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MCAT Bio > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

Learning the Effects and Locationsof Hormones

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1
Q

Releasing and Inhibiting Factors (Peptide)

A

Anterior Pituitary/Modify Activity (Hypothalmus)

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2
Q

Growth Hormone (GH) (Peptide)

A

Increase bone and muscle growth, Increase Cell Turnover Rate (Anterior Pituitary)

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3
Q

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) (Peptide)

A

Thyroid, Increase synthesis of Thyroid Hormone (TH) (Tropic)

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4
Q

Prolactin (Peptide)

A

Mammary Gland, Milk Production (Anterior Pituitary)

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5
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (Peptide)

A

Increase growth and secretory activity of adrenal cortex (Tropic)

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6
Q

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) (Peptide)

A

Ovary/Ovulation, Testes/Testosterone Synthesis (Gandotropic)

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7
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) (Peptide)

A

Ovary/follicle development, testes/spermatogenesis (Gandotropic)

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8
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH, vasopressin) (Peptide)

A

Kidney/Water Retention (Posterior Pituitary)

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9
Q

Oxytocin (Peptide)

A

Breast/Milk Letdown, Uterus/Contraction (Posterior Pituitary)

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10
Q

Thyroid Hormone (TH, Thyroxine) (Modified AA)

A

Child: necessary for physical and mental development; Adult: Increase metabolic rate and temperature (Thyroid)

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11
Q

Calcitonin (Peptide)

A

Bone, kidney, lowers serum [Ca2+] (Thyroid C Cells)

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12
Q

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) (Peptide)

A

Bone, Kidney, Small intestine/raises serum [Ca2+] (Parathyroids)

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13
Q

Thymosin (Children Only) (Peptide)

A

T Cell development during childhood (Thymus)

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14
Q

Epinephrine (Modified AA)

A

Sympathetic stress response (rapid) (Adrenal Medulla)

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15
Q

Cortisol (Steroid)

A

Longer-term stress response; increase blood [glucose]; Increase protein catabolism; decrease inflammation and immunity; many other (Adrenal Cortex)

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16
Q

Aldosterone (Steroid)

A

Kidney/ Increase Na+ re absorption to increase blood pressure (Adrenal Cortex)

17
Q

Sex Steroids (Steroid)

A

Not normally important, but an adrenal tumor can overproduce these, causing masculinzation or feminization (Adrenal Cortex)

18
Q

Insulin (Peptide)

A

Decrease blood [glucose]/ Increase Glycogen and fat storage; Beta cells secrete; absent or ineffective in diabetes mellitus (Endocrine Pancreas)

19
Q

Glucagon (Peptide)

A

Increase blood [glucose]/ decrease glycogen and fat storage; alpha cells secrete; (Endocrine Pancreas)

20
Q

Somatosin (SS) (Peptide)

A

Inhibits many digestive processes; gamma cells secrete (Endocrine Pancreas)

21
Q

Testosterone (Steroid)

A

Male Characteristics; spermatogenesis (Testes)

22
Q

Estrogen (Steroid)

A

Female Characteristics, endometrial growth (Ovaries/Placenta)

23
Q

Progesterone (Steroid)

A

Endometrial secretion, pregnancy (Ovaries/Placenta)

24
Q

Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) (Peptide)

A

Kidney/Increase urination to decrease blood pressure (Heart)

25
Q

Erythropoietin (Peptide)

A

Bone Marrow/ Increase RBC synthesis

MCAT Bio (4 decks)

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