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HOSA '22-'23 > HOSA Dental Terminology > Flashcards

HOSA Dental Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Toward midline

A

Mesial

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2
Q

Away from midline

A

Distal

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3
Q

Towards lips

A

Labial

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4
Q

Towards check

A

Buccal

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5
Q

Towards roof of mouth

A

Palatal

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6
Q

Ridge of molars

A

Occlusal

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7
Q

Ridge of incisors

A

Incisal

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8
Q

The top jaw

A

Maxillary Arch

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9
Q

The bottom jaw

A

Mandibular Arch

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10
Q

Rounded borders of enamel that form the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth and the mesial and distal margins of the lingual surfaces of the anterior teeth

A

Marginal Ridges

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11
Q

A ridge that descends from the tips of the cusps of molars and premolars towards the center part of the occlusal surface

A

Triangular Ridge

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12
Q

Formed by the union of buccal and lingual triangular ridges

A

Transverse Ridge

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13
Q

A ridge obliquely crossing the occlusal surfaces of maxillary molars

A

Oblique Ridge

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14
Q

A dentist who specializes in the diagnoses and treatment of dental pulp diseases

A

Endodontist

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15
Q

A dentist who specializes in the treatment of the entire facial structure due to injury or disease

A

Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon

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16
Q

A dentist who specializes in examining tissue samples to provide proper diagnosis and treatment of biopsy results

A

Oral pathologist

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17
Q

A dentist who corects malocclusions by realignment of the teeth and/or joints

A

Orthodontist

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18
Q

A dentist who specializes in the treatment of the surrounding structures that support the teeth due to injury or disease

A

Periodontist

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19
Q

A dentist who specializes in the fabrication of prosthetic dental devices for tooth replacement

A

Prosthodontist

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20
Q

Provides dental health care on county, state, and national levels by providing education and demonstration of proper oral hygiene instruction to elementary schools, high schools, businesses and the general population

A

Public Health Dental Official

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21
Q

Withdrawing care from a patient without reasonable notice or without providing a referral for completion of dental treatment

A

Abandonment

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22
Q

Non criminal legal action that a patient may pursue against a dentist that may result in a compensation lawsuit for pain, suffering, and loss of wages resulting from dental treatment or dentist’s action

A

Civil Law

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23
Q

Involves a state of govt. action against indivs. who perform nonlegal procedures or violate laws. Such lawsuits can result in disciplinary action, fines, and/or imprisonment

A

Criminal Law

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24
Q

The governing laws in the science of dentistry

A

Dental Jurisprudence

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25
Q

Legal restrictions set forth by each state legislative body that describe the statutes regarding performance guidelines for licensed and nonlicensed dental health care professionals

A

Dental Practice Act

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26
Q

The actions any reasonable or prudent dental care professional would perform under similar circumstances

A

Due Care

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27
Q

Adv. task that requires increased skill and training performed by a dental auxiliary when delegated by a dentist in accordance with that governing state dental practice data

A

Expanded Function

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28
Q

Verbal or written words that are agreed on in an established contract

A

Express Contract

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29
Q

An act passed by Congress to address the security and privacy of health data

A

HIPAA

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30
Q

A contract that is implemented by the patient’s actions, not verbally or written in implied consent

A

Implied Contract

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31
Q

The procedure of fully informing a patient about the choices the patient has regarding his/her dental care

A

Informed Consent

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32
Q

Occurs when the patient refuses treatment after he/she has been fully educated regarding the consequences of not receiving the treatment

A

Informed Refusal

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33
Q

Incorrect or negligent treatment by professional

A

Malpractice

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34
Q

Failure to use a standard of care that a reasonable person would apply under related situations

A

Negligence

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35
Q

Allows an individual to transfer licensure with the same rights from one state to another without having to retake licensure exams

A

Reciprocity

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36
Q

Statements made at the time of an alleged negligent act that are admissible in court as evidence

