Hormones

Question 1

Where is gastrin secreted from?

Answer 1

G cells, antrum

Question 2

What is gastrin secreted in response to?

Answer 2

• nerve (GRP)

- dietary secretagogues

Question 3

What action does gastrin have?

Answer 3

• increase acid
• secretion
  increase gastric motility
• pepsin secretion

Question 4

What is CCK short for?

Answer 4

Cholecystokinin

Question 5

Where is CCK produced?

Answer 5

I cells, duodenum

Question 6

What is CCK released in response to?

Answer 6

fatty acids

peptides

Question 7

What action does CCK have?

Answer 7

• pancreatic enzyme secretion
• gallbladder contraction
• decreased gastric secretion
• decreased gastric motility

Question 8

Where is secretin released from?

Answer 8

S cells, duodenum

Question 9

What is secretin released in response to?

Answer 9

H+

Question 10

What action does secretin have?

Answer 10

• pancreatic HCO3- secretion
• biliary HCO3- secretion
• decreased gastric secretion

Question 11

What is GIP short for?

Answer 11

Gastric Inhibitory Peptide

Question 12

Where is GIP produced?

Answer 12

K cells, duodenum

Question 13

what is GIP released in response to?

Answer 13

• fatty acids

- glucose

Question 14

what action does GIP have?

Answer 14

• decreased gastric secretion

- increased insulin secretion

Question 15

where is motilin released?

Answer 15

small intestine

Question 16

What is motilin released in response to?

Answer 16

lack of nutrients

Question 17

What does motilin do?

Answer 17

increases GI motility; migrating motor complex (interdigestive motility)

Question 18

Which nervous system uses ACh?

Answer 18

PNS and ENS

Question 19

when is ACh released?

Answer 19

when there’s food

Question 20

What does ACh do?

Answer 20

• increase secretion

- increase motility

Question 21

Where is somatostatin released from?

Answer 21

D-cells, stomach

Question 22

what is somatostatin released in response to?

Answer 22

acid

Question 23

what does somatostatin do?

Answer 23

decrease secretion of gastrin

Question 24

What does VIP stand for

Answer 24

vasoactive intestinal peptide

Question 25

what is VIP released in response to ?

Answer 25

ENS nerve stimulation

Question 26

what does VIP do?

Answer 26

- relaxation of sphincters - increased intestinal secretion - vasodilation of arterioles

Question 27

where is histamine released from?

Answer 27

ECL cells, stomach

Question 28

what is histamine released in response to?

Answer 28

ACh | gastrin

Question 29

what does histamine do?

Answer 29

increase acid secretion

Question 30

what is 5-HT?

Answer 30

seretonin

Question 31

where is 5-HT released from

Answer 31

enterochromaffin cells, intestine

Question 32

what is 5-HT released in response to?

Answer 32

mechanoreceptor/chemoreceptor stimulation

Question 33

what does seretonin do?

Answer 33

stimulate nerves of the ENS

Question 34

what is NO released in response to?

Answer 34

ENS nerve stimulation

Question 35

what does NO do?

Answer 35

- relaxation of sphincters | - vasodilation of arterioles

Question 36

what is GRP short for?

Answer 36

gastrin releasing peptide

Question 37

what is GRP released in response to?

Answer 37

ENS nerves

Question 38

what does GRP do

Answer 38

increase secretion of gastrin

Question 39

what does noradrenaline do?

Answer 39

general inhibition of digestion

Question 40

what does aldosterone do?

Answer 40

stimulates active sodium reabsorption (and water as a result) -- collecting duct

Question 41

what does ADH do?

Answer 41

stimulates passive water reabsorption -- collecting duct