Hormones of the Endocrine System Flashcards
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
stimulates follicle maturation; spermatogenesis (Anterior Pituitary)
Luteinizing Hormone
Stimulates Ovulation; Testosterone synthesis (Anterior Pituitary)
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones (Anterior Pituitary)
Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
Stimulates adrenal cortex to make and secret glucocorticoids (Anterior Pituitary)
Prolactin
Stimulates milk production and secretion (Anterior Pituitary)
Endorphins
Inhibits the perception of pain (Anterior Pituitary)
Growth Hormone
Stimulates the bone and muscle growth/lipolysis (Anterior Pituitary)
Oxytocin
Stimulates uterine contractions during labor, milk secretion during lactation (Hypothalamus; stored in posterior pituitary)
Antidiuretic (ADH, vasopressin)
Stimulates water reabsorption in the kidneys (hypothalamus; stored in posterior pituitary)
Thyroid Hormones (T3 and T4)
Stimulates metabolic activity (Thyroid
Calcitonin
Decreases blood calcium level (thyroid)
Parathyroid hormone
Increases blood calcium level (parathyroid)
Glucocorticoids
Increases blood glucose level and decreases protein synthesis; anti inflammatory (Adrenal Cortex)
Mineralocorticoids
Increases sodium and water reabsorption in kidneys (Adrenal Cortex)
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Increases blood glucose level and heart rate (Adrenal Medulla)
Glucagon
Stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver; increases blood glucose (Pancreas)
Insulin
Lowers blood glucose; increases glycogen stores (Pancreas)
Somatostatin
Suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin (Pancreas)
Testosterone
Maintains male secondary sex characteristics (testes)
Estrogen
Maintains female secondary sex characteristics (Ovary/Placenta)
Progesterone
Promotes growth/maintenance of endometrium (Ovary/Placenta)
Melatonin
Regulates sleep-wake cycles (Pineal)
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Involved in osomoregulation and vasodilation (heart)
Thymosin
Stimulates T-cell development (thymus)