A

Res Gestae

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37
Q

Res ipsa loquitur

A

The act speaks for itself

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38
Q

Respondeat superior

A

The master answers

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39
Q

Actions implemented to minimize legal rights to the dental practice

A

Risk Management

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40
Q

Intentional or unintentional act that causes harm

A

Tort

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41
Q

A written doc signed by the patient that provides consent to receive treatment

A

Written Consent

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42
Q

Forehead

A

Frontal

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43
Q

Top back of the head

A

Parietal

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44
Q

Side of head by eyes

A

Temporal

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45
Q

Bottom back of the head

A

Occipital

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46
Q

Ear area

A

Mastoid

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47
Q

Face

A

Facial

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48
Q

Mouth

A

Oral

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49
Q

Nose

A

Nasal

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50
Q

Eyes

A

Orbital

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51
Q

Chin

A

Mental

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52
Q

Checkbone

A

Zygomatic

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53
Q

Check

A

Buccal

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54
Q

The part of the mandible and the maxilla that contain tooth sockets

A

Alveolar process

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55
Q

To join together

A

Articulate

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56
Q

Grinding of Teeth

A

Bruxism

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57
Q

Bone that is more spongy or porous than dense bone

A

Cancellous bone

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58
Q

A crackling/grinding sound

A

Crepitus

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59
Q

Openings in bone allowing for passage of nerve and blood vessels

A

Foramina

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60
Q

A shallow depression within the temporal bone

A

Glenoid fossa

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61
Q

The movable end of a muscle

A

Insertion

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62
Q

The bone of the lower jaw

A

Mandible

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63
Q

The principle muscle of mastication that closes the mouth

A

Masseter

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64
Q

The act of chewing

A

Mastication

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65
Q

Two bones that form the upper jaw

A

Maxilla

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66
Q

A rounded prominence of bone located posterior to the maxillary molars

A

Maxillary Tuberosity

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67
Q

Muscle of the chin that protrudes the lower lip and wrinkles the skin

A

Mentalis

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68
Q

The fixed attachment of a muscle

A

Origin

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69
Q

A stone in the salivary duct

A

Sialolith

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70
Q

An immovable line of union between two bones

A

Suture

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71
Q

The encapsulated synovial joint between the temporal bone of the skull and the condyle of the mandible

A

Temporomandibular joint

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72
Q

Dryness of the mouth caused by an abnormal reduction in salivary secretion

A

Xerostomia

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73
Q

Pertaining to the cheekbone

A

Zygomatic

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74
Q

Winged flare of a nostril

A

Ala

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75
Q

The corners of the mouth

A

Commissures

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76
Q

A long fold of tissue along the buccal mucosa next to where the teeth come together

A

Linea Alba

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77
Q

The roof of the mouth (upper alveolar arch)

A

Palate

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78
Q

The passage for your air and food

A

Pharynx

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79
Q

A vertical groove between the nose and the upper lip

A

Philtrum

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80
Q

The prominence of fleshy tissue anterior to the ear opening

A

Tragus

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81
Q

A fold of mucous membrane attached to the back of the soft palate

A

Uvula

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82
Q

Transitional area between the skin of the face and the mucous membrane of the lip

A

Vermillion border

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83
Q

The highest peak in the alveolar process

A

Alveolar crest

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84
Q

The opening within the alveolar bone that houses the roots of the teeth

A

Alveolar socket

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85
Q

Enamel-forming cells

A

Ameloblasts

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86
Q

The portion of the tooth that is covered with enamel

A

Anatomical crown

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87
Q

Peaked tip at the end of each root

A

Apex

88
Q

Opening in the apex of each root

A

Apical foramen

89
Q

Cementum-forming cells

A

Cementoblasts

90
Q

The portion of the crown that is visible in the oral cavity

A

Clinical crown

91
Q

Growth of the oral epithelium that will eventually form teeth

A

Dental lamina

92
Q

Tissue from the mesoderm layer that will form the dentin and the pulp

A

Dental papilla

93
Q

Capsule that contains the developing tooth; it will also form the cementum, periodontal ligament, and some alveolar bone

A

Dental sac

94
Q

Tissue that makes up the bulk of the tooth; it is covered by the cementum on the root and enamel on the crown

A

Dentin

95
Q

Microscopic canals running through the dentin

A

Dentinal tubules

96
Q

The study of how a human being develops through 2 stages before birth

A

Embryology

97
Q

Tissue arising from the ectoderm layer that will from the enamel

A

Enamel Organ

98
Q

The study of the composition and function of tissues

A

Histology

99
Q

Compact bone that lines the socket of the alveolar process

A

Lamina dura

100
Q

A thin delicate tissue that covers the inside of the cheeks, vestibule, soft palate, undersurface of the tongue and floor of the mouth

A

Lining mucosa

101
Q

A dense, thick mucosa that is designed to withstand the trauma of chewing; it covers the hard palate, tongue, and gum tissue

A

Masticatory mucosa

102
Q

Dentin-forming cells

A

Odontoblasts

103
Q

Tissues that surround and support the teeth

A

Periodontium

104
Q

Dentin formed prior to tooth eruption

A

Primary dentin

105
Q

Tissue composed of blood and nymph vessels, nerve and connective tissues, and odontoblasts

A

Pulp

106
Q

Dentin formed after the tooth eruption that remains for life of the tooth

A

Secondary dentin

107
Q

A primitive mouth

A

Stomodeum

108
Q

The permanent teeth that replace the primary teeth

A

Succedaneous teeth

109
Q

A reparative dentin that forms in response to injury or irritation

A

Tertiary dentin

110
Q

The first stage in embryonic development

A

Zygote

111
Q

Dental enamel hypoplacia, incomplete formation of dental enamel caused by vitamin deficiency, infectious disease, birth injury, trauma, or local infection

