HOSA BOWL TERMS Flashcards
1
Q
aesthetics
A
the way something looks
2
Q
afebrile
A
lacking fever
3
Q
ambulate
A
to walk
4
Q
anabolism
A
the constructive part of metabolism concerned especially with macromolecular synthesis
5
Q
analgesic
A
an agent for producing analgesia (insensibility to pain without loss of consciousness)
6
Q
aneurysm
A
an abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel
7
Q
angina
A
a disease marked by spasmodic attacks of intense suffocative pain; chest pain
8
Q
anorexia
A
loss of appetite especially when prolonged
9
Q
anticoagulant
A
a substance that hinders coagulation and especially coagulation of the blood
10
Q
antiemetic
A
substance used to prevent vomiting
11
Q
antipyretic
A
substance used to prevent
12
Q
antitussive
A
cough suppressant
13
Q
antrum
A
a cavity within a bone or hollow organ
14
Q
anuria
A
absence of or defective urine secretion
15
Q
apraxia
A
loss or impairment of the ability to execute complex coordinated movements without muscular or sensory impairment
16
Q
articulate
A
consisting of segments united by joints; jointed
17
Q
asymptomatic
A
lacking symptoms
18
Q
ataxia
A
an inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements that is symptomatic of some nervous disorders
19
Q
atelectasis
A
collapse of the expanded lung
20
Q
athetosis
A
a nervous disorder that is marked by continual slow movements especially of the extremities and is usually due to a brain lesion
21
Q
atrophy
A
decrease in size or wasting away of a body part or tissue
22
Q
auscultation
A
the act of listening to sounds arising within organs as an aid to dx and tx
23
Q
benign
A
of a mild type or character that does not threaten health or life
24
Q
biopsy
A
the removal and examination of tissue
25
blepharoptosis
a drooping or abnormal relaxation of the upper eyelid
26
bolus
a large dose of a substance given by injection for the purpose of rapidly achieving the needed therapeutic concentration in the bloodstream
27
borborygmus
a rumbling sound made by the movement of gas in the intestine
28
bruit
murmur; abnormal sound heard in auscultation
29
bruxism
the habit of unconsciously gritting or grinding the teeth especially in situations of stress or during sleep
30
buccal
relating to the cheek
31
bulla
a hollow thin-walled rounded bony prominence; a large vesicle or blister
32
cannula
a small tube for insertion into a body cavity
33
carbuncle
a painful local purulent inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues with multiple openings for the discharge of pus and usually necrosis and sloughing of dead tissue; larger than a boil
34
carcinogen
a substance or agent causing cancer
35
catabolism
destructive metabolism involving the release of energy and resulting in the breakdown of complex materials within the organism
36
caudal
towards the feet
37
cauterization
using heat to sear a wound
38
cheilits
inflammation of the lip
39
cholecystectomy
surgical removal of the gallbladder
40
choledocholithotomy
surgical incision of the common bile duct for removal of a gallstone
41
cicatrix
a scar resulting from formation and contraction of fibrous tissue in a flesh wound
42
circumscribed
confined to a limited area
43
coma
a state of profound unconsciousness caused by disease
44
comedo
blackhead; a small plug of sebum blocking the duct of a sebaceous gland especially on the face
45
complication
a secondary disease or condition that develops in the course of a primary disease or condition and arises either as a result of it or from independent causes
46
concussion
a condition resulting from the stunning
47
condyle
large
48
congenital
present at birth
49
contracture
a permanent shortening of a muscle
50
contraindicate
to make a treatment or procedure inadvisable
51
contusion
injury to tissue usually without laceration
52
curettage
a surgical scraping or cleaning by means of curette
53
cyanosis
a bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin due to deficient oxygenation of the blood
54
cyst
a closed sac having a distinct membrane and developing abnormally in a body cavity or structure
55
cytology
the study of cells
56
dangle
to hang loosely
57
debilitated
having impaired strength
58
debridement
the usual surgical removal of lacerated
59
deciduous teeth
baby teeth; teeth that will eventually be lost during adolescence
60
decubitus ulcer
bedsore; an ulceration of tissue deprived of adequate blood supply by prolonged pressure
61
deglutition
the act of swallowing
62
diaphoresis
profuse sweating
63
diastolic
the lowest arterial blood pressure of a cardiac cycle occurring during diastole of the heart
