Hormones of the Endocrine System

Question 1

Gland: releasing and inhibiting factors

Answer 1

Hypothalamus

Question 2

Class: releasing and inhibiting factors

Answer 2

peptides

Question 3

Target/effect: releasing and inhibiting factors

Answer 3

anterior pituitary/modify activity

Question 4

Gland: growth hormone (GH)

Answer 4

Anterior pituitary

Question 5

Class: growth hormone (GH)

Answer 5

peptide

Question 6

Target/effect: growth hormone (GH)

Answer 6

inc. bone & muscle growth, inc. cell turnover rate

Question 7

Gland: prolactin

Answer 7

Anterior pituitary

Question 8

Class: prolactin

Answer 8

peptide

Question 9

Target/effect: prolactin

Answer 9

mammary gland/milk production

Question 10

Gland: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 10

Anterior pituitary

Question 11

Class: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 11

peptide

Question 12

Target/effect: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 12

thyroid/inc. synthesis & release of TH

Question 13

Gland: adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 13

Anterior pituitary

Question 14

Class: adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 14

peptide

Question 15

Target/effect: adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 15

inc. growth & secretory activity of adrenal ctx

Question 16

Gland: luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 16

Anterior pituitary

Question 17

Class: luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 17

peptide

Question 18

Target/effect: luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 18

ovary/ovulation, testes/testosterone synth.

Question 19

Gland: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 19

Anterior pituitary

Question 20

Class: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 20

peptide

Question 21

Target/effect: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 21

ovary/follicle development, testes/spermatogenesis

Question 22

Gland: antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin)

Answer 22

Posterior pituitary

Question 23

Class: antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin)

Answer 23

peptide

Question 24

Target/effect: antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin)

Answer 24

kidney/water retention

Question 25

Gland: oxytocin

Answer 25

Posterior pituitary

Question 26

Class: oxytocin

Answer 26

peptide

Question 27

Target/effect: oxytocin

Answer 27

breast/milk letdown, uterus/contraction

Question 28

Gland: thyroid hormone (TH, thyroxine)

Answer 28

Thyroid

Question 29

Class: calcitonin

Answer 29

peptide

Question 30

Target/effect: calcitonin

Answer 30

bone, kidney; lowers serum [Ca2+]

Question 31

Gland: parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 31

Parathyroids

Question 32

Class: parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 32

peptide

Question 33

Target/effect: parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 33

bone, kidney, small intestine/raises serum [Ca2+]

Question 34

Gland: thymosin (children only)

Answer 34

Thymus

Question 35

Class: thymosin (children only)

Answer 35

peptide

Question 36

Target/effect: thymosin (children only)

Answer 36

T cell development during childhood

Question 37

Gland: epinephrine

Answer 37

Adrenal medulla

Question 38

Class: epinephrine

Answer 38

modified amino acid

Question 39

Target/effect: epinephrine

Answer 39

sympathetic stress response (rapid)

Question 40

Gland: cortisol ("glucocorticoid")

Answer 40

Adrenal cortex

Question 41

Class: cortisol ("glucocorticoid")

Answer 41

steroid

Question 42

Target/effect: cortisol ("glucocorticoid")

Answer 42

longer-term stress response; inc. blood [glucose]; inc. protein catabolism; dec. inflammation & immunity; many other

Question 43

Gland: aldosterone ("mineralocorticoid")

Answer 43

Adrenal cortex

Question 44

Class: aldosterone ("mineralocorticoid")

Answer 44

steroid

Question 45

Target/effect: aldosterone ("mineralocorticoid")

Answer 45

kidney/inc. Na+ reabsorption to inc. b.p.

Question 46

Gland: sex steroids

Answer 46

Adrenal cortex

Question 47

Gland: insulin

Answer 47

Endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans)

Question 48

Class: insulin

Answer 48

peptide

Question 49

Target/effect: insulin

Answer 49

dec. blood [glucose]/inc. glycogen & fat storage

Question 50

Gland: glucagon

Answer 50

Endocrine pancreas

Question 51

Class: glucagon

Answer 51

peptide

Question 52

Target/effect: glucagon

Answer 52

inc. blood [glucose]/dec. glycogen & fat storage

Question 53

Gland: somatostatin (SS)

Answer 53

Endocrine pancreas

Question 54

Class: somatostatin (SS)

Answer 54

peptide

Question 55

Target/effect: somatostatin (SS)

Answer 55

inhibits many digestive processes

Question 56

Gland: testosterone

Answer 56

Testes

Question 57

Class: testosterone

Answer 57

steroid

Question 58

Target/effect: testosterone

Answer 58

male characteristics, spermatogenesis

Question 59

Gland: estrogen

Answer 59

Ovaries/placenta

Question 60

Class: estrogen

Answer 60

steroid

Question 61

Target/effect: estrogen

Answer 61

female characteristics, endometrial growth

Question 62

Gland: progesterone

Answer 62

Ovaries/placenta

Question 63

Class: progesterone

Answer 63

steroid

Question 64

Target/effect: progesterone

Answer 64

endometrial secretion, pregnancy

Question 65

Gland: atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)

Answer 65

Heart

Question 66

Class: atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)

Answer 66

peptide

Question 67

Target/effect: atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)

Answer 67

kidney/inc. urination to dec. blood pressure

Question 68

Gland: erythropoietin

Answer 68

Kidney

Question 69

Class: erythropoietin

Answer 69

peptide

Question 70

Target/effect: erythropoietin

Answer 70

bone marrow/inc. RBC synthesis

Question 71

Anterior pituitary tropic hormone

Answer 71

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 72

Anterior pituitary gonadotropic hormone

Answer 72

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 73

Thyroid C cell hormone

Answer 73

calcitonin

Question 74

hormone secreted by beta cells

Answer 74

insulin

Question 75

hormone secreted by alpha cells

Answer 75

glucagon