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Bio Basis of Behavior: Hormones > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q

What is oxytocin?

A

Secreted by: Posterior Pituitary
In response to childbirth
Effect: Uterine contraction, emotional bonding
Type: Peptide

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2
Q

What is vasopressin (ADH)?

A

Secreted by: Posterior Pituitary
in response to high plasma osmolality
Effect: Retains water, increases aquaporin channels in collecting duct
Type: peptide

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3
Q

What is FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)?

A

Secreted by: Anterior Pituitary
in response to GnRH
Effect: in females: starts follicle growth
in males: increases spermatocyte development
in both males and females: germ cells mature
Type: Glycoprotein

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4
Q

What is LH (Luteinizing Hormone)?

A

Secreted by Anterior pituitary
in response to: estrogen spike from follicle before ovulation in females
Effect in females: ovulation, follicle becomes corpus luteum
Effect in males: Leydig cells producing higher amounts of testosterone
Type: Glycoprotein

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5
Q

What is ACTH?

A

Secreted by Anterior pituitary
in response to Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and stress
Effect: Increased adrenal release of corticosteroids
Type: Peptide

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6
Q

What is TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)?

A

Secreted by Anterior pituitary
in response to TRH, low plasma levels of T4 and T3
Effect: Increased thyroid release of T4 and T3
Type: Glycoprotein

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7
Q

What is prolactin?

A

Secreted by Anterior pituitary
in response to falling progesterone at end of pregnancy
Effect: mammary gland enlargement, milk production
Type: Peptide

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8
Q

What is endorphin?

A

Secreted by Anterior Pituitary
in response to pain
Effect: pain relief
Type: Peptide

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9
Q

What is growth hormone?

A

Secreted by Anterior pituitary
in response to GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone)
Effect: growth of long bones, general anabolism
Type: Peptide

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10
Q

What is calcitonin?

A

Secreted by thyroid
in response to high plasma calcium ions [Ca2+]
Effect: reduce plasma calcium ions
Type: Peptide

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11
Q

What is T4 and T3?

A

Secreted by thyroid
in response to TSH
Effect: increased metabolic rate
Type: amino acid Tyr, but act like steroid

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12
Q

What is the parathyroid hormone?

A

Secreted by parathyroid
in response to low plasma [Ca2+]
Effect: increased plasma calcium ions
Type: peptide

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13
Q

What is glucagon?

A

Secreted by pancreas alpha a cells
in response to low blood glucose
Effect: increased blood glucose
Type: peptide

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14
Q

What is insulin?

A

Secreted by pancreas beta b cells
in response to high blood glucose
Effect: decreased blood glucose
Type: peptide

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15
Q

What is somatostatin?

A

Secreted by pancreas delta cells
in response to high hormone levels, but can vary
Effect: suppresses GH, TSH, CCK (Cholecystokinin), insulin, and glucagon

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16
Q

What is cortisol?

A

Secreted by adrenal cortex
in response to stress
Effect: increases glucose and suppression of immune system
Type: steroid

17
Q

What is aldosterone?

A

Secreted by adrenal cortex
in response to ACTH, ATII (angiotensin), and low blood pressure
effect: Collecting duct, DCT: reabsorb Na+, secrete K+, water retention, increased blood pressure
Type: steroid

18
Q

What is epinephrine?

A

Secreted by adrenal medulla
in response to sudden stress
Effect: sympathetic response: increased heart rate and breathing
Type: peptide, tyrosine (Tyr) derivative

19
Q

What is estrogen?

A

Secreted by ovaries in females and adrenal gland in males
in response to FSH
Effect: secondary sex characteristics, endometrial development during menstrual cycle, leads to surge of LH
Type: Steroid

20
Q

What is progesterone?

A

Secreted by ovary: corpus luteum in females
and the adrenal in males
in response to ovulation
Effect: thicken, maintain endometrium in preparation for implantation
Type: Steroid

21
Q

What is testosterone?

A

Secreted by Leydig cells of testes in males and ovaries in females
in response to GNRH –>LH–>Testos
Effect: development, maintenance of secondary sex characteristics
Type: Steroid

22
Q

What is norepinephrine?

A

Secreted by adrenal medulla
in response to sudden stress
Effect: sympathetic response of fight or flight
Type: Peptide, Tyr derivative

23
Q

What is hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)?

A

Secreted by placenta
in response to implantation
Effect: maintains corpus luteum at start of pregnancy
Type: glycoprotein

24
Q

What is GnRH (gonadotrophin releasing hormone)?

A

Secreted by Hypothalamus
in response to puberty and menses
Effect: increase in LH, FSH release
Type: Peptide

Bio Basis of Behavior: Hormones (1 decks)

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