guidelines for licensed and nonlicensed dental health care professionals
Dental Practice Act
26
The actions any reasonable or prudent dental care professional would perform under similar circumstances
Due Care
27
Adv. task that requires increased skill and training performed by a dental auxiliary when delegated by a dentist in accordance with that governing state dental practice data
Expanded Function
28
Verbal or written words that are agreed on in an established contract
Express Contract
29
An act passed by Congress to address the security and privacy of health data
HIPAA
30
A contract that is implemented by the patient's actions, not verbally or written in implied consent
Implied Contract
31
The procedure of fully informing a patient about the choices the patient has regarding his/her dental care
Informed Consent
32
Occurs when the patient refuses treatment after he/she has been fully educated regarding the consequences of not receiving the treatment
Informed Refusal
33
Incorrect or negligent treatment by professional
Malpractice
34
Failure to use a standard of care that a reasonable person would apply under related situations
Negligence
35
Allows an individual to transfer licensure with the same rights from one state to another without having to retake licensure exams
Reciprocity
36
Statements made at the time of an alleged negligent act that are admissible in court as evidence
Res Gestae
37
Res ipsa loquitur
The act speaks for itself
38
Respondeat superior
The master answers
39
Actions implemented to minimize legal rights to the dental practice
Risk Management
40
Intentional or unintentional act that causes harm
Tort
41
A written doc signed by the patient that provides consent to receive treatment
Written Consent
42
Forehead
Frontal
43
Top back of the head
Parietal
44
Side of head by eyes
Temporal
45
Bottom back of the head
Occipital
46
Ear area
Mastoid
47
Face
Facial
48
Mouth
Oral
49
Nose
Nasal
50
Eyes
Orbital
51
Chin
Mental
52
Checkbone
Zygomatic
53
Check
Buccal
54
The part of the mandible and the maxilla that contain tooth sockets
Alveolar process
55
To join together
Articulate
56
Grinding of Teeth
Bruxism
57
Bone that is more spongy or porous than dense bone
Cancellous bone
58
A crackling/grinding sound
Crepitus
59
Openings in bone allowing for passage of nerve and blood vessels
Foramina
60
A shallow depression within the temporal bone
Glenoid fossa
61
The movable end of a muscle
Insertion
62
The bone of the lower jaw
Mandible
63
The principle muscle of mastication that closes the mouth
Masseter
64
The act of chewing
Mastication
65
Two bones that form the upper jaw
Maxilla
66
A rounded prominence of bone located posterior to the maxillary molars
Maxillary Tuberosity
67
Muscle of the chin that protrudes the lower lip and wrinkles the skin
Mentalis
68
The fixed attachment of a muscle
Origin
69
A stone in the salivary duct
Sialolith
70
An immovable line of union between two bones
Suture
71
The encapsulated synovial joint between the temporal bone of the skull and the condyle of the mandible
Temporomandibular joint
72
Dryness of the mouth caused by an abnormal reduction in salivary secretion
Xerostomia
73
Pertaining to the cheekbone
Zygomatic
74
Winged flare of a nostril
Ala
75
The corners of the mouth
Commissures
76
A long fold of tissue along the buccal mucosa next to where the teeth come together
Linea Alba
77
The roof of the mouth (upper alveolar arch)
Palate
78
The passage for your air and food
Pharynx
79
A vertical groove between the nose and the upper lip
Philtrum
80
The prominence of fleshy tissue anterior to the ear opening
Tragus
81
A fold of mucous membrane attached to the back of the soft palate
Uvula
82
Transitional area between the skin of the face and the mucous membrane of the lip
Vermillion border
83
The highest peak in the alveolar process
Alveolar crest
84
The opening within the alveolar bone that houses the roots of the teeth
Alveolar socket
85
Enamel-forming cells
Ameloblasts
86
The portion of the tooth that is covered with enamel
Anatomical crown
87
Peaked tip at the end of each root
Apex
88
Opening in the apex of each root
Apical foramen
89
Cementum-forming cells
Cementoblasts
90
The portion of the crown that is visible in the oral cavity
Clinical crown
91
Growth of the oral epithelium that will eventually form teeth
Dental lamina
92
Tissue from the mesoderm layer that will form the dentin and the pulp
Dental papilla
93
Capsule that contains the developing tooth; it will also form the cementum, periodontal ligament, and some alveolar bone
Dental sac
94
Tissue that makes up the bulk of the tooth; it is covered by the cementum on the root and enamel on the crown
Dentin
95
Microscopic canals running through the dentin
Dentinal tubules
96
The study of how a human being develops through 2 stages before birth
Embryology
97
Tissue arising from the ectoderm layer that will from the enamel
Enamel Organ
98
The study of the composition and function of tissues
