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MCAT Hormones > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

A

Anterior pituitary
Peptide
Stimulates follicle maturation in females and spermatogenesis in males

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2
Q

Luteinizing Hormone

A

Anterior pituitary
Peptide
Stimulates ovulation in females and testosterone synthesis in males

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3
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

A

Anterior pituitary
Peptide
Stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secretes glucocorticoids

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4
Q

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone

A

Anterior pituitary
Peptide
Stimulates the thyroid to produce hormones

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5
Q

Prolactin

A

Anterior pituitary
Peptide
Stimulates milk production and secretion

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6
Q

Endorphins

A

Anterior pituitary
Peptide
Decrease sensation of pain
Can promote euphoria

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7
Q

Growth Hormone

A

Anterior pituitary
Peptide
Stimulates bone and muscle growth
Raises blood glucose levels

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8
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH; vasopressin)

A

Hypothalamus and released by posterior pituitary
Peptide
Stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys by increasing permeability of collecting duct

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9
Q

Oxytocin

A

Hypothalamus and released by posterior pituitary
Peptide
Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk secretion during lactation; may promote bonding behavior

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10
Q

Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)

A

Thyroid (follicular cells)
Amino acid derived
Stimulate metabolic activity

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11
Q

Calcitonin

A

Thyroid (follicular cells)
Amino acid derived
Decreases blood calcium concentrations

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12
Q

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

A

Parathyroids
Peptide
Increase blood calcium concentrations

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13
Q

Glucocorticoids (cortisol and cortisone)

A

Adrenal cortex
Steroid
Increase blood glucose concentrations; decrease protein synthesis; anti-inflammatory

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14
Q

Mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)

A

Adrenal cortex
Steroid
Increase water reabsorption in the kidneys by increasing sodium reabsorption; promote potassium and hydrogen ion excretion

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15
Q

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

A

Adrenal medulla
Amino acid derived
Increase blood glucose concentrations and heart rate; dilate bronchi; alter blood flow patterns

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16
Q

Glucagon

A

Pancreatic (a-cells)
Peptide
Stimulates glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis); increase blood glucose concentrations

17
Q

Insulin

A

Pancreatic (B-cells)
Peptide
Lowers blood glucose concentrations and increases anabolic processes

18
Q

Somatostatin

A

Pancreas (g-cells)
Peptide
Suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin

19
Q

Testosterone

A

Testis and adrenal cortex
Steroid
Develops and maintains male reproductive system and male secondary sex characteristics

20
Q

Estrogen

A

Ovary and placenta
Steroid
Develops and maintains female reproductive system and female secondary sex characteristics

21
Q

Progesterone

A

Ovary and placenta
Steroid
Promotes maintenance of the endometrium

22
Q

Melatonin

A

Pineal gland
Peptide
Involved in circadian rhythms

23
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Kidney
Peptide
Stimulates bone marrow to produce RBCs

24
Q

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

A

Heart (atria)
Peptide
Promotes salt and water reabsorption

25
Q

Thymosin

A

Thymus
Peptide
Stimulates T-cell development

MCAT Hormones (3 decks)

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