A

Amelogenesis imperfecta

112
Q

A complete lack of tooth development; disorder that appears at birth

A

Anodontia

113
Q

Irregularity of tooth resembling a fold in the enamel in early stage development, typically found on upper lateral incisors

A

Dens in dente

114
Q

A hereditary disorder of dentin formation

A

Dentin dysplacia

115
Q

A condition of tooth development in which dentin shows discoloration of the teeth (grays - browns); teeth are soft and wear down quickly

A

Dentinogenesis imperfecta

116
Q

Occurs from overexposure to flouride in tooth development, causing yellowing of teeth, white spots, and pitting/mottling of enamel

A

Fluorosis

117
Q

Two teeth become one during development, connected at enamel, roots, or maybe both

A

Fusion

118
Q

One tooth makes two teeth connected by root during development

A

Germination

119
Q

Lack of tooth development

A

Hypodontia

120
Q

One extra tooth development

A

Hyperdontia

121
Q

Macrodontia

A

Abnormally large teeth

122
Q

Microdontia

A

Uncommonly small teeth

123
Q

Supernumerary

A

Extra teeth

124
Q

The bud stage or start of tooth development (STAGE 1: tooth development)

A

Initiation

125
Q

Production of new parts, the bud and early cap stages of tooth development (STAGE 2: tooth development)

A

Proliferation

126
Q

Changes in the function of cells in the tooth bud and development of teeth occurs (STAGE 3: tooth development)

A

Differentiation

127
Q

The process in which tissue and tooth formation occur (STAGE 4: tooth development)

A

Apposition

128
Q

The process in which tissue becomes hardened due to calcium deposits (STAGE 5: tooth development)

A

Calcification

129
Q

The process of a tooth breaking through the gum tissue to grow into place in the mouth (STAGE 6: tooth development)

A

Eruption

130
Q

The wearing away of the chewing surgace of the teeth during their normal fuction (FINAL STAGE: tooth development)

A

Attrition

131
Q

Tooth arrangement, in position

A

Dentition

132
Q

The normal process of losing, shedding, or falling out of primary teeth

A

Exfoliation

133
Q

Tooth production, the origin and formation of teeth

A

Ondontogensis

134
Q

Found in pits and fissures of occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars; buccal or lingual pits of the molars; lingual pit neal the cinulum of the maxilliary incisors (Cavities)

A

Class I cavity

135
Q

Found on the proximal (mesial and distal) surfaces of premolars and molars (Cavities)

A

Class II cavity

136
Q

Found on the proximal (mesial and distal) surfaces of incisors and canines (Cavities)

A

Class III cavity

137
Q

Found on the proximal surfaces of incisors and canines, but also will involve the incisal edge (Cavities)

A

Class IV cavity

138
Q

Found on the gingival third (the area near the gingiva) of the facial or lingual surfaces of any tooth (Cavities)

A

Class V cavity

139
Q

Involve the incisal edges of anterior teeth and the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth that have been worn away due to abrasion (Cavities)

A

Class VI cavity

140
Q

A collection of pus in a localized area

A

Abscess

141
Q

Painful ulcers appearing in the oral cavity as a circular lesion with a yellow center and a red outline or halo, canker sore

A

Aphthous Ulcers

142
Q

Cancerous lesion that doesn’t metastasize, most commonly found on skin exposed to sun

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

143
Q

Oral yeast infection, presenting as a thick white covering on oral mucosa, monilasis

A

Candida albicans

144
Q

Cancerous lesion of the epithelium that spreads into the bone and connective tissues

A

Carcinoma

145
Q

Cellular debris from an infection, the drainage of pus

A

Exudate

146
Q

Painful crusting ulcerations on the figer/hands resulting from exposure to herpes

A

Herpetic whitlow

147
Q

Excess folds of tissue that result from an ill-fitting denture

A

Hyperplasis

148
Q

Malignant blue-purple vascular tumor, may occur with HIV virus

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma

149
Q

Precipitating factor for cancer, white leathery patch

A

Leukoplakia

150
Q

Constructed prosthetic device designed to close an opening in the palate

A

Obturator

151
Q

Malignant neoplasm beginning in supportive and connective tissue such as bones

A

Sarcoma

152
Q

Malignant lesion that travels into surrounding tissues or into the lymph nodes of the body

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

153
Q

Oral maxillary, mandibular, palatal bone growths projecting outward from the surface

A

Tori

154
Q

Immunity that is artificially acquired from immunizations, sometimes called adaptive immunity

A

Active Immunity

155
Q

Organisms transferred through blood or bodily fluid that cause infectious disease

