Hormones of Digestion Flashcards
Name 4 digestion related endocrine hormones.
Cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin, gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and secretin.
Name the 4 cell types that secrete the respective GIT hormones.
1) Duodenal I cells - secrete CCK
2) Antral (G) cells - secrete Gastrin
3) K cells - secrete GIP
4) S cells - secrete secretin
Name the 2 families of GIT peptide hormones.
Gastrin and Secretin families.
Gastrin - gastrin and CCK
Secretin - secretin, GIP, glucagons and VIP
Name the functions of gastrin.
Gastrin is stimulated by food. Gastrin’s function is to stimulate the release of HCl from the paritetal cells of the stomach and to regulate growth of the gastric mucosa. It is inhibited by secretin and somatostatin.
What is the secretion signal for CCK?
CCK released in response to certain a.a. (tryptophan, phenylalanine), peptides released by gastric proteolysis, acid pH, lipid and free fatty acids.
Name 2 functions of CCK.
CCK causes the contraction of the gall bladder to secrete bile acids and in pancreas to secrete pancreatic enzymes.
The functional part of the hormone, gastrin and CCK resides in the region of the peptide.
Last five amino acids of the C-terminus.
Name the secretion signal and the function of secretin.
Secretin is released in response to acidification (PH < 5) of the contents of the duodenum. Secretin works to stimulate the secretion of pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate.
The major hormone that causes NaCl secretion is ____.
VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) - function may be to promote descending relaxation.
Guanylin promotes the secretion of _____.
NaCl (this causes activation of guanylate cyclase and thus elevates cGMP levels)
GIP stimulates the secretion of _________.
Insulin (by pancreatic beta-cells under condition of hyperglycemia)
Glucose stimulates the secretion of ____.
Insulin release due to the glucose-mediated stimulation of GIP release.