Histology
99
Compact bone that lines the socket of the alveolar process
Lamina dura
100
A thin delicate tissue that covers the inside of the cheeks, vestibule, soft palate, undersurface of the tongue and floor of the mouth
Lining mucosa
101
A dense, thick mucosa that is designed to withstand the trauma of chewing; it covers the hard palate, tongue, and gum tissue
Masticatory mucosa
102
Dentin-forming cells
Odontoblasts
103
Tissues that surround and support the teeth
Periodontium
104
Dentin formed prior to tooth eruption
Primary dentin
105
Tissue composed of blood and nymph vessels, nerve and connective tissues, and odontoblasts
Pulp
106
Dentin formed after the tooth eruption that remains for life of the tooth
Secondary dentin
107
A primitive mouth
Stomodeum
108
The permanent teeth that replace the primary teeth
Succedaneous teeth
109
A reparative dentin that forms in response to injury or irritation
Tertiary dentin
110
The first stage in embryonic development
Zygote
111
Dental enamel hypoplacia, incomplete formation of dental enamel caused by vitamin deficiency, infectious disease, birth injury, trauma, or local infection
Amelogenesis imperfecta
112
A complete lack of tooth development; disorder that appears at birth
Anodontia
113
Irregularity of tooth resembling a fold in the enamel in early stage development, typically found on upper lateral incisors
Dens in dente
114
A hereditary disorder of dentin formation
Dentin dysplacia
115
A condition of tooth development in which dentin shows discoloration of the teeth (grays - browns); teeth are soft and wear down quickly
Dentinogenesis imperfecta
116
Occurs from overexposure to flouride in tooth development, causing yellowing of teeth, white spots, and pitting/mottling of enamel
Fluorosis
117
Two teeth become one during development, connected at enamel, roots, or maybe both
Fusion
118
One tooth makes two teeth connected by root during development
Germination
119
Lack of tooth development
Hypodontia
120
One extra tooth development
Hyperdontia
121
Macrodontia
Abnormally large teeth
122
Microdontia
Uncommonly small teeth
123
Supernumerary
Extra teeth
124
The bud stage or start of tooth development (STAGE 1: tooth development)
Initiation
125
Production of new parts, the bud and early cap stages of tooth development (STAGE 2: tooth development)
Proliferation
126
Changes in the function of cells in the tooth bud and development of teeth occurs (STAGE 3: tooth development)
Differentiation
127
The process in which tissue and tooth formation occur (STAGE 4: tooth development)
Apposition
128
The process in which tissue becomes hardened due to calcium deposits (STAGE 5: tooth development)
Calcification
129
The process of a tooth breaking through the gum tissue to grow into place in the mouth (STAGE 6: tooth development)
Eruption
130
The wearing away of the chewing surgace of the teeth during their normal fuction (FINAL STAGE: tooth development)
Attrition
131
Tooth arrangement, in position
Dentition
132
The normal process of losing, shedding, or falling out of primary teeth
Exfoliation
133
Tooth production, the origin and formation of teeth
Ondontogensis
134
Found in pits and fissures of occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars; buccal or lingual pits of the molars; lingual pit neal the cinulum of the maxilliary incisors (Cavities)
Class I cavity
135
Found on the proximal (mesial and distal) surfaces of premolars and molars (Cavities)
Class II cavity
136
Found on the proximal (mesial and distal) surfaces of incisors and canines (Cavities)
Class III cavity
137
Found on the proximal surfaces of incisors and canines, but also will involve the incisal edge (Cavities)
Class IV cavity
138
Found on the gingival third (the area near the gingiva) of the facial or lingual surfaces of any tooth (Cavities)
Class V cavity
139
Involve the incisal edges of anterior teeth and the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth that have been worn away due to abrasion (Cavities)
Class VI cavity
140
A collection of pus in a localized area
Abscess
141
Painful ulcers appearing in the oral cavity as a circular lesion with a yellow center and a red outline or halo, canker sore
Aphthous Ulcers
142
Cancerous lesion that doesn't metastasize, most commonly found on skin exposed to sun
Basal Cell Carcinoma
143
Oral yeast infection, presenting as a thick white covering on oral mucosa, monilasis
Candida albicans
144
Cancerous lesion of the epithelium that spreads into the bone and connective tissues
Carcinoma
145
Cellular debris from an infection, the drainage of pus
Exudate
146
Painful crusting ulcerations on the figer/hands resulting from exposure to herpes
Herpetic whitlow
147
Excess folds of tissue that result from an ill-fitting denture
Hyperplasis
148
Malignant blue-purple vascular tumor, may occur with HIV virus
Kaposi's sarcoma
149
Precipitating factor for cancer, white leathery patch
Leukoplakia