A

Bloodborne pathogens

156
Q

A disease that occurs from splash or splatter to the mucosa or non intact skin

A

Droplet transmission

157
Q

The use of a device that occurs from splash or splatter to the mucosa or non intact pathogens

A

Engineering control

158
Q

The general protection that humans are born with, natural immunity

A

Innate immunity

159
Q

An ongoing infection with recurrent symptoms

A

Latent Infection

160
Q

energy

A

capability to do work

161
Q

fluid

A

a liquid or a gaseous substance

162
Q

denture

A

an artificial substitute for missing natural teeth

163
Q

mallet

A

a hammer instrument

164
Q

electron

A

a negatively charged particle

165
Q

agent

A

person or product that causes action

166
Q

irritant

A

an agent that causes irritation or stimulation

167
Q

wound

A

injury to the body of a person, especially by violence

168
Q

tension

A

state of being stretched or extended

169
Q

inventory

A

an item compilation of materials on hand

170
Q

dosage

A

the amount of medicine administered

171
Q

bandage

A

a strip of material applied to any body part

172
Q

molar

A

a tooth adapted for grinding

173
Q

abrade

A

to wear away by friction

174
Q

bridge

A

colloquial expression for a fixed partial denture

175
Q

abducens

A

sixth cranial nerve, used for lateral eye sense and movement

176
Q

abfraction

A

loss of tooth surface in the cervical area, caused by tooth grinding compression forces

177
Q

abnormal labial frenum

A

enlarged or thick labial frenum that may cause diastema

178
Q

abrasion

A

an injury in which skin is scraped away; wearing away of a tooth surface from abnormal causes

179
Q

absorption

A

transfer of drug substance from the administration site by body fluids

180
Q

abutment

A

natural tooth or teeth prepared to hold a bridge retainer in place

181
Q

accessory

A

auxiliary; eleventh cranial nerve assisting with spinal movements

182
Q

acetaminophen

A

drug used as an aspirin replacement in children

183
Q

acid etchant

A

material to prepare cavity margins for retention of the bonding and restorative materials

184
Q

acidifier

A

a chemical ingredient that maintains the required acidity of the fixer and stop-bath solutions

185
Q

acidity

A

condition of being sour; makes litmus paper red

186
Q

acquired pellicle

A

little skin; thin covering on teeth, plaque

187
Q

acrylic

A

synthetic resin material used in fabrication of appliances

188
Q

activate

A

to adjust an appliance so that it will exert effective force on the teeth and jaws

189
Q

activator

A

substance that reacts with the initiator to start polymerization

190
Q

acute

A

sharp or severe

191
Q

acute radiation exposure

A

radiation resulting from a massive, short-term, ionizing dose, such as an accidental exposure or explosion of radiation material

192
Q

addiction

A

compulsive, uncontrollable dependence on a drug

193
Q

adenoid

A

lymphatic tissue found in the nasopharynx area

194
Q

adentitis

A

inflammation of the glandular tissue

195
Q

adjunctive orthodontics

A

procedures necessary to correct or restore function

196
Q

adrenocorticosteroids

A

byproducts from the adrenal cortex; drugs to treat inflamed conditions, allergies, and emergencies

197
Q

ala-tragus line

A

imaginary line from the ala (wing) of the nose to the ear meatus (center)

198
Q

alginate

A

seaweed, agar-based elastic impression material

199
Q

allograft

A

human bone graft from a person other than the patient

200
Q

allopexia

A

deficiency of hair, baldness

201
Q

alloy

A

a mixture of metals

202
Q

alternating pulse sound

A

alternate weak and strong pulsations

203
Q

alveolectomy

A

surgical removal of alveolar bone crests

204
Q

alveolitis

A

infection or inflammation of the alveolar bone; a dry socket

205
Q

alveolus

A

bone growth on the border of maxilla and mandible; makes up and forms the tooth sockets

206
Q

alveoplastomy

A

surgical reshaping or contouring of alveolar bone

207
Q

amalgam

A

soft alloy mass containing mercury, which hardens into restoration

208
Q

amalgamation

A

blending or pulverizing of an alloy with mercury

209
Q

amalgam carrier

A

hand instrument used to carry plastic (movable) amalgam to a restorative site

210
Q

AMBU bag

A

bag placed over the nose and mouth of the victim to force air into the lungs

211
Q

ameloblasts

A

enamel-forming cells; encourage cell growth for enamel tissue

212
Q

amoxicillin

A

anti-infective antibiotic drug (ex. Amosil, Larotid)

213
Q

ampicillin

A

anti-infective antibiotic type of drug (ex. Polucillin, Omnipen)

214
Q

analgesia

A

without pain

215
Q

analgesic

A

drug that relieves pain

216
Q

anaphylactic

A

shock arising from a reaction to a body allergen

217
Q

anaphylaxis

A

allergic reaction to drug or food

HOSA '22-'23 (1 decks)

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