Hormones Flashcards
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TRH
Hypothalamus
Stimulates secretion of TSH and prolactin
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
CRH
Hypothalamus
Stimulates of ACTH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
GnRH
Hypothalamus
Stimulates secretion of LH and FSH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
GHRH
Hypothalamus
Stimulates secretion of growth hormone
Somatrotropin releasing-inhibiting hormone (somatrostatin)
SRIF
Hypothalamus
Inhibits secretion of growth hormone
Prolactin-inhibiting factor (dopamine)
PIF
Hypothalamus
Inhibits secretion of prolactin
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
TSH
Anterior pituitary
Stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones
Follicle-stimulating hormone
FSH
Anterior pituitary
Stimulates growth of ovarian follicles and estrogen secretion
Promotes sperm maturation (testes)
Luteinizing hormone
LH
Anterior pituitary
Stimulates ovulation, formation of corpus luteum, and synthesis of estrogen and progesterone (ovary)
Stimulates synthesis and secretion of testosterone (testes)
Growth hormone
GH
Anterior pituitary
Stimulates protein synthesis and overall growth
Prolactin
Anterior pituitary
Stimulates milk production and breast development
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
ACTH
Anterior pituitary
Stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortical hormones
Beta-Lipotropin
Anterior pituitary
? in human
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
MSH
Anterior pituitary
Stimulates melanin synthesis (? humans)
Oxytocin
Posterior pituitary
Milk ejection, uterine contraction
Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) ADH
Posterior pituitary
Stimulates H2O reabsorption by renal collecting ducts
L-thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyroid gland
Skeletal growth; increase O2 consumption; heat production; increase protein, fat, and carbohydrate use; maturation of nervous system (perinatal)
Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
Adrenal cortex
Stimulates gluconeogenesis; anti-inflammatory; immunosuppression
Estradiol
Ovary
Growth and development of female reproductive organs; follicular phase of menstrual cycle
Progesterone
Ovary
Luteal phase of menstrual cycle
Testosterone
Testes
Spermatogenesis; male secondary sex chacteristics
Parathyroid hormone
PTH
Parathyroid gland
Increase Serum (Ca2+); decrease serum (phosphate)
Calcitonin
Thyroid gland (parafollicular cells)
decrease serum (Ca2+)
Aldosterone
Adrenal cortex
Increase renal Na+ reabsorption; increase renal K+ secretion; increase renal H+ secretion
1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol
Kidney (activation)
Increase Intestinal Ca2+ absorption; increase bone mineralization
Insulin
Pancreas (beta cells)
Decrease blood (glucose); decrease blood (amino acid); decrease blood (fatty acid)
Glucagon
Pancreas (alpha cells)
increase blood (glucose); increase blood (fatty acid)
Human chorionic gonadotropin
HCG
Placenta
increase estrogen and progesterone synthesis in corpus luteum of pregnancy
Human placental lactogen
HPL
Placenta
Same actions as growth hormone and prolactin during pregnancy