64
distended
enlarged or stretched out
65
diuretic
medication to increase urine excretion
66
dyspepsia
indigestion; inability to digest or difficulty in digesting food
67
dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing
68
dysphasia
loss of or deficiency in the power to use or understand language as a result of injury to or disease of the brain
69
dystrophy
a condition produced by faulty nutrition; any myogenic atrophy
70
ecchymosis
bruise; the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels marked by a livid black and blue or purple spot or area
71
edema
an abnormal excess accumulation of serous fluid in connective tissue or in a serous cavity; also called dropsy
72
edentulous
without teeth
73
effusion
the escape of fluid from anatomical vessels by rupture or exudation
74
emesis
vomiting; an act or instance of disgorging the contents of the stomach through the mouth
75
emetic
substance that induces vomiting
76
endemic
restricted or peculiar to a locality or region
77
enuresis
an involuntary discharge of urine; incontinence of urine
78
episiotomy
surgical enlargement of the vulval orifice for obstetrical purposes during parturition
79
epistaxis
nosebleed
80
eructation
an act or instance of belching
81
erythema
abnormal redness of the skin due to capillary congestion
82
etiology
the study of the cause of disease
83
eupnea
normal respiration
84
exacerbation
to cause a disease or its symptoms to become more sever
85
expectorant
an agent that promotes the discharge or expulsion of mucus from the respiratory tract
86
extubate
to remove a tube especially from the larynx after intubation; sometimes called detubation
87
febrile
with fever
88
fissure
a groove or crack-like sore; normal folds in the brain
89
fistula
an abnormal passage from an internal organ to the body surface or between two internal organs
90
flatus
gas in the stomach or intestines that is expelled through the anus
91
fontanelle
soft spot between the skull bones of an infant
92
foramen
an opening in a bone through which blood vessels
93
fossa
a furrow or shallow depression
94
frenum
a fold of mucous membrane that connects two parts
95
fundus
1)the larger part
96
furuncle
a localized skin infection originating in a gland or hair follicle
97
gait
manner of walking
98
glioma
a sarcoma of neuroglial origin; neoplasm or a tumor composed of neuroglia cells
99
gurney
a litter equipped for wheels used in a hospital for transporting patients
100
gustatory
pertaining to the sense of taste
101
hematemesis
vomiting blood
102
hematoma
a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the skin or in an organ
103
hematuria
presence of blood in the urine
104
heparin
anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells
105
hernia
protrusion of a part of structure through the tissues normally containing it
106
histology
the study of tissues
107
homeostasis
state of equilibrium of the internal environment of the body that is maintained by dynamic processes of feedback and regulation
108
hospice
a program of medical and emotional care for the terminally ill; usually initiated within 6 months of death
109
hyoid
horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue; only unarticulated bone in the body
110
hypertrophy
increase in the size of an organ or structure that does not involve tumor formation; generally restricted to an increase in size or bulk not resulting from an increase in number of cells or tissue elements
111
iatrogenic
an illness or unfavorable response to medical or surgical treatment that was induced from the treatment itself
112
idiopathic
disease of unknown cause
113
incontinent
unable to control excretory functions
114
infarction
formation of a localized area of necrosis caused by an interruption of blood supply
115
inguinal
pertaining to the region of the groin
116
intubate
to insert a tube
117
irrigate
to wash out with a fluid
118
ischemia
a deficiency in blood supply due to either the constriction or obstruction of a blood vessel
119
jaundice
also known as icterus; a yellow discoloration of the skin and other tissues caused by greater than normal amounts of bilirubin in the bloodstream
120
keloid
abnormally raised or thickened scar
121
kinesiology
the study of muscles and muscular movement
122
kyphosis
hunchback; an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine
123
labial
pertaining to the libs
124
laparotomy
the surgical opening of the abdomen
125
lesion
any pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
126
lethargic
affected by a lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness
127
lingual