150
Constructed prosthetic device designed to close an opening in the palate
Obturator
151
Malignant neoplasm beginning in supportive and connective tissue such as bones
Sarcoma
152
Malignant lesion that travels into surrounding tissues or into the lymph nodes of the body
Squamous cell carcinoma
153
Oral maxillary, mandibular, palatal bone growths projecting outward from the surface
Tori
154
Immunity that is artificially acquired from immunizations, sometimes called adaptive immunity
Active Immunity
155
Organisms transferred through blood or bodily fluid that cause infectious disease
Bloodborne pathogens
156
A disease that occurs from splash or splatter to the mucosa or non intact skin
Droplet transmission
157
The use of a device that occurs from splash or splatter to the mucosa or non intact pathogens
Engineering control
158
The general protection that humans are born with, natural immunity
Innate immunity
159
An ongoing infection with recurrent symptoms
Latent Infection
160
energy
capability to do work
161
fluid
a liquid or a gaseous substance
162
denture
an artificial substitute for missing natural teeth
163
mallet
a hammer instrument
164
electron
a negatively charged particle
165
agent
person or product that causes action
166
irritant
an agent that causes irritation or stimulation
167
wound
injury to the body of a person, especially by violence
168
tension
state of being stretched or extended
169
inventory
an item compilation of materials on hand
170
dosage
the amount of medicine administered
171
bandage
a strip of material applied to any body part
172
molar
a tooth adapted for grinding
173
abrade
to wear away by friction
174
bridge
colloquial expression for a fixed partial denture
175
abducens
sixth cranial nerve, used for lateral eye sense and movement
176
abfraction
loss of tooth surface in the cervical area, caused by tooth grinding compression forces
177
abnormal labial frenum
enlarged or thick labial frenum that may cause diastema
178
abrasion
an injury in which skin is scraped away; wearing away of a tooth surface from abnormal causes
179
absorption
transfer of drug substance from the administration site by body fluids
180
abutment
natural tooth or teeth prepared to hold a bridge retainer in place
181
accessory
auxiliary; eleventh cranial nerve assisting with spinal movements
182
acetaminophen
drug used as an aspirin replacement in children
183
acid etchant
material to prepare cavity margins for retention of the bonding and restorative materials
184
acidifier
a chemical ingredient that maintains the required acidity of the fixer and stop-bath solutions
185
acidity
condition of being sour; makes litmus paper red
186
acquired pellicle
little skin; thin covering on teeth, plaque
187
acrylic
synthetic resin material used in fabrication of appliances
188
activate
to adjust an appliance so that it will exert effective force on the teeth and jaws
189
activator
substance that reacts with the initiator to start polymerization
190
acute
sharp or severe
191
acute radiation exposure
radiation resulting from a massive, short-term, ionizing dose, such as an accidental exposure or explosion of radiation material
192
addiction
compulsive, uncontrollable dependence on a drug
193
adenoid
lymphatic tissue found in the nasopharynx area
194
adentitis
inflammation of the glandular tissue
195
adjunctive orthodontics
procedures necessary to correct or restore function
196
adrenocorticosteroids
byproducts from the adrenal cortex; drugs to treat inflamed conditions, allergies, and emergencies
197
ala-tragus line
imaginary line from the ala (wing) of the nose to the ear meatus (center)
198
alginate
seaweed, agar-based elastic impression material
199
allograft
human bone graft from a person other than the patient
200
allopexia
deficiency of hair, baldness
201
alloy
a mixture of metals
202
alternating pulse sound
alternate weak and strong pulsations
203
alveolectomy
surgical removal of alveolar bone crests
204
alveolitis
infection or inflammation of the alveolar bone; a dry socket
205
alveolus
bone growth on the border of maxilla and mandible; makes up and forms the tooth sockets
206
alveoplastomy
surgical reshaping or contouring of alveolar bone
207
amalgam
soft alloy mass containing mercury, which hardens into restoration
208
amalgamation
blending or pulverizing of an alloy with mercury
209
amalgam carrier
hand instrument used to carry plastic (movable) amalgam to a restorative site
210
AMBU bag
bag placed over the nose and mouth of the victim to force air into the lungs
211
ameloblasts
enamel-forming cells; encourage cell growth for enamel tissue
212
amoxicillin
anti-infective antibiotic drug (ex. Amosil, Larotid)
213
ampicillin
anti-infective antibiotic type of drug (ex. Polucillin, Omnipen)
214
analgesia
without pain
215
analgesic
drug that relieves pain
216
anaphylactic
shock arising from a reaction to a body allergen
217
anaphylaxis
allergic reaction to drug or food