pertaining to the tongue; tongue shaped
128
lithotomy
a surgical incision for the removal of a stone usually of the bladder; an examination position (normally used for birthing)
129
lithotripsy
crushing of a stone int he bladder or urethra
130
localized
restricted to a limited region
131
lordosis
abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lower or lumbar spine; swayback
132
lumbago
lower back pain
133
malacia
abnormal softening
134
malignant
tending to spread
135
malocclusion
any deviation from a normal occlusion of the teeth
136
mandible
bone forming the lower jaw
137
manifestation
an obvious indication or specific evidence that a disease is present
138
manubrium
the upper segment of the sternum articulating with the clavicle and first pair of costal cartilage
139
mastication
chewing
140
meatus
a passage or opening
141
melena
passage of black stools containing digested blood
142
meninges
the three membranes investing the spinal cord and brain; dura mater
143
meniscus
a disk of cartilage that acts as a cushion between the ends of bones in a joint
144
metabolism
sum of all the physical and chemical processes by which living organized substance is produced and maintained (anabolism) and also the transformation by which energy is made available for the uses of the organism (catabolism)
145
metastasis
pathogenic growth that is distant from the primary disease site
146
narcolepsy
syndrome characterized by recurrent uncontrollable seizures of drowsiness and sleep
147
neoplasm
any new growth of tissue in which the multiplication of cells is uncontrolled
148
nocturia
excessive urination during the night
149
nosocomial
any hospital-acquired infection
150
occluded
to close up
151
olfactory
pertaining to smell
152
oliguria
scanty or frequent urination
153
oncology
the study of tumors
154
onychocryptosis
ingrown toenail
155
onychomycosis
a fungal infection of the nails
156
onychophagia
nail biting
157
orifice
an aperture or hole opening into a bodily cavity
158
orthopnea
respiratory condition in which there is discomfort in breathing in any but erect sitting or standing position
159
orthosis
the straightening or correction of a deformity or disability
160
ossicles
any small bone
161
palliative
a substance that serves to ease pain or the severity of a disease but does not cure it
162
palpation
examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture
163
pandemic
occurring over a large geographic area
164
parietal
pertaining to
165
paroxysmal
sudden or spasmlike
166
pathogen
a microorganism that causes a disease
167
pathology
the study of the nature
168
pediculosis
an infestation with lice; named for the body part involved
169
pendulous
swinging freely like a pendulum
170
percussion
examination procedure to determine the density of a body area by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the finger or instrument
171
pericardium
membranous sac enclosing the heart
172
perineum
the pelvic floor and associated structures occupying the pelvic outlet
173
peritoneum
double-layered membrane surrounding the abdominal organs
174
petechiae
small
175
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
176
pica
a perverted appetite of non-organic origin in which this is persistent eating of non nutritional substances such as clay
177
placebo
a substance containing no active ingredients that is given for its suggestive effects
178
pleura
serous membrane that enfolds both lungs and is reflected upon the walls of the thorax and diaphragm
179
polyp
mushroom like growth from the surface of a mucous membrane
180
polyuria
excessive or frequenty urination
181
pressure sore
a sore caused by pressure from a splint or other appliance or from the body itself when it was remained immobile in bed for extended periods of time
182
process
a projection or outgrowth of bone or tissue
183
projectile vomiting
vomit capable of being hurled or impelled forward
184
prolapsed
the falling down or slipping out of place of an organ or part
185
prophylactic
acting to defend against or prevent something
186
prosthesis
an artifical device used to replace a missing body part
187
pruritus
severe itching
188
psychosomatic
of or relating to a disorder having physical symptoms but originating from mental or emotional causes
189
ptosis
abnormal lowering or drooping of an organ or a part
190
purulent
containing
191
pyloris
passage at the lower end of the stomach that opens into the duodenum
192
pyorrhea
a discharge of pus
193
pyrosis
heartburn
194
rebound congestion
result of abnormal swelling and hypertrophy of the nasal mucosa
195
rebound tenderness
a sensation of pain felt when pressure is suddenly removed
196
reduction
the replacement or realignment of a body part in normal position or restoration of a bodily condition to normal
197
remission
a state or period during which the symptoms of a disease are not present
198
resect
to perform the surgical removal of part of an organ or structure
199
rhonchus
wheezing breath sounds heard in auscultation
200
rugae
an anatomical fold or wrinkle
201
sarcoma
a malignant tumor arising from mesodermal origin that spreads by extension into neighboring tissue or by way of the bloodstream
202
sclerosis
abnormal hardening
203
scoliosis
lateral curvature of the spine
204
seizure
a sudden attack; especially the physical manifestations (convulsions
205
septum
a dividing wall or membrane especially between bodily spaces or masses of soft tissue
206
sialadenitis
inflammation of a salivary gland
207
sign
objective evidence of disease
208
somnambulism
sleep walking
209
spasticity
muscular hypertonicity with increased tendon reflexes
210
sphincter
an annular muscle surrounding and able to contract or close a bodily opening
211
spina bifida
a neural tube defect marked by congenital cleft of the spinal column usually with hernial protrusion of the meninges and sometimes the spinal cord
212
stenosis
abnormal narrowing
213
stoma
a mouth or mouthlike opening (especially one created by surgery on the surface of the body to create an opening to an internal organ)
214
stomatitis
any of numerous inflammatory diseases of the mouth having various causes
215
stupor
a condition of greatly dulled or completely suspended sense
216
suppository
a solid but readily meltable cone or cylinder of usually medicated material for insertion into a bodily passage or cavity
217
symptom
subjective evidence of disease
218
syncope
loss of consciousness resulting from insufficient blood flow to the brain; fainting
219
syndrome
group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular abnormality
220
systemic
affecting an entire system
221
systolic
the highest arterial blood pressure of a cardiac cycle occurring immediately after systole of the left ventricle of the heart
222
tactile
of
223
therapeutic
of or relating to the treatment of disease or disorders by remedial agents or methods
224
tinea
any of several fungal diseases of the skin
225
tinnitus
ringing of the ears
226
topical
designed for or involving application to or action on the surface of a part of the body
227
torticollis
a twisting of the neck to one side that results in abnormal carriage of the head and is usually caused by muscle spasms
228
traction
the pulling of or tension established in one body part by another
229
transdermal
supplying a medication in a form for absorption through the skin into the bloodstream
230
tremor
a trembling or shaking usually from physical weakness
231
trendelenburg
a position of the body for medical examination or operation in which the patient is placed head down on a table inclined at about 45 degrees from the floor with the knees uppermost and the legs hanging over the end of the table; used for shock
232
triage
the sorting of patients according to the urgency of their need for care
233
trocar
a sharp pointed instrument fitted with a cannula and used especially to insert the cannula into a body cavity as a drainage outlet
234
tubal ligation
ligation of the fallopian tubes that by preventing passage of ova from the ovaries to the uterus serves as a method of female sterilization
235
ulcer
a break in skin or mucous membrane with loss of surface tissue
236
urticaria
also known as hives; an allergic disorder marked by raised edematous red patches of skin or mucous membranes and usually by intense itching and caused by contact with a specific precipitating factor
237
uvula
the pendent fleshy lobe int he middle of the posterior border of the soft palate
238
varix
abnormally dilated and lengthened vein
239
vasectomy
surgical division or resection of all or part of the vas deferens usually to induce male sterility
240
verrucae
a wart or warty skin lesion
241
vertigo
a sensation of motion which is associated with various disorders (as of the inner ear) and in which the individual or the individual's surroundings seem to whirl dizzily
242
vesicle
a membranous and usually fluid filled pouch (such as a cyst
243
visceral
of
244
vitiligo
a progressive skin disorder that is a form of leukoderma caused by the localized or generalized destruction of melanocytes and marked by sharply circumscribed white spots of skin
245
void
to urinate
246
zygomatic
pertaining to the cheek bone
